Railway College of Central South University is the predecessor of Central South University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. In 2000, it merged with Central South University of Technology and Hunan Medical University to form Central South University. The strength is enhanced and the admission score is increased year by year. The school's admission score in 2023 was 5 points lower than that in 2022.

The railway campus is separated from the school headquarters by a river, with beautiful scenery and first-class facilities, and is known as "one of the most beautiful universities in China".