(1) Self-efficacy. Self-efficacy refers to people's confidence or belief in their ability to achieve behavioral goals in a specific field, and is one of the core driving factors of the subject's self-system. As an influential subjective belief, self-efficacy affects people's thinking patterns and emotional reactions in many cases. The research of Bandura (1986) shows that self-efficacy will affect the individual's choice of future environment and behavior. When an individual faces different environmental conditions, what kind of environment he chooses depends on his sense of self-efficacy to some extent. Generally speaking, an individual chooses an environment that he thinks he can cope with effectively, and avoids an environment that he feels he can't control. At the same time, self-efficacy will also affect the individual's efforts in the activity, as well as the individual's endurance and endurance in the face of difficulties, setbacks and failures in this activity. Therefore, the individual's self-efficacy will be greatly affected.
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Chen Xiaohua: On College Students' Help-seeking Psychology and Its Cultivation
June 2006: 5438+065438+ 10 Nov2006 Whether individuals choose the attitude of psychological counseling when they encounter psychological problems. Psychological help-seeking attitude largely determines his help-seeking behavior. Therefore, self-efficacy is a very important reason that affects college students' psychological help-seeking.
(2) take care of face. Research shows that fear of face and privacy is an important reason to prevent potential individuals from seeking professional psychological help.
[3]
Some students don't know who to turn to for help when they encounter psychological problems, and they don't know where such institutions can provide help. This situation leads them not to seek psychological assistance when they encounter psychological problems or psychological troubles, but to see if they have enough internal resources to deal with the problems, so that many students finally have a psychological collapse, which has caused serious consequences. This requires psychological counseling institutions to do extensive publicity, carry out educational activities, strengthen college students' awareness of psychological help, and solve and channel bad emotions in time. When teaching specific psychological help-seeking strategies to college students, it is especially necessary for them to learn to understand their own psychological confusion and reasons, choose different help-seeking objects according to different psychological troubles, treat various psychological problems correctly, and encourage them to seek help from psychological professional institutions.
(3) Improve the quality of psychological counseling professionals and service quality. Studies have shown that some students don't ask for help because they lack trust in counselors and think that counselors may not be able to solve their psychological problems, or even if they come, they can't get a fundamental solution. Therefore, improving the quality of psychological counseling professionals and establishing a good reputation and positive image are also important factors that can not be ignored in promoting college students' psychological help. Based on this consideration, on the one hand, colleges and universities should strengthen the training of personnel engaged in mental health education and constantly improve their necessary theoretical level, professional knowledge, operational skills and professional ethics; On the other hand, we should make full use of specialized psychological help institutions, actively carry out psychological testing, psychological counseling and mental health education activities, mobilize students to participate in mental health education activities, and constantly improve the quality of mental health education and psychological help-seeking services, so as to create favorable conditions for improving college students' mental health level and implementing psychological help-seeking. ? Reference number
[1] Fan Fumin. The Development of Adolescent Psychological Counseling in China [J]. Asian Journal of Psychological Counseling,1999,6 (2), 5~ 19.
[2] Mei, Sui Yujie, Zeng Jianguo. College students' tendency to seek help [J]. China Journal of Clinical Psychology,1998,6 (4), 2 10 ~ 2 15.
[3] high,,. Gender differences in college students' ways of psychological help and seeking help [J]. On Women's Studies, 200 1, (2), 9~ 16
[4] Jiang Guangrong, Wang Ming. A study on college students' psychological help-seeking behavior [J]. China Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2003, (3), 180~ 184.
[5] Zhang Ning, Yuan Yonggui. Investigation on the status quo of psychological counseling [J]. Journal of Health Psychology, 200 1, 9(5):389~39 1.
. Influenced by tradition
Under the influence of ideas, college students tend to hold negative stereotypes about psychological problems and diseases, so they are afraid of seeking medical treatment.
Behavior; Moreover, college students have strong autonomy and advocate making their own decisions without blindly listening to other people's opinions. However, influenced by traditional ideas and traditional culture, some college students show concern for face.
It is difficult to open yourself by controlling or even suppressing the expression of emotions. They have confidence in their ability to solve problems and are afraid of being labeled as patients.
Label. Some college students think that asking for help from psychological counseling professionals means that they have psychological problems, which is shameful and will be mistaken for mental illness by other students.
. In the practice of psychological counseling, we find that many college students who are psychologically confused are unwilling to seek psychological help. Even when seeking the help of psychological professionals, we often have to make great determination not to be seen by others. Therefore, the content of college students' mental health education should not be limited to the popularization of mental health knowledge, but also pay attention to cultivating students' correct attitude towards psychological problems.
4. Suggestions on cultivating college students' psychological help-seeking behavior
(1) Popularize mental health knowledge in colleges and universities, and enhance college students' psychological help-seeking awareness.
Although every university offers related courses of mental health education, it is far from enough for college students at the turning point of their lives. These limited basic knowledge of psychology can't make college students know themselves well, let alone solve their bad emotions and inner conflicts. Therefore, colleges and universities should pay more attention to the solution of college students' psychological troubles and crises, strengthen the publicity of mental health knowledge, and take various forms (such as lectures, posters, elective courses, etc.). ), teaching the theoretical knowledge and skills of mental health to college students through multiple channels and in all directions, creating a good atmosphere for psychological help-seeking, eliminating college students' wrong mental health cognition and misunderstanding of psychological help-seeking, establishing mental health awareness, enhancing psychological help-seeking motivation and strengthening psychological help-seeking behavior.
(2) Strengthen the publicity of psychological counseling services in colleges and universities, and encourage college students to actively seek the help of psychological professionals.
Psychological counseling is a professional way to help individuals solve psychological problems, but it deals with the problems they face independently. There are several variables in this evaluation that will affect the conclusion of the evaluation. First, the mitigation goals expected by individuals; The second is to judge the severity of the problem; The third is the judgment of the resources that individuals should deal with. The relief goal that an individual hopes is the goal that this person hopes to achieve through his own treatment, such as feeling less uncomfortable, making himself happier and improving interpersonal relationships. Individuals will judge whether self-coping is feasible according to the possibility of realizing these personalized goals. Judging the severity of the problem, the degree of personal subjective perception of pain is one of the important factors. It also includes whether there will be serious consequences if this problem is not solved now.
Wait a minute. The judgment of coping resources owned by individuals mainly refers to their ability to solve or cope with difficulties and their sense of self-efficacy in dealing with psychological problems. The combination of these variables determines whether an individual seeks the help of a professional psychologist.
The third stage: evaluating the other. He refers to the behavior of the parties seeking all forces outside themselves to help them. These foreign AIDS may be family members, friends, teachers, leaders, etc. Of course, they may also be psychological counselors. The evaluation of the other refers to the decision-making process of deciding which external force to ask for help after the parties decide to ask for help from the outside. Research shows that when college students try to solve psychological problems, they tend to seek for themselves first and then for others; When it is necessary to seek outside help, we tend to turn to family or friends for help at first, and only when the problem is emotional disorder and serious will we turn to professional consultation for help [3].