The specialty of building environment and equipment engineering is a newly established specialty in the new enrollment catalogue formulated by the Ministry of Education 1998, which is formed by the merger and reorganization of the original specialty of heating, gas supply, ventilation and air conditioning engineering and the specialty of gas transmission and distribution. Tsinghua University and Tongji University are the first famous universities to offer this major. As early as 1953, these two universities began to recruit four-year undergraduate students. Tongji University once had a building equipment college in 1952, and the architecture department had a two-year academic system. It is the embryonic form of HVAC major, and Tongji University began to recruit graduate students in the 1950s. In the early days of this major, Tsinghua University was a HVAC major, belonging to the Department of Civil Engineering, and later transferred to the Department of Thermal Energy. Tongji University was originally named as the major of heating, gas supply and ventilation, because it was the earliest major in the education system of the former Soviet Union and the earliest pillar major in the Department of Thermal Energy Engineering. The early influential institutions were Tsinghua, Tongji, Tianjin, Hunan, Chongqing Jianda, Xi 'an Jianda and Taiyuan University of Technology (commonly known as Old Eight Schools). At that time, a large number of outstanding talents emerged in this field, such as Professor Wang Buxuan from Tsinghua University, Professor Gu from Tongji University and Professor Zhao Qinglin. Internationally, this major was established in 1930s and 1940s. Famous universities include Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of California, Leningrad Institute of Architecture and Engineering in the former Soviet Union, University of Bochum in Germany, University of Liege in Belgium, etc. China mainly learned from these countries, but mainly imitated the former Soviet Union to establish this major.
In the early days of the People's Republic of China, this major experienced a historical process from emergence to growth. After several changes, this major gradually separated from the departments of power engineering, civil engineering, electromechanical engineering and architecture, and formed an independent major. From 1953 to 1966, it has sent batches of outstanding engineering research talents to the country and made great contributions to the construction of new China. At that time, urban central heating was difficult to achieve in a large area, gas was still in the development stage, people's requirements for the building environment were not high, and the professional scale was not very large. Generally speaking, each college only enrolls a dozen students. Tsinghua and Tongji have always been in the leading position in this major. Professor Chao Qing from Tongji University is an authority on this major. /kloc-0 went to the former Soviet union for further study from August 1957 to February 1958, which was the earliest international exchange of this major.
At that time, the famous universities were Tongji University, Tsinghua University and Harbin Institute of Technology.
Internationally, this major has developed very rapidly, which is reflected in the broadening of the field and the wider scope involved. This major has developed into comprehensive knowledge such as physiology, psychology, meteorology, ecology, urban planning, architectural design, sociology and aesthetics. , and tend to be interdisciplinary subjects. At the same time, the introduction of computer depth into this major is conducive to the development of this major into a very cutting-edge discipline.
In the new century, health, energy and environment have become three major themes that people pay attention to, and the building environment is closely related to equipment specialty and these three aspects. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection tomorrow, this major has important research and application prospects. From 65438 to 0992, the World Conference on Environment and Development has put the human settlement environment on the agenda, and the science of human settlement environment will become the general direction of the development of this discipline in 2 1 century. In addition to the original heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics, we need to master more and more knowledge about man and architecture, man and nature, including physiology, psychology, meteorology, ecology, urban planning, architectural design, sound and light, etc., and strive to create a suitable and healthy artificial hot and humid environment in buildings to meet the demand. Since the reform and opening up, the cooperation and exchanges between the discipline and the international community have become more and more frequent. They have participated in collaborative scientific research and some major international conferences, and introduced famous foreign professors, which has greatly developed the discipline, and the HVAC industry has also become an industry of common concern to all walks of life in the world.
Professional employment trend
This major mainly trains senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in the design, installation, debugging, operation management and special environment development of indoor environmental equipment systems and building facilities required by various departments of the national economy. Undergraduate graduates have HVAC, air conditioning, gas supply, building water supply and drainage system, building heating system design; Ability to install, debug and operate, ability to formulate building automation system scheme, and preliminary application research and development ability.