A fire caused by illegal use of electricity
The power supply lines and equipment in colleges and universities are designed according to the actual use of students. But at present, there are many students' electrical equipment, such as computers, desk lamps, hair dryers, chargers, electric blankets, electric cups and so on. And many of them are illegally purchased, which leads to overload and heating of power supply lines and accelerates the aging of lines.
Then it caught fire
1, quick use
Hot-fast is the most commonly used illegal electrical appliance in students' dormitory, which does provide some convenience for students, especially for those who are far away from the water-drawing place, saving a lot of time. But one thing
Neglect can also cause great disaster. For example, in the process of boiling water, there is a sudden power failure, and some people forget to unplug the power supply, so that after the phone call, the water in the kettle is boiled dry, causing a short circuit and causing a fire; Others plug in quickly, go out to do other things or chat with classmates and forget to boil water, resulting in quick use.
Too long will cause an explosion, or ignite other flammable materials to cause a fire. There are also some because the use of inferior kerosene is fast, which is easy to cause fires. In May 2007, a girl's dormitory in a school, she
After quickly plugging in hot water, she asked her roommate to help pull it out after the water boiled. She went to the classroom to review the exam. As a result, my roommate went out to call her parents and forgot about it. After boiling the water quickly, it ignited the cardboard boxes on the ground and caused a fire. Two students were severely punished for this.
2. The phenomenon of disorderly connecting and pulling wires is serious.
Considering the load of school power supply lines, there are few power outlets in student dormitories. Due to the lack of social experience and discrimination ability, students are easily persuaded to buy inferior plug-in boards and connect wires privately, resulting in weak wiring or fire caused by wiring errors.
Step 3 Use high-power electrical appliances
In student dormitory, hair dryer, heater, electric cup, etc. All belong to high-power electrical appliances. Some students found that there were no mistakes after using it several times in violation of regulations, so they were lucky. As we all know, if you use high-power appliances for a long time without unplugging them, it is easy to overload the wires. Moreover, with the increase of current, the temperature of the wire core is also rising, which destroys the insulation layer of the line and causes short circuit and electric shock accidents.
Second, improper use of electrical appliances.
Some students like to make lampshades out of paper, which looks more artistic. However, for bulbs over 60W, it is easy to catch fire when baking paper for a long time, because the ignition point of paper is 130℃. If the charger is charged for a long time and covered with clothes, the heat dissipation is poor and it is easy to cause a fire. A student in a university dormitory put a desk lamp beside the bed.
Near the pillow towel and bedding, the desk lamp was turned on for a long time, which ignited the sheets and pillow towel. Due to the timely fire fighting, no casualties were caused, but the classmate's bedding was burned.
Third, smoking causes fire.
University is a place with a concentrated population and a large flow of people, and all college students are adults. Universities have no right to prohibit students from smoking, although smoking will seriously endanger their health. Experiments show that the burning cigarette has a high temperature, the surface temperature of the cigarette end is 200-300℃, and the center temperature is 700℃, which is common in life.
For example, the ignition point of paper, cotton and hemp is 150-300℃. If cigarette butts and ash are not handled properly, or cigarette butts are thrown casually, cigarette butts are not completely extinguished, and once they come into contact with combustible materials, it is easy to cause fires without anyone's attention. In 200 1 year, a student smoked after class in the computer room of a school, and threw his cigarette butt into the debris piled up next to him, which ignited the flammable materials in the debris, burned several computers and burned out the lines in the computer room, causing great losses to the school. From the above analysis, we can know that in the campus where we live, every unsafe behavior will not only hurt individuals, but also hurt students around us. We must take corresponding measures to reduce or even eliminate the occurrence of campus fires and create a harmonious and safe campus environment for teachers and students. The author puts forward his own three suggestions.
1, consciously abide by the safety management regulations of the school.
Maintaining campus safety is the responsibility and obligation of every student at school. In the dormitory, students should consciously abide by the school dormitory safety management regulations, and do not use high-power electrical appliances such as electric blankets, rapid heating and electric cups. But for chargers, computers and other things, pay attention to heat dissipation, don't unplug for a long time, they also need to "rest", and try not to use candles. When the dormitory is empty, pay attention to turn off the power and lights, and don't bring inflammable and explosive articles into the dormitory. Boys should not throw away cigarette butts or smoke in bed. In case of potential safety hazard or fire, report to the school in time, or call 1 19 for help. Work in a laboratory ......
What fire safety knowledge should primary schools pay attention to?
1 Check the circuit line 2. The canteen is a key area. 3. Routine inspection of electrical equipment. 4. Routine inspection of fire hydrants to see if the water pressure and water quantity meet the requirements. 5. Whether the fire escape is unblocked. 6. Whether the fire surface meets the requirements.
What are the precautions for school fire prevention in summer?
Precautions for school fire prevention in summer:
First, primary and secondary school buildings should pass the fire inspection or completion of fire inspection and acceptance for the record.
Two, the implementation of fire safety management personnel, regularly carry out fire inspection and inspection; Incorporate fire safety knowledge into daily teaching content; Security guards, teachers, canteen staff and dormitory administrators should know the fire danger of the place, report the fire, put out the initial fire, and organize students to evacuate.
Third, strictly implement the inspection and inspection system for the use of fire and electricity in collective dormitories; The storage and experimental operation of dangerous chemicals in the school chemistry laboratory should comply with the safety regulations.
Four, classrooms, libraries, gymnasiums, student dormitories, canteens, tables and chairs, and articles are strictly prohibited from occupying evacuation passages; The safety exits of halls, gymnasiums, classrooms and libraries are forbidden to be locked during use, and the safety exits of dormitories are forbidden to be locked after students go to bed; Fire doors should be intact and effective; Emergency exits and evacuation signs should be set in obvious positions, and emergency lighting should be kept intact and effective.
Five, indoor fire hydrant box water gun, hose should be complete, intact, it is strictly prohibited to be occupied or blocked; The type and quantity of fire extinguishers shall meet the requirements.
What fire safety knowledge should pupils pay attention to?
In school, we should mainly pay attention to the following points:
1, do not bring matches, lighters and other kindling into the campus, and do not bring inflammable and explosive articles such as gasoline and firecrackers into the campus.
2. When the experimental class needs to use alcohol lamps and some flammable chemicals, it should be carried out under the guidance of the teacher and in strict accordance with the operating requirements. Be careful to prevent the danger of using fire.
3. When cleaning, litter and other garbage should be buried deep or sent to the garbage dump. Don't take the method of ignition and burning, and don't burn waste paper at will.
When going out for activities, the environment is more complicated, so do the following in terms of fire prevention:
1, consciously abide by the fire safety regulations in public places.
2. Do not bring matches, lighters and other kindling and inflammable and explosive goods into forest areas, grasslands, nature reserves and scenic spots.
3. Consciously protect the fire control facilities and equipment in public places.
4. Consciously follow the fire prevention requirements, and at the same time supervise and dissuade others from behaviors that may cause fire hazards.
5, found abnormal situation, should promptly report to the teacher or related management personnel.
In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save oneself and escape, so as to reduce the loss of personal injury and death:
1. Once threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, and judge the fire according to the surrounding smoke, light and temperature, and don't act blindly.
2, in the bungalow, if the surrounding fire is not big, should quickly leave the fire. On the contrary, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window), or take protective measures (such as soaking clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with soaked quilts, etc.). ) before leaving the fire.
If there is a fire, don't blindly open the doors and windows, otherwise it may lead to a fire.
4. In the building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump off a building to escape, which will cause unnecessary casualties. You can hide in the bedroom or balcony, close the doors and windows, cut off the fire escape and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire.
In the burning building, you should not use the elevator to escape, but take the stairs through the fire escape. Because after a fire, the elevator shaft often becomes a channel for setting off fireworks, and the elevator may break down at any time.
6. If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear the sheets together) to the window frame, and then slide along the rope to the ground.
7. Try to take protective measures when you escape, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.
8. If clothes catch fire, you can take off your clothes quickly or roll around on the spot to put out the fire with your body. You can also jump into a nearby pool or river to put out the fire. In short, you should try to reduce the burn area of your body and reduce the degree of burn.
9. In case of fire, toxic gases harmful to human body are often produced, so it is necessary to prevent tobacco poisoning. Try to stay in the windward or protect your mouth, nose and eyes with a wet towel or mask to avoid toxic and harmful smoke.
Hidden dangers of school fire safety
First, improve the leadership mechanism and strengthen the awareness of prevention.
The school has set up a leading group for the investigation and rectification of fire hazards, with the principal as the leader, the class teacher as the team member and the office director concurrently. All administrative personnel are responsible persons, and they should be responsible for going to the office and going to work, carry out their responsibilities, and be responsible at all levels, and everyone is responsible. Teachers and students in the whole school should work together to create a safe, stable, civilized, healthy and harmonious educational environment. The faculty and staff of our school clearly realize that all kinds of hidden dangers still exist on campus, and after the old ones are eliminated, new ones will still appear at any time. While strengthening safety management, schools emphasize safety education and safety prevention. Adhere to the working principle of "to the border, to the end, and to the people in place", and do publicity and education, rectification measures, systems, responsibilities, inspections, and rectification in place when problems are found. In the management of key parts, the principle of "appointing people, positioning and assigning responsibilities" is adopted, and various safety responsibility systems are strictly implemented, so that the investigation and rectification of fire safety hazards can be carried out in a down-to-earth manner.
The second is strict investigation requirements and serious hidden dangers.
1, put fire safety in schools in a prominent position. In accordance with the requirements of the Education Bureau, strict campus fire prevention management and special rectification of fire safety were carried out. During the rectification period, the school carried out a comprehensive fire safety inspection, and conducted a comprehensive inspection of the leadership office, computer room, library, laboratory, classroom, office, newly-built teacher canteen, dormitory and other places with dense teachers and students, as well as electrical appliances, wires, fire-fighting equipment, fire water sources, etc., and quickly rectified the hidden dangers found. We have done the investigation without leaking rooms, classes, facilities and dead ends. Find unsafe signs and phenomena and correct them quickly.
2. Rectification content: There is no fire acceptance certificate for building facilities in our school, and there are no fixed fire-fighting facilities such as fire hydrants. Replace the defective sockets found in the inspection in time; Increase the number of fire extinguishers.
Third, strengthen safety management and safety education.
Schools can fully consider safety factors and implement safety precautions when organizing activities. In the teaching process, teachers can organize teaching activities scientifically, reasonably and seriously according to the characteristics of the subject to prevent students from injury accidents. According to the characteristics of students of different ages, the school actively explores effective forms of fire safety education and strives to enhance students' awareness of prevention and self-protection.
The fourth is to establish a long-term working mechanism for the investigation and rectification of fire hazards.
Organize forces to regularly check the school fire safety work, and timely rectify the problems and weak links found in accordance with relevant requirements. The responsibility, measures, funds and time for rectification should be well implemented in the rectification work. In the rectification, we must implement one link after another, leaving no dead ends. At the same time, the rectification work and prevention work are well combined to promote prevention. Establish a correct concept of development and the working policy of "ensuring safe, stable and coordinated development". Regularly check the links that are easy to cause accidents, and deal with hidden dangers in time for rectification.
Put school fire safety work in a prominent position, strengthen management and prevention, fully understand the arduousness and long-term nature of fire safety work, refrain from * * *, persist in making great efforts, make unremitting efforts, pay close attention to implementation, conscientiously sum up experience, enhance the predictability and predictability of school safety work, adhere to prevention first, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, and initially establish a long-term mechanism for school fire safety work.
What does school fire safety include?
First, organize fire safety inspection and management to eliminate fire hazards in time.
Local education administrative departments should organize all kinds of schools, kindergartens, nurseries and other units in the region to carry out fire safety inspections focusing on student dormitories (including off-campus student apartments), staff dormitories, canteens, laboratories, classrooms, libraries, conference rooms and other crowded places on campus, and urge the rectification of fire hazards. First, the installation, use and wiring of electrical products must meet the requirements of the state on electrical safety technology, and the privately connected electrical lines must be removed.
Two, strictly regulate the use of fire, electricity, gas and other fire safety management.
Correct students' illegal activities such as using electric stoves and liquefied gas tanks in dormitories.
Three, clean up the school personnel concentrated places blocking and occupying the debris of the evacuation passage, clear the obstacles set in the evacuation passage and exit, and keep it open.
4. Dismantle the fences that affect the safe evacuation and emergency rescue of the students' dormitory windows.
Five, school libraries, student dormitories, apartments should be set up fire emergency lighting and emergency broadcasting system, damaged to immediately repair, to ensure effective use.
Six, the school should use the summer vacation to transform the wires, telephone lines and network cables of the student dormitory. According to the number of people in the dormitory, each person is equipped with a suitable fixed socket for the convenience of students. Conditional schools can designate designated areas in dormitories, equip them with flame-retardant tabletops such as marble, and concentrate on using electrical appliances to reduce or prevent fires caused by the use of counterfeit and shoddy electrical appliances.
Seven, strengthen the hardware facilities.
Safe and effective fire-fighting facilities are an important guarantee for the personal safety of teachers and students and the safety of school property. Therefore, schools all over the country need to invest a certain amount of money every year to repair and update fire-fighting equipment, such as adding fire extinguishers and maintaining fire extinguishers. In addition, fire exits must be kept clear, and emergency lights and safety exit signs should be installed in student dormitories.
What are the precautions and requirements for fire safety evacuation of primary school students?
1, calm down: choose the best self-rescue plan according to the actual situation of the fire, and don't panic. Most fire survivors don't shout loudly, but choose the best self-help plan calmly and quickly according to the fire and room type, and get the best effect.
2. Smoke prevention and fire prevention: This is very important. When the fire has not spread indoors, close the doors and windows, plug the pores and prevent fireworks from entering. If the doors and walls are found to be hot, the fire is approaching. Never open the window or door at this time. You can block it with a soaked quilt and continue watering. At the same time, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel folded into eight layers. If you can't find a wet towel at the moment, you can use other cotton cloth instead. The smoke removal rate is 60% ~ 100%, and 10% ~ 40 can be filtered. In addition, we should bow our heads, stay close to the ground, try to leave the fire and avoid the poisonous smoke in the air.
3. Try to get out of danger: the residents at the bottom naturally have to make a dash for the door. If the fire in the corridor is not serious or there is no danger of collapse, the upstairs residents can wrap it with soaked blankets and non-plastic raincoats. And quickly rushed down the stairs. If the corridor is blocked by fire and cannot pass, you can use the rope edge to slide down the wall drain or jump off the balcony layer by layer.
4. Display distress signal as soon as possible: In case of fire, the call is often not easy to find. You can use bamboo poles to hold up bright clothes and keep shaking them. Red is the best, and yellow and white are also acceptable. You can also use a flashlight or throw clothes and other soft items that are not easy to hurt people out of the window, or knock on pots, basins and bowls.
Don't delay the chance to escape because of greed.
What are the campus fire safety knowledge?
Fire control work is a highly knowledgeable, scientific and social work, involving all walks of life and thousands of households, closely related to economic development, social stability and people's lives. Only by popularizing fire protection laws and regulations and knowledge of fire protection science and technology in the whole society, raising awareness of fire protection and enhancing the ability of prevention and fighting can fire hazards be effectively prevented and reduced.
Several common escape methods:
1. Make full use of the facilities in the building.
Escape Using the existing facilities in the building to escape is an important way to gain escape time and improve the escape rate.
(1) Use the fire elevator for evacuation and escape, but never take the ordinary elevator on fire;
(2) Use indoor smoke-proof stairs, ordinary stairs and closed stairs to escape;
(3) Use balconies, corridors, refuge floors, descending devices, life-saving bags, safety ropes, etc. Escape in the building.
What aspects are involved in fire prevention? How to do a good job in campus fire safety
(A) schools should further clarify their responsibilities and implement them.
Teaching departments and schools at all levels should pay attention to the fire safety work of their own units. Strive for development under the principle of safety, put solving fire safety problems in an important position, effectively increase investment in fire safety projects, complete fire equipment, and establish and improve fire safety management systems.
Fire is invisible, and the measures we should take should be prevention, so as to keep constant and cope with all changes. Schools are places where people are highly concentrated, and it is even more necessary to prevent problems before they happen. It is necessary to strengthen the school's awareness of prevention, rely on the joint efforts of teachers and students, and unify thoughts and actions. The relevant departments of the school should pay attention to combining the popularization of fire education with the improvement of fire equipment in specific work, and carry out fire safety inspection focusing on crowded places such as student dormitories (including off-campus student apartments), canteens, laboratories, classrooms, libraries, conference rooms, etc., and urge the rectification of fire hazards; The installation, use and wiring of electrical products must meet the requirements of the relevant national technical regulations on electrical safety, and the privately connected electrical lines must be removed.
Specifically, in the dormitory, students should consciously abide by the dormitory safety management regulations and do not pull wires indiscriminately; Do not use electric stoves, electric cups, rapid heating, rice cookers and other electrical appliances; Pay attention to the heat dissipation of heating parts when using lamps, chargers, computers and other electrical appliances; When there is no one indoors, turn off the electrical appliances and power switch; Don't use open flames in the dormitory; Don't burn things in the dormitory; Report to the manager or relevant departments in time when unsafe hidden dangers are found. When working in the laboratory, you must strictly abide by all safety management regulations, safety operation procedures and related systems. Before using the instruments and equipment, carefully check the power supply, pipelines, fire sources and auxiliary instruments and equipment. After use, carefully clean and turn off the power supply, fire source, gas source and water source. , and also remove debris and garbage. Especially when it comes to the use of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, we must pay attention to the fire safety regulations and operate according to the regulations. The remaining chemical reagents should be sent to the designated safe place for storage.
(B) to strengthen publicity and education, publicity and education will be included in the teaching content.
Strengthen publicity and education, and constantly improve the fire safety awareness of teachers and students. Schools should make use of cable TV, radio, fixed billboards in schools, etc. to regularly carry out fire safety knowledge education, or in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Protection Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), the administrative departments of education and labor will incorporate fire protection knowledge into the teaching and training content. Incorporate the fire safety education course into the normal teaching plan, organize all teachers and students to learn the fire protection law, let students know that everyone has the obligation to maintain fire safety, protect fire control facilities, prevent fires and report fire accidents, let everyone know the fire alarm telephone number 1 19, and everyone is familiar with fire prevention knowledge, self-help and safe escape skills. Offering special fire knowledge courses for students, so that students can understand the knowledge of fire prevention, fire fighting and self-protection. We should pay attention to the focus of education on daily fire prevention, so that everyone can be vigilant at all times and everything, and tighten the string of fire safety ideologically. The forms of fire safety education courses can be varied and flexible, and the following ways can be adopted: teaching by teachers, visiting and opening to the fire brigade station, organizing handwritten reports on fire protection knowledge, blackboard newspaper evaluation, conducting fire-fighting theme class meetings, fire evacuation drills, organizing officers and men of resident fire brigade stations to give lectures on fire protection knowledge, and holding fire-fighting knowledge competitions. Through the publicity and education of fire protection knowledge for teachers and students at school, the fire safety awareness of teachers and students at school can be enhanced to prevent fire tragedies from appearing in schools.
(three) to develop a fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan suitable for our school, and to institutionalize fire prevention training and evacuation drills.
Schools should formulate fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans suitable for schools. Schools at all levels and of all types shall conduct regular fire safety training and conduct fire fighting and emergency evacuation drills. This work can be organically combined with fire prevention publicity and education. Specifically, schools are required to give regular lectures and trainings on fire safety knowledge, escape training and watch fire warning films, so that students can understand school fire cases, understand the serious consequences of fires, strengthen their strong awareness of paying attention to and eliminating fire safety hazards, and know how to find fire hazards, eliminate fire hazards, escape from fire sites, and help others. In addition, schools should be urged to set up full-time fire safety teaching plans and organize fire knowledge training. Through training, school leaders can raise their awareness and change their practices, and at the same time improve the fire fighting quality of teaching staff, so that they can master more fire fighting knowledge and skills and impart more fire fighting knowledge to students, so as to achieve the effect that everyone learns fire fighting and everyone understands fire fighting.
(four) to ensure the investment of fire fighting funds, improve the basis of fire fighting. ......
What are the requirements for campus fire protection facilities?
The school is one of the key units of fire safety. Numerous fire examples show that once a school fire breaks out, it will not only affect the normal teaching and scientific research order, but also have a huge social impact. It is precisely because of the particularity of the school that campus fire prevention is particularly important. According to the characteristics of the school, the key parts of campus fire prevention are mainly student dormitories and laboratories. Due to the high density of students in the dormitory, there are many flammable items such as books, quilts, clothes and mosquito nets. Once a fire breaks out, it spreads quickly. Inflammable and explosive chemicals in the laboratory are concentrated, and a little carelessness will cause fire or explosion. Then, college students will live and study on campus all day from the day they enter school. What should they pay attention to in fire safety? 1. Don't mess up the wires in the dormitory. Because wires are connected with plugs and sockets in many places, it is easy to cause poor contact and spark. In case of combustible materials, it will lead to fire. Burying wires under bedding is more dangerous. If the wire heats up and the insulation catches fire, the consequences will be even more unimaginable. 2. High-power electrical appliances, such as electric teapot, electric stove and electric wok, are not allowed in the dormitory. Because they all rely on materials with high resistance to generate heat, the power consumption is high (800~ 1000 watts during rapid heating). If incompatible wires are connected, the wires will heat up and the rubber insulation will soften when electrified. Over time, overload operation will make. You can't smoke in bed. Because you smoke in bed, if you are not careful, the burning ash will fall on the bedding, which will directly cause a fire. Especially when people are tired or drunk, people often fall asleep before smoking, and fireworks out of control ignite combustible materials, causing personal injury or property loss. You can't read with a candle on. Because reading by candlelight at night, I will feel tired after a long time, and I can't help falling asleep with a book. At this time, once the candle falls or burns out, it will ignite the surrounding combustibles (such as books, desktops, mosquito nets, etc.). You can't make a lampshade out of paper. Because the ignition point of paper is 130℃, and the surface temperature of a 60W incandescent lamp is 140~ 180℃ under general heat dissipation conditions, which greatly exceeds the ignition point of paper. If paper is used as a lampshade, the surface temperature of the bulb will accumulate to a certain extent, which will cause the paper to burn. 6. You can't smoke in the laboratory. Because there are many inflammable and explosive articles in the laboratory, if these articles leak, smoking will detonate when it is ignited. Besides, the temperature of cigarette butts is very high, and its central temperature can reach 800 degrees Celsius. If you throw cigarette butts near dangerous chemicals or flammable gases and liquids (such as hydrogen and acetylene), it is easy to cause vicious accidents such as violent burning and explosion. 7. You can't charge your mobile phone or moped in the laboratory. Because there are many unqualified products in the current charger, if the charging time is too long, it is easy to be dangerous.