[translation]
The letter said: "In the old book of the University, which was annotated by Mr. Wang, it is believed that knowledge is what knowledge is in itself, which is of course consistent with the purpose of Mencius' dedication, but Zhu also refers to the whole human heart with virtual consciousness. And he believes that dedication is because of intellectuality, and knowledge lies in things. "
"Dedication is due to intellectuality, and knowledge is in things" is right. But I'm trying to figure out what you mean. The reason why you talk like this is because you haven't understood what I said. Zhu believes that "being single-minded, intellectual and knowledgeable" means "being heavy and knowledgeable", that "being deliberate, nurturing and managing nature" means sincerity, integrity and self-cultivation, and that "early death and self-cultivation" is the highest realm of knowledge, the apex of benevolence and something that saints can do. My view is just the opposite of Mr. Zhu's. "Wholehearted, intellectual and knowledgeable" is a saint who was born knowing and practicing. "Have a heart, cultivate nature, and do things in heaven", and those who can learn and know benefits are saints; "Don't die young, cultivate one's morality." If you are in trouble, you will be a scholar Can we regard "all-out knowledge" as knowledge and "intentional cultivation" as a line? You will be surprised to hear this statement suddenly. However, there is really nothing to doubt. Let me explain it to you one by one.
The noumenon of the heart is sex; The origin of sex is heaven. Do your best is do your best. "The Doctrine of the Mean" said: "Only sincerity can make the best use of it." He also said: "The teaching of knowing heaven and earth is undoubtedly the quality of ghosts and gods, and knowing heaven is also." Only a saint can do this. So I said, this is a saint, born with knowledge, and doing it safely.
It is because I can't do the best, so I have to add a rescue effort. Keep your heart for a long time, and then you don't have to keep it deliberately. That can be said to be concentration. The word "knowledge" in "knowing heaven" is just like the word "knowledge" in "knowing state" and "magistrate of a county". Zhizhou, then everything in a state is your own business, magistrate, then everything in a county is your own business. "Knowing Heaven" is the fusion of self-mind and heaven. "Serving heaven" is like children serving their fathers and ministers assisting kings. They are not yet integrated with heaven. God gave me heart and sex. We just need to preserve it without losing it, and cultivate it without hurting it, just like "both parents are born and all children return". So I said, it is a wise man's business to learn knowledge and benefit.
As for dying young, it is different from people who keep their original heart. People who keep their true colors, although they can't be perfect for a while, have been bent on doing good. Sometimes it is inevitable to lose their true colors, as long as they keep their true colors. Now people are required to be consistent regardless of their early death, which is still to split their early death in two. Divide the heart in two with an early death, because the heart for goodness cannot be single-minded. It's still not good to save and raise, so why bother? The most important thing at the moment is not to shake the kind heart with the impermanence of early death. It's like saying that life and death are destiny. What an individual can do is to be kind, cultivate one's morality, and wait for destiny. This is because ordinary people don't know the existence of fate. Although "Heaven" has never merged with Heaven, it at least shows that it already knows the existence of fate, and it just obeys it respectfully. For example, people who wait for the arrival of destiny just can't really know where it is and are still waiting, so Mencius said, "This is settling down." Li is the Li of creation, such as Li De, Li Yan, Gong Li and Li Ming. Generally speaking, "Li" has never happened, and it will be established today, which is what Confucius said: "I don't know my life, I don't think about a gentleman." Therefore, "it is also a matter for scholars to advance despite difficulties."
Now, regarding "concentrating on knowing the heaven and the earth" as "grasping things and knowing the heaven and the earth" will make beginners accuse themselves of failing to reach the innate state of knowing the heaven and the earth and doing things like saints when they can't do it wholeheartedly. This is simply out of thin air, confusing and exhausting. Now it is obvious that the disadvantages of knowing things. Isn't it the same problem that you say "attaching importance to external knowledge and neglecting internal cultivation, although you have a wide range of knowledge, it is irrelevant"? This is the most critical part of learning. If you make a mistake here, you will make a mistake anywhere. This is also the reason why I dare to take the world by storm, or be regarded as a laughing stock, or fall into a situation of unanimous opinion, and still talk endlessly.
In our nature, saints are willful and do whatever they want. This is knowing what to do and doing what he wants to do. Sages are committed to being good and cultivating their nature, that is, learning knowledge and gaining benefits; Ordinary people have no firm ambition to do good. If they follow the method of the integration of knowledge and practice of saints from the beginning and just devote themselves to it, it will often become their desire. Because he doesn't know what his heart is yet, and he doesn't realize where the destiny exists. This requires you to work hard, make up your mind and devote yourself to doing good things before you can settle down.
Notes:
(1) "university" ancient books. See Xu Aixu, Volume I, Note 2. The Thirteen Classics and the Book of Rites. Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao (word Bochun, No.,1038- 1085) and Zhu all changed the chapters and sentences of Yi.
(2) Know its ontology. That is to know. See Yang's Preface to Ancient University Books (Volume 7, page 25).
3 dedication. In the seventh chapter of Mencius, the first chapter says, "He who does his best knows his nature."
④ Perception of virtual spirit. Zhu's preface to The Doctrine of the Mean says: "The emptiness of the mind is the only one." ("The Complete Works of Zhu" Volume 76, page 2 1. )
⑤ Heart volume. Zhu Xi noted in the seventh and first chapters of Mencius: "The heart is the god of the heart. Everyone has a heart, not all. But if you are not poor, you will cover it. " (Note to Mencius)
6 intellectuality. See note 3.
⑦ Wu Ge. The scripture of "University" says: "Knowledge lies in things."
Eight to one. Wang Ben wrote "Zhi".
Pet-name ruby cultivate one's morality. Wang Ben doesn't have this word.
Attending Tianshou. Wang Ben has the word "last section" under this.
See Zhu Zhu's note "Mencius": "I know the sky with all my heart, so I make it reasonable; It is intentional to cultivate nature and obey heaven, so it is also a matter of doing things. I don't know why, I can't do it; However, if you just make sense and don't do it, you can't have it yourself. Knowing the sky and not dying, exhausted in wisdom and self-cultivation for death. There is infinite wisdom, and I don't know it, so I am benevolent; If you are wise and ruthless, you will be lawless and unwise. " (Note in the first chapter) "Everything you know", Zhu Yuan's note is "Everything you know".
The saint thing. The first chapter of the seventh chapter of Mencius Leng says: "He who does his best knows his nature. If you know its nature, you will know its nature. Keep your mind and cultivate your nature, so you die. If you don't live long enough, you will cultivate yourself, so you will achieve life. " Zhu Zhu's annotation Mencius explained: "With the preface of" University ",intellectuality is the name of things. If you try your best, you will know the truth. ..... Save, that fucking don't give up; Raising means being suitable and harmless; Flattery without violating it. ..... Know the sky wholeheartedly, so make it reasonable; It is intentional to cultivate nature and obey heaven, so it is also a matter of doing things. ..... Know the sky, not to die young, but to be wise; Being able to die in Xiu De is a very kind person. "
I was born knowing what to do. See article 6, note 8. See "The Doctrine of the Mean": "Be born with knowledge, learn with knowledge, be trapped with knowledge, and know with knowledge. Or do it safely, profitably, or reluctantly, and its success is one. "
Do your best. For the language, see Chapter 22 of the Doctrine of the Mean. See "The Doctrine of the Mean": "Only the world is sincere, so as to do its best; If you can do your best, you can do your best; If you can make good use of human nature, you can make good use of things; If you can make the best use of it, you can praise the teaching of heaven and earth; If you can praise the cultivation of heaven and earth, you can go to heaven and earth. "
Cultural sentences. See chapter 22 of the Doctrine of the Mean.
Know the sentence of Heaven in Chapter 29 of the Doctrine of the Mean. See "The Doctrine of the Mean": "There is no doubt that the quality of ghosts and gods knows the sky; Immortals are not confused by saints, but also know people. "
Say something. "Book of Rites, Sacrificial Righteousness" language. See "The Doctrine of the Mean": "There is no doubt that the quality of ghosts and gods knows the sky; Immortals are not confused by saints, but also know people. "
Lide, stand up and make contributions. In the twenty-four years of Zuo Zhuan, the "xianggong" has a saying: "There is virtue in the throne, then meritorious service, and then words."
I don't know this sentence. Chapter 20 and Chapter 3 of The Analects of Confucius Yao Yue Pian. See "The Analects of Confucius Yao Yue": "I don't know the destiny, I don't think it's a gentleman; Don't understand the ceremony, can't stand it; If you don't know what to say, you can't know people. "
See "Meng Juanshu of Wei": "The conscience of the heart is sacred. The study of saints is only for the conscience. Natural people are saints; Those who are unwilling to do so are sages; Those who escape from ignorance and refuse to do so are fools. Although a fool is extremely ignorant, he has a conscience. If he can do it, he is no different from a saint. " (Volume 8 of the book)
Lead the world to the road. See chapters 3 and 4 of Mencius and Teng Wengong. See Mencius Teng Wengong: "There are things about adults and things about villains. And a person's body, everything is ready, if you must use it yourself, that is the way to lead the world. So, either work hard or work; Hard-working people govern others, hard-working people govern others; Treat people eat people, treat people eat people, and the world is righteous. "
Jingxinzhai Transcript (WeChat official account)
May 23(rd), 2022