1893 65438+1On October 27th, Soong Ching Ling was born in a family of priests and industrialists in Shanghai. As a friend and comrade of Sun Yat-sen, her father was her first teacher. When she was a teenager, she was born in a foreign country and received "European education" and democratic baptism in the United States. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the autocratic rule of the Qing Dynasty and made her look forward to the independence, freedom, democracy and prosperity of the motherland. Letters and newspaper clippings sent by her father set up a bridge in her heart for the revolutionary cause led by Sun Yat-sen.. However, * * * and the country have been strangled in the cradle, and the wave of revolution has subsided, and Soong Ching Ling's ambition to return to China to reform and build the motherland has not been put to good use. She went straight to Tokyo, where exiled revolutionaries were concentrated, and soon became Sun Yat-sen's assistant, starting her 70-year revolutionary career.
19151kloc-0/On October 25th, Soong Ching Ling decided to marry Sun Yat-sen, who was in exile, regardless of her parents' opposition, and followed Sun Yat-sen on the road of hard struggle to defend the system with firm steps. 1925 March 12 Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing. He entrusted "peace, struggle and saving the country" to Soong Ching Ling and his comrades.
1927 In August, Soong Ching Ling visited the Soviet Union and lived in Europe for four years. He inspected the world's first socialist country and several major capitalist countries, studied Marx's works, and studied the core issues of the China Revolution-land and farmers with many China revolutionaries in exile in Europe, which made a qualitative leap in his thoughts.
When the Japanese imperialist aggression against China continued to expand, ethnic contradictions rose to the main social contradictions, Soong Ching Ling quickly made a scientific judgment and made a correct decision, thinking that "the national disaster is just around the corner, and we should put aside our differences. The whole country must unite, resist Japan and strive for final victory. " Her thought of national unity in the Anti-Japanese War is consistent with the strategic policy of the China Producer Party to establish an anti-Japanese national united front, which overcomes the "Left" dogmatism. She also paved the way for the second cooperation between the two sides and played an irreplaceable special role.
1949 September 2 1 30, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beijing, and Soong Ching Ling was elected as the vice chairman of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the standing committee member of the first China People's Political Consultative Conference.
1949 After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Soong Ching Ling undertook a lot of state affairs for a long time. At the same time, she devoted a lot of energy to culture, education, health and the welfare of women and children. Since then, she has served as honorary chairman of the All-China Democratic Women's Federation, honorary chairman of the All-China Women's Federation of People's Republic of China (PRC) and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People for the Defence of Children. 1950, she was elected to the World Peace Council. 1952, elected chairman of the Asia-Pacific Liaison Committee.
1954 In September, Soong Ching Ling was elected as the first vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee. 1959 On April 7th, the first meeting of the Second National People's Congress was held, and Soong Ching Ling was elected as the vice chairman of People's Republic of China (PRC). 1965 10, the third national people's congress was held, and she once again served as the vice chairman of People's Republic of China (PRC). 1975 65438+ 10. In the 4th National People's Congress, she was re-elected as the vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee. 1978 In February, the Fifth National People's Congress was re-elected as the vice chairman of the Standing Committee. 1August 30, 980, served as the executive chairman of the third session of the Fifth National People's Congress.
1981May14th, Soong Ching Ling suffered from coronary heart disease and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. On June 5438+05, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee announced that she accepted Soong Ching Ling as the official party member of China * * * Production Party. On June 6th, 65438, the NPC Standing Committee awarded Soong Ching Ling the honorary title of People's Republic of China (PRC). 198 1 passed away in Beijing at 20: 00 on May 29th.
Soong Ching Ling was a great woman in China in the 20th century. On the occasion of commemorating the anniversary of Soong Ching Ling 1 10, a 700,000-word monograph by Mr. Shang and published by Beijing Publishing House came out.
The so-called long chronicle is a historical book style of traditional historiography. That is to say, a book that records and compiles a person's words, deeds and activities in his life by chronology. Song Pu Chang Bian gives a detailed and comprehensive account of Soong Ching Ling's family background, birth, study, marriage and love, personality and sentiment, growth path and revolutionary activities, as well as her position and role in major events in China's modern history, her relationship with important politicians of the two parties, her activities in international affairs, and her contacts and contributions with political, economic and cultural representatives of various countries. Relevant authorities also spoke highly of the book, calling it an authoritative academic reference book with important reference value.
Reading this new book, I feel that it has some outstanding characteristics compared with Soong Ching Ling's previous research works.
First of all, Song Puchang collected a large number of documents, not only systematically sorted out the published materials, but also published a large number of unpublished and first-time published materials, which revealed some little-known historical truths and interpreted some long-standing historical mysteries, which was unmatched by previous related works and filled the gap in Soong Ching Ling's research.
Mr. Shang, the editor-in-chief, began to collect information for this book from 1992. He took advantage of the opportunity of giving lectures in the United States to visit the libraries and archives of several universities, such as Stanford University and the University of Illinois, and was exposed to a lot of relevant materials. Only over 40 boxes of Song Ziwen's documents have been read through. He got 130 pieces of materials directly related to Soong Ching Ling from America, including letters, manuscripts, admission forms, etc. In addition, he also collected some unpublished materials from Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province, which are of precious value.
There are also many new materials obtained in China. Few people go to Nanxun Town, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. In Zhang Jingjiang's former residence here, I found Soong Ching Ling's letter to Zhang Jingjiang and Chen Youren's letter to Zhang Jingjiang to promote the second national cooperation and establish the national united front. In addition, I also interviewed people who had worked and lived with Soong Ching Ling, and got a batch of first-hand materials that they witnessed, witnessed and heard.
Second, Song Pu Chang Bian is not only limited to the narration and textual research of Soong Ching Ling's life story, but also fully reflects the formation and development of her thoughts, and is not limited to her personal words and deeds. She was also placed in the background of the times, from macro to micro, from background to prospect, from plane to three-dimensional, and introduced the events and people related to her in all directions, vividly and comprehensively showing the whole picture of Soong Ching Ling. This not only embodies the research ideas and ideas of chronological history books, but also develops and innovates the traditional chronological history books.
Thirdly, the long edition of Songpu carefully screened, discriminated, researched and questioned the rich historical materials, which truly reflected the history. This book re-examines the materials from the aspects of names, place names, times, events, and relationships between people, especially the doubtful points in newspapers and periodicals. For example, the word "Ai" written by Song Ailing, many previous versions of the book were written as "Ai", and this book was specifically clarified after textual research; For another example, there are two views about Soong Ching Ling's birthplace: Hongkou in Puxi, Shanghai and Chuansha in Pudong. After analysis, the editor thought that Puxi's theory was more reasonable, so he noted these two theories and the editor's tendentious opinions in the newspapers and periodicals.
Fourthly, in the process of compiling Song Pu Chang Bian, I consulted a large number of domestic and foreign archives and Chinese and foreign books and periodicals. There are more than 300 kinds of Chinese and foreign books and periodicals mainly cited in the book, and there are countless books and periodicals, which can be said to be the most comprehensive and detailed reference materials. It absorbs the existing research results, including biographies, treatises and various research results, and draws lessons from, adopts, sorts out and integrates them.