The theory of industrial organization is mainly to solve the so-called "Marshall conflict", that is, the conflict between the scale economy effect of enterprises in the industry and the competitive vitality among enterprises.

The traditional theoretical system of industrial organization is mainly established by Chamberlain, Mei Sen, Bain and Scheler, that is, the famous theoretical paradigm of market structure, market behavior and market performance (also known as SCP model).

SCP model laid the foundation of industrial organization theory system, and the development of industrial organization theory of various schools in the future is based on the inheritance or criticism of SCP model. The theory of industrial structure mainly studies the evolution of industrial structure and its influence on economic development. It mainly studies the resource occupation relationship between industries and the hierarchical evolution of industrial structure from the perspective of economic development, thus providing theoretical basis for the planning and optimization of industrial structure.

The theory of industrial structure generally includes: studying the factors that affect and determine the industrial structure; Study on the evolution law of industrial structure; Research on industrial structure optimization; Research on strategic industrial choice and industrial structure policy: applied research on industrial structure planning and industrial structure adjustment. Industrial relevance theory, also known as industrial relevance theory, mainly studies the relationship between intermediate inputs and intermediate outputs between industries, which is mainly solved by Leontief's input-output method.

It can well reflect the intermediate input and intermediate demand of various industries, which is a main feature of industrial correlation theory that distinguishes it from industrial structure and industrial organization.

Industrial correlation theory can also analyze the correlation of related industries (including forward correlation and backward correlation, etc.). ) and industrial spillover effects (including industrial sensitivity and influence, ultimate dependence of production, employment and capital demand). Industrial layout is the basis of a country or region's economic development planning, an important part of its economic development strategy and the premise of its sustained and stable national economy development.

The theory of industrial layout mainly studies the factors affecting industrial layout, the relationship between industrial layout and economic development, the basic principles of industrial layout, the basic principles of industrial layout, the general laws of industrial layout, the orientation of industrial layout and industrial layout policies. The theory of industrial development is to study the development law, development cycle, influencing factors, industrial transfer, resource allocation and development policy in the process of industrial development.

The research on the law of industrial development is helpful for decision-making departments to adopt different industrial policies according to the law of industrial development at different stages, and also for enterprises to adopt corresponding development strategies according to these laws. From a vertical perspective, it includes industrial policy investigation (preliminary economic analysis), industrial policy formulation, industrial policy implementation methods, industrial policy effect evaluation, industrial policy effect feedback and industrial policy revision.

Horizontally, it includes industrial development policy, industrial organization policy, industrial structure policy, industrial layout policy and industrial technology policy. Judging from its functional characteristics, it includes order (or institutional) industrial policy and process (or behavioral) industrial policy. Universities with national first-class key disciplines of applied economics;

China Renmin University, Central University of Finance and Economics, Nankai University, Xiamen University.

National secondary key discipline universities of industrial economics (excluding national primary key discipline universities of applied economics);

Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Fudan University, Shandong University, Jinan University, Xi Jiaotong University, Beijing Jiaotong University, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics. The main contributions of ancient Greece in economic thought are Xenophon's economic theory, Plato's social division of labor theory and Aristotle's theory of commodity exchange and currency. Xenophon's On Economy discusses how slave owners manage family farms and how to increase wealth with use value. Xenophon attached great importance to agriculture, believing that agriculture was the best occupation of Greek freemen, which had an influence on ancient Rome and later French physiocratic economic thought. In the Republic, Plato investigated the necessity of social division of labor from three aspects: the theory of human nature, the principle of state organization and the production of use value, and thought that division of labor was a natural phenomenon necessary for human nature and economic life. This theory of social division of labor, although aimed at providing theoretical basis for his ideal country of slave owners, put forward a theoretical analysis of the social and economic structure at that time. This analysis is basically consistent with Guan Zhong's theory of "four points" in ancient China and Monk's theory of "learning agriculture is easy for all trades, and diligence can make up for the shortcomings". Aristotle's contribution to economic thought in Politics and Ethics is not only that he points out that every commodity has two purposes, one is direct use, and the other is exchange with other commodities, but also that the historical development of commodity exchange and the role of money as a medium of exchange show that money plays an equivalent relationship with all commodities, that is, equivalence relationship, thus becoming the first scholar to analyze the value form and monetary nature of commodities. However, starting from the principle of justice, he holds a negative attitude towards commercial capital and usury capital that pursue monetary wealth.

The economic thoughts of ancient Rome are partly found in the works of several famous thinkers such as Cato (234- 149 BC) and Varo (1 16-27 BC).

/kloc-at the end of 0/9th century, with the evolution of the object of study of bourgeois economics, they tended to demonstrate economic phenomena rather than pay attention to the analysis of national policies, and some economists changed the name of political economics. In the preface to the second edition of his Theory of Political Economy (1879), the British economist W.S. jevons clearly proposed to use "economics" instead of "political economy", thinking that a single word is simpler and clearer than a double word; Removing the word "politics" is also more in line with the object and theme of the research. 1890 A. Marshall published his Principles of Economics, which changed the long-used name of political economy from the title. In the 20th century, in western countries, the name of economics gradually replaced political economics.