The fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang.

Smart Judy

Looks like Zhu Yuanzhang

So I was loved by my father since I was a child. Zhu Xiao Dee had just turned ten.

His father made him the prince of Yan.

Eleven years from Hongwu (1378)

Zhu Yuanzhang sent governors to his own country one after another.

Thirteen years of Hongwu (1380)

Judy, 20, also moved to Beiping to close the country. Xu Da, the right prime minister at that time, was ordered to guard Beiping.

Xu Da is not only Judy's teacher.

And his father-in-law. Under the leadership of Xu Da.

Judy's military theory and martial arts have made rapid progress.

Under the strict professors of Xu Da and Judy,

Practice a good martial arts

Gradually revealed its outstanding military talent. Later, after the case of Hu and Aquamarine in the Ming Dynasty,

Almost all the founding fathers who followed Zhu Yuanzhang to create the Great Ming Dynasty were killed. The task of defending the north from Mongolian invasion

Zhu Yuanzhang can only give it to the second son of Qin, the third son of Jin and the fourth son of Yan.

Call them "Wang Sai".

of course

Judy didn't live up to her father's expectations.

He is not only good at martial arts.

And very witty. In the battle with the invading Mongolian army

Repeatedly built meritorious military service. Such as the twenty-third year of Hongwu (1390) in the first month.

Yuan's remaining troops marched south.

Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Judy and Wang Jin to lead troops north. Wang Jin is very timid

Judy put life and death at risk.

Leading Fu Youde and other generals behind enemy lines alone.

It is snowing heavily in March.

Many generals also advocate an immediate and unexpected approach to the enemy camp.

Forcing Yuan remnants to surrender without fighting. The good news reached the capital.

Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed. then

He was repeatedly ordered to recruit Yuan soldiers in the north.

There are many achievements.

Military power is getting heavier and heavier.

Great fame and prestige.

Zhu Yuanzhang made his eldest son, Zhu Biao, a prince, which aroused the dissatisfaction of all kings, especially the king of Yan State in Qin Jin. Twenty-five years of Hongwu (1392)

Prince Zhu Biao died of illness.

The three kings of Qin Jinyan all looked at the Crown Prince. In order to prevent kings from coveting the crown prince's position

Zhu Yuanzhang was determined to make Zhu Biao's son Zhu Jun the great-grandson of the emperor.

fast

The king of Qin and the king of Jin died one after another.

Judy's two powerful rivals disappeared.

The ambition to inherit the throne is gradually expanding.

After Zhu Yuanzhang's death,

The second arc k meridian of Zhu Yunshan, the emperor's grandson

Zhu Jun began to cut princes when he was deleting donkeys. After some planning,

Decided to behead the five kings of Zhou, Qi, Xiang, Dai and Min who committed illegal acts first.

Cut off Judy's hands and feet

Then cut it off. Zhu Yun teased and was forced to cut down the vassals.

Ordered to behead the king of Zhou, the king of Min, the king of Dai and the king of Qi.

Become a civilian

Xiang Wang set himself on fire and died.

After hearing the fate of the five kings

Judy, who was already ready, tried to avoid Zhu Yun's brakes.

So play the fool.

Playing the fool, hanging his hair all day.

Run wild in the street

Yelling. Sometimes I take other people's food on the street.

Eat it

Sometimes lying in the ditch on the street.

I can't spare a few days. After Xie Gui and others heard about it,

I came to explore in the name of greetings. It was midsummer.

The sun is shining violently.

Very hot

I saw a stove in Yan.

Burning flame

Judy sat next to him.

Wear a sheepskin coat

Still shivering with cold

He is still shouting cold. When they talked to him,

Judy is full of nonsense.

People don't know why. Zhang Hexie said.

Look at each other.

I'm leaving now. Who knows that Ge Cheng, an official of Yan State, told the secret report: "The prince of Yan pretended to be ill."

Don't be deceived by him. "After two people smell.

shilly-shally

Peiping, who is good at fooling around and his confidant, has instructed Zhang Xin to try to arrest him.

At this time, Zhang Xin hesitated.

Go home and tell your mother about it.

Mother said, "You can't do that.

I heard that the prince deserves the world.

The king will never die

Can you catch it alone? "Zhang xin weighed the interests.

Decided to tell Judy. He changed into casual clothes.

In a woman's car

Sneak into Yan Wang Mi

The news that the emperor arrested Judy.

Someone reported to Judy, the prince of Yan.

Judy immediately killed Xie Gui and others.

And in the autumn of 1399.

Under the pretext of "Jun Qing"

In the name of "Jingnan"

Rising from the south. The famous "Jingnan War" broke out in history. After Judy formed an army,

Defeat the 300,000 crusaders led by Geng Bingwen.

Li Jinglong, Zhu's bad sister, led 500,000 troops to war. When Judy heard about it,

He couldn't help saying, "In the past, Emperor Gaozu used soldiers as gods."

You can only lead a hundred thousand troops.

Li Jinglong, this boy.

Empty stomach, blind arrogance

Give him 500 thousand people

This is suicide. "

Judy intends to hand over the responsibility of sticking to Peiping to her son Zhu Gaochi.

I led the troops straight to Yongping Daning.

When he left, he deliberately evacuated the defenders on the Lugou Bridge.

To further seduce Li Jinglong. Li Jinglong didn't know it was a plan.

I heard that Judy has led his troops to rescue Yongping.

Sure enough, I hurried straight to Beiping. When the army crossed the Lugou Bridge,

Li Jinglong saw that there were no soldiers guarding him.

Then he said quietly in the sky, "Don't guard this bridge.

I don't think he can do anything. "Then ordered the army as Peiping at the gates.

Zhu Gaochi strictly abides by his father's orders.

I can't hold on.

Liancheng women were also mobilized to participate in the war. The troops under the command of Li Jinglong.

But the orders were lax.

Although there are many people.

But they are all people who are afraid of death. Only Governor Qu can dare to fight well.

He led his son and the vanguard.

Go straight to the gate of Zhangye. At the critical moment when victory is in sight.

Li Jinglong, who is narrow-minded, is afraid that Qu will win the first prize.

Not only did not send reinforcements.

Instead, he ordered a slow attack. This gave Yan Jun a breathing space. Zhu Gaochi ordered the soldiers to splash water on the wall overnight.

cold

A thick layer of ice will form in an instant. When Li Jinglong led the army.

We have lost our soldiers.

Judy defeated Yongping's Liaodong army.

And designed to break another important town Daning. After assembling a large number of troops,

Send troops to Beiping

Cooperate with Zhu Gaochi, the eldest son who sticks to the city.

Defeated Li Jinglong's army at the gates. Li Jinglong took the lead in escaping.

Run back to Texas overnight. The soldier saw that the commander had escaped.

They all escaped.

Soon, Li Jinglong assembled 600,000 troops to the north.

Fighting Judy in Baigou River.

The result was another fiasco.

Judy led the army in pursuit of deserters from Li Jinglong.

Destroy it in Jinan.

Zhu Jun lost all his stupidity. AD 1402

Judy leads an army.

All the way like bamboo.

Occupy Zhenjiang

Prepare to attack the capital.

Judy rejected Zhu Jun's stupidity.

Lead an army to the capital city.

Gu Wang and Li Jinglong, who were guarding Jinchuan Gate, opened the door to meet the enemy.

The capital was broken. Zhu Jun is a fool.

A three-year battle for the throne.

Finally, it ended in Judy's victory. AD 1402

Judy acceded to the throne and proclaimed herself emperor.

It's for Ming Chengzu.

After Judy acceded to the throne

First of all, the old ministers of Wen Jian Dynasty were executed one by one with cruel criminal law.

Even wiped out three families. After Judy ascended the throne, Jing Qing became an old minister.

The assassination of Judy failed.

Judy skinned it.

Hanging on the city gate

Kill Jing Qing's family.

And implicate the neighbors.

Even the village where he was born was cut into pieces. This unprecedented cleaning

History books call it "Guaman Copying"

Thousands of people were killed.

At the same time, some rebellious old ministers were brutally suppressed.

Judy promoted and reused all the heroes who followed him to win the championship.

And restore the original titles of Zhou, Qi, Dai and Min kings.

But when the rules are consolidated,

Or will other kings, including these four kings, abolish or deprive them of their military power under various excuses? Stupid to Zhu Jun.

As long as you can join in sincerely.

Judy also uses it selectively. After this

Judy began to lighten the criminal law.

Stop killing indiscriminately.

In order to change the terrorist tension caused by the indiscriminate killing of the minister as soon as possible.

During the reign of Emperor Chengzu in the Ming Dynasty

Learn from Wen Jian

A series of important measures have been taken to strengthen centralization.

The first is to form a cabinet. After Judy acceded to the throne

Form a cabinet. Cabinet members are usually called cabinet ministers.

Also known as Diange University. Yongle period

Cabinet members can not only discuss with the emperor calmly.

It can help the emperor read newspapers. besides

Cabinet ministers have another privilege.

That is, it can be "revealed" to the emperor.

In other words, informers.

This invisibly raises the value of the cabinet. Ming Chengzu let Jie Jin, Hu Guang, Yang Shiqi and Yang Rong enter Zhiwenyuan.

They are all from the Hanlin Academy.

Although the official level is only five.

But they are all very talented. Ming Chengzu attached great importance to them. This can be seen

The cabinet set up by Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty was equivalent to the secretariat of the Imperial Palace.

Its power cannot be compared with that of the former prime minister. but

Its setting is very important for promoting the operation of the whole bureaucratic machine.

It has played a positive role in strengthening centralization.

The second is to cut the princes. Judy seized the imperial power through "captaincy" and "Jingnan".

I am well aware of the threat posed by the excessive support of the captaincy to the central imperial power. After he acceded to the throne

deceive the public

Stabilize the situation at that time

Get the support of the kings

Immediately restored by Wen Jian cut off the title of king, and give a lot of rewards.

But a few months later,

He sought charges.

Deprived the captaincy in succession.

The establishment of the East Factory is the third move of Ming Chengzu to strengthen centralization. After Emperor Ming Taizu ascended the throne, he restored the Royal Guards, a spy agency set up by Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty. Eighteen years of Yongle (1420)

Ming Chengzu also established a spy organization-Dongchang.

In the hands of eunuchs, Dongchang and Wei Jinyi are collectively called the factory guards. Ming Chengzu health care agent factory is widely used.

They spy on officials and people everywhere. From the Prince to the Prince, Xu.

Down to ordinary officials and ordinary people are under the strict control of spies.

Even these spies who spy on others are under the surveillance of other spies. Ji Gang, commander of the Royal Guards in the Ming Dynasty, was in flames.

Everyone seems to be under his watch.

I didn't expect anyone to watch him. The monitor confided Ji Gang's guilt to Ming Chengzu.

Ming Chengzu immediately killed Ji Gang. visible

No matter who has deviant behavior

Will soon be known by the supreme ruler.

It is really pervasive.

After the vassal regime

How to strengthen the military power in the north

In case of foreign invasion. After careful consideration, Judy

Decided to move the capital to Beiping. Beiping is Judy's birthplace.

Moreover, it is close to the northern border defense, and there are heavy troops in the camp.

Yongle four years (1406)

After that, Judy did not hesitate to kill some ministers who opposed moving the capital.

Ordered the construction of Beijing Palace.

Rebuilding the old city of Beiping.

In the 18th year of Yongle (1420), the project was completed. In this year.

Judy announced that starting from next year

Take Beiping as its capital.

Change Nanjing to stay in the capital. In the spring of the 19th year of Yongle (142 1)

Judy is officially heading north.

After Judy acceded to the throne

At the same time, strengthen imperial power and create a stable and United political situation.

Economically, Zhu Yuanzhang continued the policy of recuperation, reclamation and frontier defense.

Strive to restore social production.

"Jingnan" Three-year War

The vast fields north of Huaihe River.

Weeds are overgrown/blocked/spread

Desolation and decline. Judy has taken a series of measures.

Strive to revitalize the agricultural economy. The victims who moved to ten counties such as Suzhou and nine provinces such as Zhejiang have enriched this area. Areas severely damaged in the "Jingnan" war

* * * Also distributed to cattle and farm tools.

Help them resume production as soon as possible. meanwhile

Judy also took severe measures.

Punish corrupt officials

Restrict the development of Buddhism and Taoism

Relief for the victims of zhèn.

Due to the vigorous implementation of these measures

The agricultural economy of Yongle Dynasty has made new development than that of Hongwu era. Pay special attention to the development of scientific and cultural undertakings.

Pay attention to the collection and collation of cultural classics.

July of the first year of Yongle (1403)

Judy ordered Jie Jin to organize the compilation of Yongle Dadian. He demanded that "the contents of the book should be carefully prepared."

Since writing, there are hundreds of sayings about classics, history, philosophers and collections.

Even words such as astronomy, geography, yin and yang, medical divination, Buddhism and Taoism, and skills should be collected.

Don't get tired of being numerous. "According to the purpose of Judy.

More than 3000 people have been mobilized.

It took four years.

Finally, this 22,937-volume book was completed.

About 370 million words, it was the largest task of compiling a class of books in the world at that time. Judy was very satisfied after reading it.

Give the name "Yongle Grand Ceremony". Yongle Dadian collected a large number of documents from pre-Qin to Ming Dynasty.

It has played an important role in preserving and sorting out ancient cultural classics in China.

Objectively, it has made great contributions to protecting the cultural cause of the motherland.

In foreign relations

On the one hand, Judy attracts foreign envoys to China for trade.

At the same time, send their own missions abroad.

Visit a foreign country. Among them, the largest.

The most far-reaching influence was the Yongle period.

Zheng he's great feat of seven voyages to the west.

For this large-scale diplomatic activity

Judy has made careful preparations in many aspects. Five years of Yongle (1407)

Judy ordered the opening of "Eight Pavilions" in imperial academy.

Cultivate and bring up talents who are familiar with foreign languages and domestic minority languages.

At the same time, Judy also ordered the construction of a large number of ships along the coast of Fujian. In the five years of Yongle alone, 749 seagoing ships were built. These ships are very big.

It is about147m long.

It's about 60 meters wide.

Can take more than 1000 people. Organize a qualified task team. In addition to the soldiers, Zheng He's team

There are also various administrative and logistical personnel.

Such as medical officers, documents, translators, craftsmen and so on.

Everything is available.

Yongle three years (1405) July

Zheng He led a voyage team of more than 27,800 people.

With a lot of silk, porcelain, iron, cloth and adequate rations.

Daily necessities, etc

Take 62 treasure ships.

Set sail from Liujiagang (now Liuhe Town, Taicang, Jiangsu).

Zheng He's fleet made its maiden voyage (now Vietnam).

Then go south to Java and Sumatra (now Indonesia)

Then sail west to Manciga (now Malaysia) and Guri (now southern India) and other countries. Cross the Straits of Malacca and continue westward.

As far away as the Persian Gulf coast and southeast Africa.

Since then.

Zheng He experienced three dynasties: Yongle, Hongxi and Xuande.

29 years.

Seven western

It has been to more than 30 countries and regions. No matter which country they go to,

As an envoy of the Ming Dynasty.

Declare the imperial edict to the local king.

Propagandize the majesty of Emperor China. Give a gift from Emperor Judy to a local king or head of state.

Express the establishment of diplomatic relations

Sincerity in developing friendly relations between the two countries

And invited them to visit China. Trade with local government.

I bought many ivory, pearls, corals, spices and other items from various countries.

Be warmly welcomed by the local people.

People call daming fleet a "treasure ship".

Zheng He obeyed Judy's orders.

Sail west

This was a feat in the history of world navigation at that time. Zheng He's voyage to the Western Seas declared the national prestige.

It has greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural exchanges between China and Asian and African countries.

It has enhanced the friendship between people of all countries.

After Zheng He's voyage to the West

Kings, heads of state or envoys of many countries

Visit China.

Establish diplomatic and trade relations.

Jurchen people who have lived between Baishan and Heishui since ancient times.

It is an ancient nation.

For the ancestors of Manchu people in China. pre-Qin period

Jurchen's name is Su Shen.

Sui and Tang Dynasties were also called H (mü hé).

Female is really the name after Liao Dynasty. The first year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1403)

That is, Xing Shu and other envoys were sent to Nuergan area to make a letter. The leaders of Nuzhen ministries joined in succession.

Kaiyuan set up a horse market

Trade with Haixi and Jianzhou. meanwhile

Issue a permit to nuzhen chief

You can go to the designated place to do business every year. For the Nuzhen leaders who came to participate in the horse market trade,

Judy also ordered local officials to hold a feast of pigs and sheep.

As an encouragement. therefore

The whole Yongle dynasty

Jurchen all pay tribute on time.

People of all ethnic groups live in harmony.

Friendly communication.

Due to the slow economic development in southwest China.

Some places are still in the era of slavery. These places have long practiced the toast system.

That is, the use of local ethnic elites to rule.

Sir, hereditary. Ming Chengzu abolished hereditary toast.

Appoint floating officials with a certain term as local governors, prefectures and counties, etc.

Change indirect rules into direct rules. Established Guizhou Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

After this

Guizhou became one of the thirteenth secretaries. Its establishment promoted the transformation of local backward production relations.

It has improved the social conditions of the broad masses of workers.

It has played a positive role in promoting local economic development.

besides

Ming Chengzu effectively managed and operated the northwest region and the South China Sea Islands. Through the management of the border

It has not only strengthened its ties with the former and the mainland.

Promoted the development of the frontier.

But also for the prosperity of a unified multi-ethnic country.

Made a positive contribution.

Judy has made positive contributions to the development of Daming's relations with neighboring ethnic groups.

But for hostile countries or vassal countries, it is definitely a military conquest.

After Yuan Shundi fled to Mobei,

Yu Hongwu died in Yingchang (now northeast of Duolun County, Inner Mongolia) in the third year (1370). Mongolian nobles gradually split into three parts: Tatar (Dada), Wala and Wuliangha. Among them, Tatars are the most powerful.

Often invaded the Ming dynasty border. Judy repaired it at the same time

Let the leader of each Mongolian tribe become king.

Give away gold, silver, cloth, food and other items; On the other hand, active defense.

From Jiayuguan along the Great Wall into Liaodong to Yalu River.

Nine frontier towns have been established successively.

The so-called nine faces These nine military fortresses are all equipped with elite troops.

Resist the invasion of Mongolian nobles from the south.

February of the seventh year of Yongle (1409).

Judy sent a special envoy to Tatar to communicate with him.

But the envoys were killed by the Tatars. Judy was furious.

In July, Qi Huangong Qiu Fu was sent as a general to conquer Tatar.

However, due to Qiu Fu's underestimation of the enemy,

65,438+100,000 troops were wiped out in the Luku River (now the Krulun River). The news reached the capital.

Judy was furious.

Decided to personally lead the army north.

The eighth year of Yongle (14 10) spring.

Judy led the Northern Expedition.

Xia Yuanji, Minister of Life and Family, stayed in Beijing.

Pick up the salary. I personally led an expedition of 500,000 people. May

The troops went to Luanhe River. Benya lost his mind and dared not engage in it.

I fled to the south river in the north. Judy sent his army to kill him.

The two armies fought on the banks of the Wannan River. Judy led the army to charge and kill the enemy.

Defeat the enemy. Benya lost his livestock.

Only seven people escaped when riding across the river. This personal adventure

This dealt a heavy blow to the Tatar army.

Make it dare not invade the south for a long time.

After Judy's first successful northern expedition to Tatar,

And four personal expeditions to Mobei. Judy launched several campaigns against Mongolian aristocrats.

On the one hand, it effectively defends and combats its invasion.

But it does consume a lot of manpower, financial resources and material resources. The third expedition

Only transport grain and grass.

With 340 thousand donkeys

The expedition had little effect.

finally

Judy became ill because of overwork.

Died of illness during the expedition.

Judy died at the age of 65.

22 years in power

He worked hard all his life and attached importance to Sang Ma.

Pay attention to development diplomacy

Strengthen border defense

There are many achievements

But for those who oppose him, it is insidious and cruel.

This forms the other side of his character.

In a word, he was a rare wise monarch in the Ming Dynasty.

monarch