The purpose of engineering geological research is to find out the engineering geological conditions of the building area or site, analyze, predict and evaluate the possible engineering geological problems and their impacts and hazards on buildings and geological environment, and put forward measures to prevent and control adverse geological phenomena, so as to provide reliable geological scientific basis for ensuring the rational planning of engineering construction and the correct design, smooth construction and normal use of buildings.
Geology is a knowledge system to study the material composition, internal structure, external characteristics, interlayer interaction and evolution history of the earth, while geological engineering is an engineering means to investigate, evaluate and deal with the geology that people can directly touch.