Baihe main dam is located in the north of Xiwangzhuang village 1km, which is a roller compacted earth dam, sloping loam wall and gravel dam. There are three methods for seepage control of dam foundation: loam trough, clay and cement grouting curtain and concrete cutoff wall. Dam crest elevation 160m, maximum dam height 66.4m, dam crest length 960.2m and width 8m. Filling earthwork11010.7 million cubic meters, with an investment of 5 14 1 ten thousand yuan. The five auxiliary dams are located in Beibaiyan, Zoumazhuang, Heather Camel, Xishi Camel and Jiusongshan, with a total length of 2,592 meters. Except for Zoumazhuang auxiliary dam, which is a homogeneous earth dam with a core wall, the rest are rolled earth dams with inclined clay core walls, and the dam faces are lined with stones. The total amount of rock filling for the main and auxiliary dams is18.88 million cubic meters.
Jiusongshan auxiliary dam is located 2.5km west of Chaohe main dam. The RCC dam with sloping loam wall and gravel dam body spans five roads, and the number is 1 to No.5 dam section from west to east. The total length of the dam crest is 1059 m, and the maximum height is 35.5 m ... The earthwork filling is 654.38+0.23 million cubic meters, with an investment of 5.03 million yuan.
Beibaiyan auxiliary dam is located at 1.5km west of Baihe main dam. It is a roller-compacted earth dam with sloping loam wall and gravel penetrating the dam body. Dam height15.7m and dam crest length120m. 39,000 cubic meters of earth and stone were filled, with an investment of 240,000 yuan.
Zoumazhuang auxiliary dam is located at 1.5 km to the east of Baihe main dam, which is an earth dam with sub-clay core wall. There are five passes, which are divided into 1 to No.5 dam section. The maximum dam height is 39 meters, and the total dam crest size is 5 19. 3 meters. 508,000 cubic meters of earth and stone were filled, with an investment of 2.87 million yuan.
Xishi Camel Auxiliary Dam is located in Xiyakou, Shiluo Basin, and is divided into two dam sections, namely inclined wall dam and core wall dam. The maximum dam height is 20. 1 m, and the total dam crest is 220m. 87,000 cubic meters of earth and stone were filled, and the heather camel auxiliary dam was 3150,000 yuan.
The Heather Camel Auxiliary Dam is located on the platform in the north of Erjiayu Village in the south of Shiluo Basin, and the 1 water pipeline with an outlet diameter of 70 cm is buried 350 meters to the left of the right dam head. The dam is 637 meters long and the maximum dam height is 26.9 meters. 388,000 cubic meters of earth and stone were filled. The planning and survey of Miyun Reservoir began at 195 1. 1956 In July, Beijing Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute listed the construction of Miyun Reservoir as the first batch of projects to control the Haihe River in the Outline of Hydropower Planning in Haihe River Basin, and put forward the concrete plans for the construction of Miyun Reservoir during the Third Five-Year Plan period in June 1957, 165438+ 10. On June 26th, 1958, Premier Zhou Enlai of the State Council inspected Miyun and determined the dam sites of Chaohe and Baihe main dams. At the end of June, the State Council made a decision to build Miyun Reservoir at 1958.
Miyun Reservoir Mountain was designed by Tsinghua University Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute with the assistance of Beijing Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute. The design leaders are Professor Zhang Guangdou of Tsinghua University and Chief Engineer Yin Feng of Peking University. The water conservancy project is designed as a first-class project, with the design flood return period of 1 0,000 years and the check flood return period of 1 0,000 years. Earth dams are designed as Class I buildings, spillways are designed as Class II buildings, and tunnels and power stations are designed as Class III buildings. The earth dam and spillway are fortified according to the earthquake crack degree of 8 degrees, the heather camel auxiliary dam is fortified according to 8.5 degrees because it crosses the Ermeiyu fault, and other buildings are fortified according to 7 to 7.5 degrees.
July 1958, Miyun, Huairou, Pinggu, Yanqing, Jixian, Hezhi, Ninghe, Wuqing, Anci, Dachang, Xianghe, Baoqu, Zunhua, Wutian, Lulong, Funing, Changli, Baxian, Huian and Yongqing in Hebei, Shunyi, Tongzhou and Yongqing in Beijing. Among them, the number of participants in Miyun County reached more than 5,200. On September 1 day, a groundbreaking ceremony was held at Jiusongshan, the site of Chaohe River, and construction officially started. Through the hard work of engineers and technicians, migrant workers and more than 65,438+/kloc-0,000 PLA soldiers, the flood was stopped in September/kloc-0,959 and completed in September/kloc-0,960. 1The Tangshan earthquake on July 28th, 976 caused the protective layer of underwater gravel dam slope of Baihe main dam to liquefy and slip, with a slip surface of 60,000 square meters and a collapse volume of 6.5438+0.5 million cubic meters. After the earthquake, the Ministry of Water and Electricity and Beijing immediately formed the Miyun Reservoir Earthquake and Flood Control Headquarters, and comprehensively strengthened the original project of the reservoir according to the requirements of earthquake prevention, flood control and disaster prevention. During the reinforcement process, the easy-to-liquefy sand and gravel protective layer of Baihe main dam was thoroughly removed, the ballast material was replaced, and the original clay-covered inclined wall was thickened. Other main and auxiliary dams have also been strengthened, and 1 spillway, three spillway tunnels and 1 power station 1 kw have been added. The project was designed by Tsinghua University, the Second Engineering Bureau and the Thirteenth Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Water and Electricity. The main dam of Baihe River was reinforced and mechanized construction was given priority to. More than 0/0000 migrant workers from Miyun, Shunyi and Tongxian counties, and more than 0/0000 workers, cadres, PLA officers and soldiers from the Municipal Water Conservancy Engineering Corps, Railway Corps, Beijing Garrison, the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th and 13th Engineering Bureaus of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, and Shiquan Engineering Branch participated in the construction. 1977 Baihe main dam reinforcement project.
The people of Miyun County have made great sacrifices and contributions to the construction of Miyun Reservoir. There are 207,000 mu of flooded fertile land in the reservoir area, and 65 villages have been relocated. The Party and the government have properly arranged production and living 1 1536 households with 56,908 people. At the beginning of the founding of New China, Miyun County had only 200,000 mu of forest land, accounting for 5.98% of the county's total area. After the completion of Miyun Reservoir, Miyun began to plant trees, control sand sources, afforest barren hills and make afforestation by blasting, which lasted for half a century, making the forest coverage rate reach 64.3%, and the forest coverage rate in the reservoir water conservation area was as high as 72.3%. In order to achieve zero pollution to the water quality of the source water, Miyun implements "three treatments and five transformations" throughout the county ("three treatments" means dealing with garbage, sewage and dirty mess; Five modernizations refer to the purification, greening, hardening, beautification and lighting of villages, and vigorously develop clean energy such as biogas, straw gas and solar water heaters.
By the mid-1980s, the task of water conservation was even heavier, and two thirds of Miyun became water source protection areas. 1985, Beijing promulgated the "Regulations on the Protection of Two Reservoirs and One Canal", which stipulated that any project except water conservancy project was prohibited in Miyun Reservoir Basin. In a short time, more than 50 enterprises closed down and more than 80 projects under construction stopped working.
By 20 1 1, in order to ensure that Miyun Reservoir is not polluted, Miyun County has also put forward the "six guarantees" measures to protect water, rivers, Baoshan, forests, land and environment, and established a team consisting of 7,000 forest rangers, more than 2,000 water conservancy workers, village cleaners and more than 300 women's green protection teams. Around Miyun Reservoir, the water environmental protection team set up by villages and towns has absorbed more than 1800 local residents, so that there is a village-level cleaner every 85 meters along the embankment, working for more than 6 hours every day.
After years of effective water source protection, Miyun has formed a beautiful natural environment. The content of negative oxygen ions in the air in the reservoir area is 40 times higher than that in the urban area, and the air quality keeps the first grade all the year round. Miyun Reservoir has also become the only pollution-free drinking water source in Beijing, and the water quality has reached the second-class standard for direct drinking.
In 20 14, Miyun county organized all units12,566 people, and established the "six guarantees" mechanism of water, river, Baoshan, forest, land and environment protection. Every town in the county has a deputy mayor in charge of water source protection. Around the reservoir, the towns set up the Miyun Reservoir Water Conservation Inspection Team, and the villages also set up the water conservation team.
In order to ensure the environmental safety of the reservoir area, Miyun County will build a purse seine with a length of 398 kilometers to implement closed management of the reservoir. After closed management, the elevation of the reservoir area is 160m, and the following is the "first-class reservoir protection area". Fishing, barbecue, sightseeing and unlicensed fishing are strictly prohibited in the protected areas, and new facilities unrelated to water source protection are strictly prohibited. At the same time, villages in the first-class protected areas will not be allowed to accept migrants. Miyun Reservoir is one of the famous tourist attractions in JD.COM, attracting tourists with its beautiful mountains, beautiful water and numerous scenery. The reservoir dam is towering and the lake is vast.
All kinds of buildings next to the library are hidden in green mountains and green waters, just like Fairy Palace and Qiongge. In the northwest of Baihe Dam in the reservoir, there is a mountain with an altitude of more than 900 meters, named the fifth floor, and there are five beacon towers, which are magnificent.
Miyun Reservoir is a famous fish town in Beijing. Its famous dishes include "stewed fish" (fresh fish stewed with reservoir water), as well as flour cakes and other farm dishes: stewed pork with shredded gourd, dried tofu, fried brine tofu and so on.
Transportation route: Take Dongmi Luxury City bus to Dongzhimen coach station, and then transfer to Miyun Reservoir.