1. 1 the connotation of humanistic quality
Humanistic quality is a certain knowledge and accomplishment based on the possession and internalization of certain humanistic knowledge, which reflects a person's personality, temperament, emotion, world outlook, outlook on life and values. It is a comprehensive embodiment of a person's external mental outlook and internal spiritual temperament, and also a comprehensive embodiment of the degree of civilization of modern people. The connotation of humanistic quality includes humanistic knowledge, humanistic spirit and humanistic behavior. Its contents include philosophical literacy, literary literacy, historical literacy, artistic literacy and so on.
1.2 the improvement of humanistic quality is beneficial to both college students and adults.
Humanistic quality plays a very important role in a person's growth. It can enlighten people's wisdom, develop people's potential, mobilize people's spirit, stimulate people's will, standardize people's behavior, safeguard people's health, control social stability and coordinate interpersonal relationships. First of all, the teaching of humanistic knowledge is beneficial to college students' adults. Humanistic knowledge education is the basic way for a nation to carry forward spiritual and cultural traditions and cast humanistic spirit. The so-called humanistic knowledge education is the education of literature, history, philosophy, aesthetics, ethics and other knowledge, which can guide and help people understand what a person is and what kind of person they want to be. Secondly, the education of outlook on life is beneficial to college students. Modern China's philosophy of life should properly position the rights and obligations of the state, the collective and the individual, awaken the consciousness of rights and obligations of every social individual, fulfill the obligations, enjoy the rights, and finally realize the happiness of life. Third, the improvement of the concept of honor and disgrace is conducive to college students' adulthood. The socialist concept of honor and disgrace is the spiritual pillar of our nation and the spiritual guide for shaping socialist citizens. It can help us distinguish right from wrong, good and evil, beauty and ugliness in the current situation, which is conducive to the smooth growth of college students.
2. Investigation and analysis of humanities quality of science and engineering students
The development of market economy, the arrival of knowledge economy era and the development pattern of economic globalization and integration put forward higher requirements for contemporary education. Talents in the new century are innovative, compound and international talents with high scientific quality and humanistic quality. It should be said that the scientific quality of science and engineering students in China is very strong, both the depth and breadth of professional knowledge are worthy of recognition, but as far as their humanistic quality is concerned, it is not optimistic and there are many problems. In this regard, in 2009, the author conducted a survey on 1200 engineering students in ludong university, Yantai University, shandong institute of business and technology and Shandong University of Technology. Combined with other domestic survey data, the author believes that the lack of humanistic quality of science and engineering students is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
2. 1 Lack of humanistic knowledge
Due to over-emphasis on the practicality and utility of professional technology, some science and engineering students ignore the study of humanities courses, leading to the lack of humanistic knowledge. Many students know little about the basic knowledge of literature, history and philosophy, with poor expressive ability and low artistic taste, especially the excellent traditional culture in China.
199665438+In February, Huazhong University of Science and Technology was entrusted by the State Education Commission to investigate the humanistic quality of some science and engineering students in China. The survey results show that Chinese science and engineering students not only lack literary knowledge and artistic knowledge, but also know little about the historical and cultural heritage of China and the world: less than half of them can write all the literary masterpieces such as Home, Divine Comedy and Resurrection.
During the period of 1998, the Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Beijing conducted a special investigation on 50 science, technology, agriculture and hospital schools in Beijing, including Tsinghua University and Beijing University of Technology. Among the 600 college students surveyed, 36% are not interested in liberal arts courses, 24% are interested but unwilling to invest, and only 8% are interested and willing to invest.
In 20001year, the Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC) pointed out in a survey report on talents in science and engineering that on-the-job graduates have poor writing skills, and a considerable number of engineering students are ignorant of humanities and social knowledge, and show considerable indifference and shallowness to human spiritual wealth such as literature, history, philosophy, art and music. The survey results also show that 60% of the students have read the four classic literary masterpieces endlessly, less than 20% can fully express the ideas of cultural celebrities such as Confucius, Mencius and Laozi, and less than 5% know the Four Books, Five Classics and Thirteen Classics.
In June, 2005, Fudan University held the China Language Competition, and the number of international students jumped to the top. The author's survey results show that 93.2% of college students have never read Shuo Wen Jie Zi, 77.2% Sun Tzu's Art of War, 76.8% Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching, 72.4% Zi Tong Zhi Jian, 58.9% Historical Records, and only 45.5%. Most college students are not familiar with China's traditional or classical plays, and only 34. 1%, 3 1% and 23% can write Dou Eyuan, Mountain Flowing Water and Peony Pavilion respectively. 2 1.8% students don't know the development and evolution of Chinese classical poetry, 25% students haven't read classical literary works such as Han Fu, Tang Legend and Yuan Qu, 17.2% students haven't read dialectics of nature, folklore, ethics and sociology, and 35% students don't know the writing methods and format requirements of scientific papers and investigation reports.
This shows that college students' knowledge of literature and writing is shallow. Su, a famous mathematician, said, "I spend more time correcting typos and sentences than reading the whole paper." . The lack of humanistic knowledge of science and engineering students has seriously affected the quality of talent training.
2.2 Humanistic spirit and personality prejudice
Humanistic spirit, as the potential motive force of moral concept and value orientation, plays a guiding and promoting role in the development and success of college students. The overall mental state of contemporary college students is positive: they pay attention to the development of self-worth, are open-minded, dare to explore and compete, and can consciously cultivate and develop healthy personality. However, under the negative influence of the market economy and the wave of information globalization, some college students lack the ability of value judgment and choice in the face of a diversified world, showing the deviation of humanistic spirit and personality.
During the period of 1999, the Moral Education Research Association of Sichuan University entrusted Chengdu Institute of Meteorology to conduct an investigation on students from some technical colleges in Sichuan Province. The results show that in the item "Your life goal", 69% people choose "clear", 22% people choose "uncertain", 9% people choose "not considering" and 50% people choose "your life pillar". In comparison of personality, power and money, 7 1% prefers personality, 17% prefers power and 12% prefers money. This shows that students' value orientation is positive and healthy, which reflects students' enterprising attitude towards life and their emphasis on knowledge and personality. However, students who are confused in life goals, biased in life pillars, and despise character and value rights still occupy a proportion that cannot be ignored.
The author's survey results show that: regarding beliefs, most students choose "* * * productism", but 3 1% students choose "pragmatism, individualism, religion and others"; Regarding joining the Party, 7 1% of the students have the desire to join the Party, of which 26% have already submitted the application form for joining the Party, 1 1% of the students have chosen "not yet considered" and 18% of the students have chosen "not interested". Regarding trust, 42% of the students chose "others" and "society" at the same time, and 45% of the students only chose "themselves" and "relatives". Most people think cheating in exams is shameful, but 15% students think it doesn't matter.
From the analysis of the above results, the mainstream of college students' spiritual status quo is healthy and upward, which can adapt to the requirements of China's socialist market economy for the ideological quality of talents. Most students have clear beliefs and correct attitudes towards life, but some students lack due trust in others and society, and lack due adherence to personal integrity, which leads to moral decline and belief confusion. In the summer of 2005, at the invitation of Shen Yan Railway Headquarters, Hu Yingqing led a reporter group composed of students from Capital 12 universities to interview railway builders, and wrote in China Education News: "Even college students who have not yet left the ivory tower, when interviewing the feats of their peers struggling to become talents in the depths of the mountains, they still went abroad with great interest, chatted online and asked them about their attitude towards developing the northwest. On the one hand, college students think that the western region is too backward and should be developed. On the other hand, only one student from China Agricultural University dares to promise that I can work in the northwest for five years after graduation if necessary. This phenomenon also shows that some college students still lack the spirit of hard struggle and the awareness of caring for people's sufferings.
2.3 Innovation awareness and practical ability are relatively weak.
The survey results show that students' desire to participate in cognitive practice and production practice is "average" or "average"; Even some students don't like experimental classes, less than 38% have participated in scientific and technological practice and social practice activities, and less than 27% have consciously applied their professional knowledge to scientific and technological practice. The survey results of students' scientific and technological practice activities in northwest universities in 20001year show that less than 10% of students majoring in science, engineering and agriculture participate in scientific and technological practice activities, less than 20% participate in social practice and community building activities, and less than 5% have scientific and technological achievements (including scientific and technological papers, inventions, participating in scientific research projects, winning prizes in various scientific and technological competitions, etc.). ), 75% of people have it.
The reason is that under the long-term planned economy system, some college students' thoughts and creative consciousness are locked up, only satisfied with the knowledge in books, locked in ivory towers, lacking innovative consciousness and practical ability. Some college students are used to looking for role models, are not good at independent thinking and lack the democratic spirit of social practice. Without unconventional thinking, unwilling to accept diversity, the spirit of thinking that dares to question and criticize is becoming more and more indifferent.
3 ways and methods of humanistic quality education for science and engineering students
3. 1 Strengthen the main classroom channel of humanities education
To become a qualified scientific and technological talent, science and engineering students should not only have professional knowledge, but also have knowledge in the fields of literature, history, philosophy, economy, law and politics. In addition to continuing to strengthen Marxist theoretical education and moral education, the following aspects of education also need to be strengthened.
(1) Humanities and social science education that promotes the excellent culture of the Chinese nation and absorbs the excellent culture of foreign countries. The Chinese nation has a long history, which is a valuable resource and the greatest advantage for us to carry out humanities education, and we must fully tap and learn from it. Chinese traditional culture education should focus on the education of history and culture with patriotism as the main purpose, the education of values, morality and dedication with collectivism as the core, and the education of cultivating noble sentiments and dedication.
(2) Pay attention to cultivating students' humanistic quality education to adapt to the development of market economy. Under the market economy, science and engineering students should not only have solid and excellent professional knowledge, but also have the knowledge, ability and quality provided by humanities and social sciences. In particular, the increasingly fierce competition, such as the spirit of innovation, the ability to withstand setbacks and adapt to the environment, are all necessary humanistic qualities for the development of market economy.
(3) Pay attention to the training and exercise of basic humanistic skills to improve students' expressive ability.
(4) Universities of science and engineering should also pay attention to the teaching objectives of humanities and social sciences, the cultivation of students' humanistic spirit and the improvement of humanistic quality in professional teaching.
3.2 Carry out a variety of activities
Classroom teaching does not mean that humanities education for science and engineering students has been successful. The deeper goal is to unify their pursuit of truth and value, so that the scientific and technological talents trained by science and engineering universities can combine scientific rigor with humanistic care while practicing science and technology for the benefit of mankind.
3.3 Excavate the educational function of campus culture and strengthen the humanistic quality education for students.
Campus culture refers to the sum total of group consciousness and behavior patterns gradually formed in the long-term school-running process and educational activities, with the values recognized by all members of the school as the core. It is a unique subculture, campus spirit and its materialization in matter and thought. Campus culture includes material culture; Campus environment, campus architecture and other institutional cultures; Various rules and regulations of the school; Concept culture: values, beliefs and moral sentiments of teachers and students. Behavior culture: various activities organized by various societies. In the construction of campus culture in science and engineering universities, we should fully consider the needs of humanistic education and truly embody the people-oriented concept; We should make unified planning, highlight key points, grasp the mainstream of campus culture, constantly improve the taste and grade of campus culture, and strive to build a healthy, progressive and lively campus culture. Special attention should be paid to the development of campus cultural activities that are deeply loved by the majority of students, and their powerful educational functions should be continuously tapped.
3.4 Pay attention to the construction of campus environment and create a strong campus humanistic and cultural atmosphere.
The humanistic quality of students depends largely on training. Practice has proved that it is not only the teaching of classified majors that bears the humanistic spirit of universities, but also the campus environment formed in running schools, which, as the cultural background of science education and humanistic education, plays a subtle role in college students. We should pay attention to the construction of campus environment and institutional culture, and highlight the functions of humanistic education through specific forms, including the promotion and construction of school fine traditions, school philosophy, school spirit and discipline, and the construction of humanistic landscape, role models, campus entertainment, sports and typical social life examples. Some famous universities in China have formed their own unique campus culture and created a rich humanistic atmosphere, which has been accepted by teachers and students and become an invisible force for them to explore their ideals and standardize their behavior. For example, Tsinghua University's "self-improvement, respecting morality", Peking University's "academic freedom and inclusiveness", Zhejiang University's "seeking truth from facts and educating people" and so on. In addition, the construction of humanistic atmosphere should also start from the campus, fully tap and make use of the carriers provided by society for humanistic education, such as museums, memorial halls and other humanistic landscapes, to shape the personality of college students and improve their humanistic quality. For example, we will continue to hold various forms of humanities lectures, salons, culture and art festivals (concerts, parties, concerts, etc.). ), debate, etc. Enlighten students' thinking, strengthen their self-cultivation, broaden their horizons and improve their cultural taste; We should also vigorously advocate famous brand projects such as scientific and technological innovation activities, and cultivate the scientific subject spirit of seeking truth and the innovative subject spirit of individual perfect development for science and engineering students through the participation of teachers and students.