Interview is a convenient and effective communication method and skill in public relations activities. It is beneficial to the leadership of the organization.
Or other personnel face the information transmitted to the public and recover all kinds of information fed back by the public in time, especially for the convenience of continuously accepting the "interference" of all kinds of feedback information on the spot while releasing information, and quickly.
It is necessary to adjust the information to be released and the angle of release in time, actively influence the public relations activities of the organization, and make the public and the organization exchange opinions, communicate with each other, influence each other and promote each other in a more harmonious atmosphere.
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Talking about this form can give full play to the interview ability of organizational leaders, so that their agile thinking, profound knowledge, sophisticated insight and interesting and beautiful expressive force can be presented to the public at the same time, forming a unique side.
Charm. While impressing and conquering the public with passion and talent, we should persuade the public artistically, induce the public to unite and strive for progress in a direction conducive to the organization. Interview is an effective way to enhance the transparency of organizational work.
The interview format is very flexible and available at any time. Frequent interviews are conducive to regular two-way communication and information exchange between organizations and the public, and are conducive to finding contradictions and problems in time and solving them in the bud.
(A) the writing requirements of the interview outline
1. Exercise and get familiar with the public.
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The outline should be written before the formal public interview, which is the basic guarantee for the success of the interview. The basis of writing an interview outline is an in-depth investigation and understanding of a specific public, such as their mentality and their reality.
Interests and related requirements, possible problems and the scope of problems involved. , should be thoroughly and carefully understood. On this basis, formulate various questions (simulate public questions), and then follow the
Write down the main points of answering the above questions in the interview. In this way, we can overlap and echo the questions raised by the public at the scene to the greatest extent, and it may be a feasible interview outline.
2. The outline is more than enough.
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Generally speaking, the outline is only reserved for the interview. Therefore, the answer to the simulation questions can only be based on the outline, clearly point out the main points through the items, form an outline by linking the main points, and let the main points dominate the interview.
Scope, which is the main feature of the interview outline. Only in this way can you handle the interview with ease and ease. The interview outline can't be written into a specific interview on the spot, and the interviewer can't predict the specific situation of the scene and the public.
Therefore, all specific questions should only be marked according to the project, so as to cover and guide the scope of public questions and their answers as widely as possible. Change with constancy, and prepare the scene with outline.
Use, which requires active interviewers to pay attention to improvisation, fully mobilize their coping potential, improvise on the basis of the interview outline, be sensitive, flexible and eclectic. (www.qb5200.com and on the spot.
The basis of tension and exertion lies in in in-depth investigation and study at ordinary times and efforts to predict in advance. For people who are interested in public relations, the interview outline is always in their own minds, and it is usually well thought out.
For a long time, I was able to "be calm in every interview" without panicking on the spot and calmly answering.
(B) the writing of the interview outline
The interview outline first requires that all kinds of simulation questions obtained through investigation and prediction be drawn up, that is, questions that the public may ask. These problems should be classified and arranged together according to categories. In each category, they are arranged from deep to shallow and from big to small.
Then think about these problems one by one. If you are mature enough to answer questions, you don't need to write a written outline. For those questions that are not sure to be answered well, or can only be answered by looking for relevant information, we must write the key points on the outline, and it is best to briefly indicate the key points and their main information or sources with serial codes.
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Attention should be paid to the following points in the outline: ① The main points of answering questions must be marked immediately after answering questions, so as to answer questions on the spot. (2) In the outline, it is best to mark the key and important figures involved in detail.
Ming, in order to interview accurately and reliably. (3) In the interview, questions and matters that are never allowed to be answered, if you are not sure about them, you must mark them in the outline. For example, within the scope of their duties, business
Main tasks or basic work in communication, etc. (4) During the interview, key questions, common sense questions, key points and matters that are never allowed to be avoided, roughly answered or "looked around" must be answered in detail.
Mark or strengthen your memory in the interview outline and keep it in your mind. For example, a person in charge must have cultural common sense, social axioms, legal provisions and related definitions, concepts, policies, measures and other provisions.
Fan: Outline of interviews with people.
I. Respondents
Tan Junnan, 34, ningbo net, China, is the network editor of Ningbo Daily Newspaper Group and graduated from Zhejiang Normal University. He just graduated and is a middle school teacher. He used to be the editor of Ningbo Mobile Newspaper, and now he is the network editor of ningbo net, China.
Second, the purpose and theme of the interview
Teacher Tan is my summer internship teacher and has certain interview value and possibility.
My major is network communication. Tan Jun is an emerging media communication teacher and works as a network editor in ningbo net, China, which corresponds to my major.
Objective: To understand the future development prospect of network communication,
Subject: Understand the work content of the online editor of Ningbo Daily, and know what preparations you need to make during your college years, so as to lay a solid foundation for your future entry into society.
Iii. Information Collection of Respondents
Talk/chat/talk (about [something]) (with [somebody])
Nan Jun 34 China ningbo net Ningbo Daily Newspaper Group Network Editor
I just graduated as a middle school teacher, but I don't think there is any innovation in this profession. I need to do the same thing every day, which is not caused by my own interest. So I happened to have a job in Ningbo Daily, so I went to interview the network editor of Ningbo Daily.
As an editor of Ningbo Mobile Newspaper, you need to work night shifts five days a week. A few years later, I am now a network editor in ningbo net, China. He has worked in Ningbo Daily for six years, and this year he will complete his lifelong event-June165438+1October.
Marriage.
Fourth, organize clues to form the main content of the interview.
Teacher Tan is a new media worker, so we can discuss his views on various new media. Understand the daily work of network editors.
First, let's say that he is familiar with his college life to facilitate the next interview, then ask him how he got the job in Ningbo Daily, and then talk about some other problems. You can also ask his fiancee to make the interview less boring. Finally, we can ask him what preparations we college students need to make.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) design problem
1, how did you find this job?
2. Is this job your ideal job? Or, do you think it has something to do with your hobbies?
3. What do you do at work every day?
4. What professional skills do you think this position needs?
5. What other basic professional qualities are needed?
6. You used to be the editor of the mobile phone newspaper. What do you think of this?
7. Can you briefly introduce the mobile newspaper?
8. Do you think the mobile newspaper industry has great prospects? ,
9. I heard that there is an interaction between your website and ningbo evening news. What do you think of this?
10, do you feel pressure in this media industry?
1 1, what difficulties may you encounter in doing this job?
12, what is the biggest challenge?
13, what is your most successful job?
14, what is the salary of this job?
15, what do you think of the development prospects of this industry?
16 by the way, the news edited by your website is run by a team of professional journalists. After their interview, they collect all the valuable news in your place, and then you choose them and put them on the website.
17, as a senior media worker, what do you think you should do to prepare for the media work in the university in the future?
18, what is the concept of emerging media?
19, please explain your attitude towards the media industry.
20. Finally, can you give us some advice and guidance on study or employment?
Problems in the practical application of intransitive verbs
Interview time: 2011September 23rd.
Interview location: meeting room on the third floor of Ningbo Daily Newspaper Group
Interview method: face-to-face interview
Possible situations and solutions: 1, coordinate Teacher Tan's time,
2, the recording equipment is not complete enough, to solve the problem of making subtitles in the video.
Fan Wener: Interview Outline
Preparatory work:
Look for clues, collect information, and draw up a perfect interview outline (rough) [more time]
Note: be good at asking questions; Why and how to explore.
That is, first of all, identify the hot and difficult issues that the audience is generally concerned about (whether the subject matter of the report is accurate, keen and far-sighted is directly related to the success or failure of in-depth reporting) [having a keen sense of smell for real life and a wise grasp of social dynamics].
Case: China Youth Daily's Freezing Point is a column that is good at in-depth reporting. Those seemingly cold news events are just the "tip of the iceberg" of social hot and difficult issues for some time. Through hard investigation and study, journalists found the right subject matter in the messy and trivial clues.
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Second, do a good job in collecting and analyzing background information.
The background of news events generally includes: supplementary historical materials, materials showing the relationship between things, materials providing the necessary experience of characters, data facts and so on. Collect and analyze these background materials for in-depth reports and interviews.
The preparatory work is very important, which has a far-reaching role in promoting the whole reporting process, including helping reporters get interview opportunities, quickly enter the interview role, and gain the trust of the interviewees.
Case: In order to interview Dr. Kissinger exclusively, CCTV reporter Shui Junyi analyzed Dr. Kissinger's personality characteristics on the basis of preparing a large number of relevant background materials, and then directly contacted Kissinger's office for an interview. He also explained the benefits of Kissinger's interview to the office staff, and finally let Kissinger accept an exclusive interview.
Finally, draft a comprehensive, in-depth and clear interview outline. The interview outline is the embodiment of journalists' logical thinking and thinking level. A good interview outline can help reporters strengthen their confidence, stay calm in the face of adversity, take the initiative in the interview and make the interview get perfect results.
Case: Du Junfei mentioned in the book Principles of In-depth Reporting that Lalu Gilland, a professor of journalism in Nevada, USA, had put forward an auxiliary formula for designing an interview outline, which had certain guiding significance. He reminded reporters that when designing problems, the following specific issues should be involved:
Goals-What are your (or your organization's) goals?
Obstacles-Do you have any problems? What is the current resistance?
Solution-How do you deal with these problems? Is there a solution to the contradiction?
When did this idea begin? Whose opinion is it based on?
Of course, the drafting of the interview outline also has a great relationship with the reporter's own interview habits and communication methods, but it is more important to ensure the uniqueness, accuracy, coherence, creativity and fascination of the question.
Questioning skills
After all, the interview is nothing more than a lively and thoughtful conversation. Specific questioning skills include:
1, get to the point and get to the point. This method is to ask some difficult and closely related questions at the beginning, and then expand them into more general questions. Suitable for interviewing people who are good at words, quick thinking and confident. Cut to the chase will make the other person feel that you are frank and efficient, and cut to the chase will make the other person feel that you know what to do and are worth talking to.
2
From shallow to deep, ask questions and explore unknown details. There are many sharp questions in in-depth reports, which sometimes inevitably make reporters run into a wall, and so do the interviewees.
Stiff, hesitant, unable to get to the point, or deliberately refusing, evasive, perfunctory. This requires reporters to have the perseverance and skills to ask questions. Some broad topics can be used to ease the atmosphere and gradually introduce positive ideas.
Title; Or beat about the bush, trace back to the source, and lead to unknown details.
3. Inductive questions will lead to vivid and convincing dialogues.
In leading questions, the interviewee should be sensitive and willing to argue, while the reporter should grasp the opportunity of conversation and induce the other party to give a positive answer with tone, intonation or wording. There will be inductive problems.
What kind of result depends on the harmony between the reporter and the interviewee. Because leading questions can easily make the conversation uncompromising, but as long as a harmonious relationship is maintained, unexpected things may occur.
The truth.
4. Moderate silence.
Silence is also an important skill in in-depth reporting, because most of the questions in in-depth reporting are targeted, targeted and exclusive, and it is necessary to leave time for the interviewee to think and explain the questions. A clever memory
Interviewers generally don't interrupt the interviewee, so they may get information that they can't get directly. Keeping a straight face is sometimes just as effective. Mike wallace, a famous American TV host, said: "
I find that the most interesting thing in TV interview is to ask a beautiful question, and then you will be silent for three or four seconds after the other person answers, as if you are still expecting more answers from him. Do you know what will happen? The other party will think
I'm a little embarrassed to tell you more. "
Case: be good at observing and listening, and capture the facts that can't be revealed in the interview question and answer. Ai Feng reminded all reporters "don't forget to bring your eyes and ears when interviewing". We emphasize observation and listening, because in-depth reporting and interviews require the full commitment of journalists. Many little-known truths and precious news facts are perceived by journalists by mobilizing all their senses, including their hearts.
(1) Choose a suitable perspective for detailed observation. This perspective may refer to a macroscopic and holistic perspective to grasp the relationship between things; It may also refer to the reporter's personal feelings and thoughts; It may also refer to the microscopic perspective when observing on the spot. In short, the correct perspective and careful observation will enable journalists to obtain accurate, direct and distinctive information.
(2
To be a careful listener, Kuang Yunmiao put forward in Contemporary News that a reporter, especially an experienced reporter, should be the best listener, not a chatterbox. Indeed, be good at listening.
Journalists tend to get rich results more easily and communicate with interviewees more easily. The fleeting news clues and the implied meaning of the interviewee will be discovered because of your intentional listening. The understanding of news facts may be
Will be closer to its true colors.
Interview requirements
1. Appoint the time and address;
2. If there is any change, make a second plan;
3. Drafting the interview content, including the preparation of questions;
4. Understand the background of the interviewee and collect information in advance;
5. Have a certain understanding of the history of CUHK (including Kangyuan and Shipai) beforehand;
6. Ask the interviewee in advance whether they can record and take photos;
7. Grasp the theme during the interview (try not to digress) and control the time;
8. Interact with the interviewee during the interview;
9. Pay attention to your own expression and speed, and speak clearly during the interview;
10. Ask questions in time when you encounter unclear places in the interview, and absolutely avoid subjective fabrication and addition;
1 1. After the interview, you can ask if you can provide relevant information;
12. Send some gifts to express gratitude;
13. Send the completed interview draft back to the interviewee, and ask him to have a look and make appropriate amendments;
14. Send a copy of the final publication to the interviewee and thank him again.