First, pay attention to the process.
American education pays more attention to the process, including after-class reading, classroom discussion, quantitative grading and so on.
American university teachers usually specify the reading content and even the number of pages in each class in detail before class. Students have to face a lot of professional book reading tasks and usual homework in class. If they don't finish the prescribed tasks before class, they will not only face great embarrassment in class discussion, but also greatly affect their final grades.
The course assessment methods of domestic universities generally pay more attention to the results, especially the courses of humanities, social sciences and arts. Most teachers usually just assign a thesis topic or creative homework in class, and don't take exams or collect homework until the end of the term, so the requirements during the course are very relaxed. Because the learning evaluation system relies too much on the score of the final exam and lacks "process management", students lack effective pressure in class, which is easy to form the study habit of relaxing and staying up late to cope with the exam on weekdays. However, American college students pay more attention to their daily study. By establishing an effective process quantitative scoring system and heavy homework, they are encouraged to be careless in their daily study, and few students have the energy to indulge in online games, online dramas or sleep late, thus effectively ensuring the depth and quality of their study.
Second, trust students.
The first characteristic of students in world-class universities is honesty. Stanford is one of the few famous universities in the United States that implement the "honor examination system". This system stipulates that there is no need for teacher supervision, and students fully trust it. During the exam, the teacher left the examination room after handing out the papers. Teachers far away from the office, move a stool to sit outside the examination room, and students come out to ask questions. The teacher near the office goes back to his office, and the students go to the office to ask the teacher if they are not clear. Students can bring anything of their own to the examination room, including exercise books, textbooks, dictionaries and so on. There are no restrictions, and they can put it anywhere they want, even next to their own test papers.
In the middle of the exam, students want to go to the toilet and even go outdoors to get some air. They don't need to ask anyone, and they don't need to make any registration. After the students finish their papers, they can leave on the table, and then the teacher will come to collect them. Many people will think, won't it be a mess? In fact, in an honest society, this practice is more stressful and terrible than having invigilators and cameras, which makes you feel that all the students around you are "invigilators" and any improper behavior will attract contempt.
Third, the "test" in the classroom ceremony
In American university classes, "sleeping in class", "not participating in speeches", "being late" and "watching mobile phones in class" will all be regarded as impolite classroom behaviors. American professors will think that this is a sign of disrespect for teachers and indifference to learning, and sometimes the consequences will be very serious, which will directly affect their usual grades. American university teachers generally don't call the roll in class or criticize students directly in class. The classroom order is mainly maintained by the curriculum grading system and the classroom etiquette formed all the year round. This kind of classroom etiquette culture is more effective than discipline.
In addition to these hidden classroom manners, there are some conventional classroom manners, such as homework lectures, thesis defense, graduation exhibitions and so on. Students will face great pressure in presenting their homework after class, because teachers usually invite many teachers of related majors and students of different grades to sit in on the stage, and each student will present his homework on the stage and accept the on-site defense.
Fourth, "professor's clinic"
Professors at Stanford University set aside two fixed hours every week to stay in the office and answer students' learning questions. There are often several stools at the door of the professor's office. Because students often come to ask questions, the professor can't receive them for a while, so he lets the students line up at the door to solve the problems one by one. This is an out-and-out "professor's clinic"!
In addition, the managers of world-class universities know that only skilled workers engaged in mass production can be collectively trained and mass produced, while high-end talents need to be polished and carved repeatedly. Therefore, small class education is implemented. I have counted the teacher-student ratio of several famous universities, including Harvard University, Stanford University, Princeton University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and California Institute of Technology. Their teacher-student ratio is generally around 1:5, plus graduate students, the teacher-student ratio does not exceed 1: 10.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) international vision+scientific frontier
World-class universities attach great importance to cultivating students' international vision and let them know the most cutting-edge problems of science as soon as possible.
First of all, let the world-class masters in our school stand in the front line of teaching, let the newly enrolled students get in touch with the world-class masters at zero distance, and eliminate the mystery, which is conducive to enhancing students' confidence and establishing lofty aspirations.
Secondly, encourage students to actively participate in high-level international conferences organized by the school. In addition to reporting their latest research results, these participants also discussed with you the most cutting-edge issues in this field. If a person can get in touch with these excellent scholars during his study and start thinking about the frontier issues of this subject, it will certainly be conducive to making revolutionary achievements in the future.
Third, the most outstanding scholars from other famous universities are often invited to give academic speeches. Many invited guests are winners of Fields Prize and Nobel Prize in a series of lectures given by Stanford Department of Mathematics and Department of Physics.
In addition, American universities attach great importance to the cultivation of students' vision and mind. The principal's speeches at the opening ceremony and graduation ceremony of famous schools reflect their teaching philosophy. On the occasion of graduation ceremony or graduation ceremony, these university presidents always bring out the most challenging problems in the world today, such as climate warming, energy crisis and so on, and encourage students to meet the challenges bravely.