1
The spirit of exploration and creation
When it comes to AI (artificial intelligence), our first reaction is massive and fast data processing capabilities.
AI learns based on big data and reads 200,000 medical papers, which is a piece of cake for medical AI, but for doctors, it may not be finished in a lifetime.
In this sense, a medical student who has studied hard for five years is really not as good as a medical AI.
But the value of people is that they always have a natural curiosity about the unknown.
A child saw a piece of cloth and didn't know what was under it. He must open it. Seeing a door, the adults told him not to go, but to have a look.
Human curiosity may be the basis for future cooperation between human beings and AI. People will explore and discover the results for AI learning.
Career possibilities: research, development, innovation, creativity, explorer
2
The ability to feel beauty
When it comes to the ability to feel beauty, it doesn't mean that AI can't learn art. AI can even create according to the laws of art theory, such as writing poems or painting.
But beauty itself involves people's subjective experience, which is a very magical thing. So far, neuroscience cannot fully explain where these subjective experiences come from.
Because physically, all colors are just electromagnetic waves. There is no difference between 346 nm and 532 nm in nature, but our subjective reactions to these colors are different.
AI is a pure computer circuit, and electromagnetic waves of different nanometers will not make it happy or unhappy.
But from the perspective of evolutionary psychology, human beings have accumulated in this field for thousands of years. This is unique to human beings and a competitive advantage different from AI.
Career possibilities: artist, aesthetician, experiencer, beautiful life.
three
The ability of comprehensive understanding
Comprehensive understanding ability is actually the difference between knowledge and common sense.
Marvin Minsky, the "father of artificial intelligence", said in his "Emotional Machine" that one of the biggest differences between human beings and artificial intelligence is that people can put classified knowledge in a certain field into their common sense system, which can be called at any time and place in other fields, so that knowledge can be transferred and reorganized.
For example, "Beijing" in different contexts, in the article about Trump, "Beijing" may mean political economy; In an article related to Greece, "Beijing" may be a historical significance. This interdisciplinary common sense system is not available in AI at present.
When we learn a new thing, it is first in the shallow layer of our brain, and then it is pressed into the deep layer of our brain, which becomes our background knowledge, and this knowledge will produce many new connotations.
Some fragments will be given meaning by themselves, and we can tell some irrelevant things into a complete story. Some fragments are not really logically related, but are related in the meaning we give them.
We often have moments like this:
When I was young, I met a man who told me a sentence, a book, a book I read in middle school and a decision I made in college, so I can sit here face to face with you today.
It seems that there is a force that determines my existence today, but in fact, it is you who have strung these completely unrelated things together, and these twists and turns have created me today.
But if these things really have no clear logical connection, AI will not make this judgment, it will clearly tell you that these things are irrelevant.
But all of us need this meaning, and each of us lives by this meaning of self-telling and self-cognition.
Career possibilities: commentator, analyst, strategist, consultant.
four
Self initiative
AlphaGo is good at playing chess. In the future, artificial intelligence may be better than people in every field, but we will not be afraid because they listen to instructions.
When will we be afraid? That's when artificial intelligence wakes up, just like the plot in westworld.
You said, "Siri will check something for me." She said, "Wait a minute, I'm too lazy to look." At that time, people might be afraid: will it kill us one day if it doesn't listen to instructions now?
Will artificial intelligence wake up? Let's see when the awakening of human beings took place.
As many parents know, Terrible 2 is a disobedient period for children. Come-don't, go-don't, come out-don't, go out and play-don't. He said no to everything, saying no for the sake of saying no was a great awakening of human nature. He is aware of his existence.
But this awakening of human beings is related to our being a tangible body. If it is just a procedure, no matter how severe it is, there is no direct survival crisis, and it may never wake up.
In the future, it is also possible for human beings to start a business with an entire company's AI, but this self-initiative is still only a valuable trait of human beings.
Career possibilities: entrepreneur, leader, manager
five
Emotion and communication skills
Emotion and communication are people's yearning for the spirit and a sense of belonging to the group, that is, the communication between people is not just verbal communication.
The communication between human expression, eyes and body may be more important at this stage.
Language communication is becoming more and more convenient and cheaper, but at this time we will find that there are still some differences in offline communication.
Artificial intelligence may be able to formulate the best strategy. In the future, every company's AI may develop a good business model, so which project will do it? Maybe the human factor will be more important.
This team and another team can generate spiritual sparks, then the project can be completed.
Career possibilities: partner, socialite, communicator, mediator.
So, how to better cultivate these abilities through education? As a former "schoolmaster" and now a little girl's mother, what does she think is the most important content in education? After the speech, Bund Jun had the honor to have a more in-depth conversation with her.
B: Speaking of artificial intelligence, some people say that "we are already in the first year of artificial intelligence". Is this an accurate judgment?
H: Judging from the rapid development and ability improvement of artificial intelligence, it has indeed entered an era of rapid development.
Because some teams like DeepMind have good algorithms and fast iterations, artificial intelligence will develop rapidly. From this perspective, artificial intelligence may be in the first year of its own field.
But is the industry of artificial intelligence enough to affect our whole society? It may not be so fast, but it may take decades of development.
Like the industrial revolution, it had a great impact on the society at that time, but it took a long time to spread completely. But the influence of artificial intelligence may be reflected in various aspects in the last two decades.
B: Artistic ability is a very unique part of human intelligence. In your work "String Song", Iron Man invaded the earth, and the concert became a refuge for human beings to avoid the attack. From this work, we can see that you are very familiar with classical music. What kind of art education have you received? Will you let your children learn musical instruments?
H: Actually, I'm a layman in music. Even if I'm interested in listening, I haven't studied it deeply.
However, I have been studying cello for almost five years, starting with my undergraduate course, and then studying with a teacher in the middle school attached to China Conservatory of Music for two years, so I like music appreciation very much, but I am not professional.
I am in no hurry to let my children learn musical instruments. In fact, the most important thing in music is a perception of "listening" and a process of training your ears.
The finger itself is not so important, but the ear is more important.
So when the child is young, it may be to let her sing and dance; When she is older, let her listen to more things, including all kinds of natural sounds;
A little older will make her try to listen to some music, including pitch training and so on.
As for learning a certain musical instrument, I also want her to learn a little to see if she is interested.
B: Individualization and customization are a major feature of future education. I feel that your learning path has been quite personalized. To paraphrase an abused phrase, it may be that "economists who don't study physics are not good science fiction writers". Is your "cross-border" completely led by interests?
H: I have been thinking about problems since I was a child, whether it is science or social science, including literature.
So maybe from middle school, I just want to be a research-oriented person. When I was in middle school, I decided to take an interesting research direction as my career direction, so I chose physics.
I have always been interested in astrophysics, probably since the third grade of primary school, when I just read some extracurricular popular science books.
When I was in the third year of high school, I seriously considered the possibility of taking astronomical research as a career. I thought it was ok, so I reported it to the physics department.
I went to the Astrophysics Center of Tsinghua Department of Physics for consultation before the college entrance examination, and asked about what they studied there, and then I reported it.
I did go to graduate school after applying, and later I switched to economics, mainly because of the transfer of research interest.
In the process of studying physics, from statistical mechanics, dissipative theory and self-organization in physics to the study of social science theory, and then to sociology and economics, it gradually turned from natural science to social science.
From the junior year to the second year of graduate students, the study of sociology and economics has gradually increased in four years. By the second year, I want to study social science.
But I still chose quantitative economics, which is a study of relative quantification in the direction of social science.
After a turn, I don't think there is much conflict in research methods, because they all do data processing and data analysis, and deduce from some phenomena to the reasons behind them.
In my opinion, as long as there is such a methodological basis, in fact, it is almost the same to study any subject in detail.
Novel writing has always been one of my interests, and I have never given up. It is a relatively big pursuit.
However, I have always felt that novel writing is not a career pursuit, but a direction of emotional sustenance.
My definition of occupation is "you serve others", but writing novels is purely for my own service, so I have never considered becoming a full-time writer.
So far, I have been focusing on research, and I have basically not changed from studying physics to studying economics at the beginning.
When you were growing up, did your parents interfere with you much?
H: My parents don't have high psychological expectations of me. My mother really thought I could take one, and then asked me if you could take one. I think this should be no problem, so she felt that there was nothing to manage and let go.
Why should I do research for a living? Maybe it's because my parents never gave me any directions or expectations.
Probably from the first grade of primary school, parents completely let go of their "hands off" and never took care of their studies for a day.
When I was young, I was enlightened earlier, and I could do some independent reading very early. After the second grade of primary school, I have never asked my parents for help in reading.
All the books are found by myself, and all the directions and what I want to do in the future are decided by myself after groping, swaying, rubbing and colliding.
There will be a swing in the middle, but in the process of swinging, parents will not particularly intervene. I tossed and turned, and finally decided that doing research was suitable for me. After my doctor graduated, I chose a research job.
B: What do you think of parents' anxiety? Do you have any plans for children's education?
H: It is a social reality that there are not enough high-quality resources, but I think parents can actually change their way of thinking a little: How many high-quality resources do we see now? After 20 years, is this child still necessary for survival and employment?
Of course, going to a good school is good, but this is definitely not the only way out in the future.
Like our current era, there are many big V's, online celebrities and people in some emerging industries, who may not necessarily graduate from prestigious schools, and there may be more new opportunities in the future.
If a person has autonomy, the ability to learn independently and the consciousness of self-improvement, and knows what needs to be learned in the field he wants to engage in, then there will still be many opportunities for study and work.
Parents should cultivate their children's abilities more than anxiety.
When children are young, they will have some self-initiative, that is, some interest in playing.
These little flames in children's hearts are very valuable. Parents can help, promote and affirm a little, or ignore it. If they do this, these small flames can flourish and burn themselves, which may be better than the help of their parents.
Some parents may think that this small flame of autonomy is not quite consistent with what they have designed for him, so they will try their best to suppress their children's autonomy.
But in fact, people's self-play and self-study are the same thing, and both focus on one field.
If parents want their children to have autonomy, don't suppress their children's initial motivation to play and manage their own lives at the beginning, and then slowly guide them to put this initial motivation in some directions that they like and have greater pursuit.
The choice of direction is also important.
What parents need to accept is that not all the directions you guide, children can be interested in investing.
Therefore, although parents can guide, the real choice is to let the child do it himself, so that he will always be responsible for himself when he moves forward.
For my own children, I hope that 80-90% of them are found by her, and she can do whatever she likes, because the world belongs to her. I can't foresee what will happen to her when she grows up, and I can't make a decision for her.
In the remaining 10-20%, I hope she can have a little sense of civilization, have a sense of public morality and respect others.
Choosing civilization is a question of potential values. Even if others are uncivilized, you are civilized.
On the day of the speech, Hao pushed running all the way, a stroller, to the meeting place. During the speech, my daughter Qing Qing has been sleeping soundly on the edge of the stage.
After the speech, she took photos and signed autographs with enthusiastic readers, but she always glanced at her daughter from time to time.
In an exclusive interview with Bund Jun, she deliberately changed the direction of the stroller. "Let her find me as soon as she wakes up," she said.
In the matter of education, she believes in scientific parenting, but does not recommend overexertion. In the final analysis, those unique good natures of human beings are all natural and natural results.