Classical Chinese is the crystallization of ancient people's thoughts and wisdom, the concentration of traditional culture, and the best in the treasure house of literature. It records the track of historical development, displays the inside information of traditional culture and exudes the fragrance of humanistic spirit. Middle school students reading more classical Chinese can not only increase their language reserves and improve their composition layout ability, but also increase their knowledge of history and culture, enhance their humanistic quality and improve their aesthetic appreciation ability. Specifically:
Learn ancient Chinese and enhance your ability to use it. Classical Chinese handed down from ancient times are mostly model essays with both literary quality and beauty, with rich and implicit meanings, delicate language, concise colors and figurative metaphors. For example, Zuo Zhuan, Historical Records, and Li Bai's poems are fresh and elegant. Middle school students often read China's classical poems, and some subtle fixed phrases and philosophical sentences will naturally enter their language library. In a subtle way, students' language will naturally enrich their images. Furthermore, the ancient people's attitude towards language "language is not surprising and never stops" is bound to affect middle school students, so that they will gradually develop a good habit of scrutinizing words and expressions, and maybe they will "get two sentences every three years, cry twice" or "sing a few stems", which should be "beneficial and harmless" to modern Chinese writing. Many modern and contemporary literary masters, such as Lu Xun, Mao Dun and Feng Jicai. The familiarity, sharpness, profundity and sophistication of the language of his works may also benefit from his constant reading interest in classical Chinese for many years.
Learn the idea of ancient Chinese and improve the level of composition. When writing articles, the ancients attached great importance to the layout and integrity of the articles. There are cleverness in ups and downs, truth in implication, prudence in simplicity, and image in simplicity. Some "set up a film with points and areas", taking the full text as a whole, such as Xun Zi's "Persuading Learning" and Su Xun's "On Six Kingdoms". Some twists and turns, such as Pu Songling's "Promoting Weaving" and Sima Qian's "Hongmen Banquet". Some use scenery to write feelings, such as Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection and Su Shi's Red Cliff Fu. Some people regard the small as the big, such as Zuo Qiuming's The Battle of Dishes, Liu Zongyuan's The Snake Catcher, and so on. Ancient poetry and prose provide excellent writing examples and exquisite conception skills for middle school students. Middle school students often read, think quickly and write like a spring. Over time, their writing level will naturally have a qualitative leap.
Learn history and culture, and increase the accumulation of humanities. Classical Chinese is an important carrier of China traditional culture. Middle school students reading more classical Chinese can stimulate their enthusiasm for loving and inheriting the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Can you not marvel at the exquisiteness and strangeness of the tortoise shell skeleton? Facing the Great Wall stretching across Wan Li, can you not be proud? In the face of Qin Huang Hanwu's great achievements, can you not be excited? Mr. Ye Shengtao once said: "An educated person must understand the inherent culture in principle in order to carry it forward. Otherwise, it is like grass without roots. If it doesn't grow, it won't be education. " How to understand "inherent culture" and "carrying forward the past"? Needless to say, you can't do without reading a lot of classical Chinese. Reading classical Chinese is a means of inheriting cultural heritage. Only by reading more books can we gradually understand the inherent charm of classical Chinese and the profoundness and long history of China's traditional culture, thus truly inspiring national pride and the sense of responsibility to pass on the culture to the end. Didn't the young writers who wrote the excellent composition "The Death of a Red Rabbit" in the college entrance examination benefit from the story of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms? Didn't it benefit from the nourishment of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation?
Learn from the conduct of the ancients and improve their moral quality. Sages in ancient Chinese are of great benefit to improving students' comprehensive Chinese literacy and perfecting their personality. From Confucius, who is "a threesome, there must be a teacher", to Han Yu, who is "diligent in his career and barren in frolicking"; From Li Shangyin's Spring Silkworm to Death to Su Shi in Ao Shuang; From Meng Jiao, who "broke the mirror without changing the light", to Li Qingzhao, who "lived as an outstanding figure"; From Zhuge Liang, who devoted himself to death, to Wen Tianxiang, who left his heart in history, his words and deeds are shining with eternal glory, which often makes people feel excited and awe-inspiring, admire the lofty righteousness of the ancients, think about their feelings, purify their hearts in a subtle way, and improve their literacy in a silent way. "Chinese New Curriculum Standard" points out: "The rich humanistic connotation of Chinese curriculum has a profound influence on students' spiritual field, and students' reactions to Chinese materials are often diverse. Therefore, we should pay attention to the influence of Chinese and the value orientation of teaching content. " Teachers are required to "pay attention to improving students' moral cultivation and aesthetic taste, so that they can gradually form a good personality and a sound personality". Therefore, the improvement of middle school students' moral quality can not be separated from reading a lot of excellent articles, but also from reading classical Chinese, which plays an indispensable and irreplaceable role in shaping students' personality and improving their aesthetic taste.
2. The benefits of reading classical Chinese composition 600 Since primary school, we have been exposed to classical Chinese, but at that time we just shook our heads like "young monks chanting scriptures". Only after I really started learning classical Chinese did I feel deeply.
In classical Chinese, I saw the back of Tao Yuanming's "picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely". I didn't go along with the secular, but kept my inner peace and yearned for a paradise where I enjoyed myself, which made people's hearts fade again and again and indulged in "the fairy capital of desire". Ancient literati also left many beautiful scenery in their pen and ink. Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges" and Tao Hongjing's "Thank China Book" truly reproduce those thrilling beauty for us. Clear water and clear pools, towering mountains, all seemingly beautiful beyond words, but really printed on white paper. Classical Chinese is a picture with words, and all the pictures are also displayed in words. Complement each other, so that the original dull heart is immediately set off by a sentence of "painting with words."
However, no matter how exquisite the language of classical Chinese is and how profound the artistic conception is, it still makes people feel difficult to learn.
Perhaps in order to accumulate, almost every article in the textbook has to be memorized. After all, the writing rules and usage of classical Chinese are different from those of vernacular Chinese, and sometimes it is very difficult to read, let alone recite. One more thing, although there is a saying of "essence and concentration", there are too many things to be expressed in "short and pithy" classical Chinese. After reading it several times, I still don't know whether it is lyrical, depicting scenery or belittling the times.
Whether it is beautiful or difficult, it is also interesting. Sometimes I see a word "zhi" here, which means "something", but it doesn't make sense in another place, so I immediately think of another explanation. After repeated several times, I realized several laws. Sometimes I can read a classical Chinese by myself, alas! Very interesting. The thinking of prose focuses on appreciating emotion; Try to figure out the novel from the details; The interpretation of drama focuses on contradiction analysis; The thinking of poetry focuses on artistic conception. Although the ideological connotation of classical Chinese is difficult to understand, you can find the beauty of the text with a little inspiration, and you will also sigh: the beauty of ancient Chinese and the elegance of ancient rhyme are beyond your reach. There are also many anecdotes about pastoral interests. As long as you use three or five strokes, you can vividly draw a colorful historical picture, either humorous, profound, simple or bold. In short, classical Chinese can make people gather more in the nursery of words, and sometimes even linger.
Classical Chinese, "Let me rejoice and let me worry". When I study classical Chinese, I feel much more pleasure than confusion. Five thousand years of splendid culture is embodied in these words, which are meaningful and often make people feel deeply.
3. Seeking meaning, everywhere and the author of this ancient prose. Yes, I want to know you. I will live a long life. I want to know you, and I want to live a long life. There are no graves in the mountains, rivers and mountains are exhausted, there is Lei Zhen in winter, and there is rain and snow in summer. Heaven and earth are in harmony and dare to separate from you! This poem is a love poem. It symbolizes the firmness and eternity of love. ② refers to the sky. Shang Xie: Jude said, "Oh, my God". This sentence refers to the sky as an oath. ③ Know each other. 4 destiny: make, make. From the sentence "live a long life", it is said that we should not only "know each other with you", but also make this acquaintance last forever. I won't break up with you. It is a love song in rap written by Han Yuefu, and it is an infatuated woman's deep confession to her lover. It is very ingenious in art. After the hero in the poem takes the oath of calling for heaven, he bluntly wants to "know the monarch and live long" and turn ink from the perspective of "not dying with him", which is more affectionate than sticking tiles. The hero envisions three things. "Thunderstorm in winter, rain and snow in summer"-the four seasons are reversed; "Harmony between Heaven and Earth"-Returning to the chaotic world again. These ideas are even more bizarre and impossible to happen. This emphasizes the hero's unswerving love, thus fundamentally ruling out the possibility of "parting with you." This unique lyric way accurately expresses the unique absolute psychology of people in love. Deep feelings and whimsy are indeed "short chapter miracles."
4. Ten Benefits of Learning Classical Chinese: Zhejiang University once conducted a survey on college graduates, and one of the questions was: Which course do you think is the most useful in college Chinese course? The result was unexpected, and "Ancient Literature" ranked first. Most graduates believe that "ancient literature" can enhance their sentiment and temperament, and even directly affect their work performance.
Learning classical Chinese can appreciate the beauty of culture. Some classical Chinese (including ancient poems) in middle school Chinese textbooks are well-known masterpieces, which are exemplary and representative in terms of ideological content, emotional factors, artistic skills and language forms. They can directly cultivate middle school students' self-cultivation and improve their cultural quality, which is conducive to becoming an elegant person in the future. A person with a certain foundation in ancient literature will have appropriate expressions and actions in practical work, and it is easier to get close to success. It makes people full and not frivolous.
Understanding the relationship between ancient and modern vocabulary and expanding language knowledge, modern Chinese and ancient Chinese come down in one continuous line. For example, learning classical Chinese can help us understand the origin, exact meaning and evolution of idioms, and we can also use idiom vocabulary accurately. Therefore, learning classical Chinese can make our language concise and lively, and improve our reading ability and expression ability.
Learning classical Chinese can improve the ability of language use and form your own creative style. Many great modern writers in our country, because of their profound classical literature accomplishment and language accomplishment, flexibly use fixed words, phrases or sentence forms in classical literature, thus forming their own unique style and becoming literary masters.
Learning classical Chinese can learn from the writing skills of famous ancient writers. Poems written by ancient writers have their own characteristics in conception, conception, drawing materials, cutting materials, using allusions, planning articles, layout, wording and sentences, narration, description of characters, lyricism, analysis and expression of things. Ancient writers paid special attention to the artistic conception, structure and language of articles, and tried to learn from ancient masters by studying classical Chinese, which helped to improve their literary accomplishment and writing style. China's influential literature is well versed in China's ancient literature.
The culture of any country has a foundation, and the cultural background of China begins with ancient literature. Learning classical Chinese and reading ancient Chinese can expose people to China's temperament. Classical Chinese records the ancient cultural heritage of our country. If you don't understand classical Chinese and ancient literature, there is no way to inherit, absorb and develop. Students can read China's ancient articles with simple reference books. We can understand the poems of the Han and Tang Dynasties, and even understand the articles on Oracle bones and bamboo slips. However, if the British want to understand the original Shakespeare printed more than 300 years ago, they have to rely on thick reference books to understand it. It is not easy for middle school students to understand it.
Middle school students have good image thinking, abstract thinking has been formed, and their memory ability is at its peak. Now is the best time to learn classical Chinese, and we must not miss this golden stage of learning classical Chinese.
Of course, there are advantages in learning classical Chinese. All aspects of classical Chinese are based on reading, so we should first cultivate a sense of reading language in classical Chinese, such as learning English.
China is an ancient civilization with a long history, and our ancestors left us rich cultural wealth. Chairman * * * once said that we should adopt an attitude of "making the past serve the present" for ancient culture. When we study classical Chinese, we should master the methods and inherit the ancient cultural heritage.
There were many excellent historians and writers in ancient China. They have written many works, all of which are of high value. Reading these works can inspire our patriotic feelings. For example, Wen Tianxiang in the Song Dynasty said, "No one has died since ancient times, so we should keep an open mind." Lu You's "Sleeping in a lonely village is not mourning for yourself, but thinking about defending the country."
Poetry has been passed down to this day. When the ancients wrote, they paid great attention to layout and composition skills.
It can be said that writing is painstaking, and Jia Dao has the allusion of "deliberation". Therefore, some ancient chapters can not only edify us with literature, but also help our writing.
Therefore, we should not only learn classical Chinese, but also learn it well, so as to inherit the ancient cultural heritage and truly make the past serve the present.
6. What is classical Chinese? It is more beneficial to write books. The original text is from Wang Mian and Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle (1), steal (2) the school house and listen to the students' endorsements; After listening, (3) recite it. Going home at dusk, forgetting the cow, my father is angry (4). As good as ever. Mother said, "My son is so stupid, why don't you listen to what he does?" Because the crown is gone, I live by the monk temple. Night diving (6) sitting on the Buddha's lap, holding the strategy (7) and reflecting the ever-burning lamp to read it, Lang Lang Da Dan (8). Buddha statues are all clay figures, and their faces are hideous (9), crowned with children, if Tian (10) doesn't know. (Song Shi Xue's Anthology)
Note (1) Grazing: Grazing livestock. (2) Stealing: sneaking around, sneaking around. (3) do something: always (often), just. (4) Tart: Hit people with whips, sticks, etc. (5) Hey: Why? (6) Stealth: furtive, quietly. (7) implementation: holding a book. (8) Da Dan: In the morning, until dawn. (9) hideous and horrible: ferocious and horrible, (10): Tian: look safe and indifferent.
Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father told him to herd cattle on the ridge, and he sneaked into the school to listen to the students. After listening, I always remember it silently. When he came home at night, he forgot all the cows he was grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and gave Wang Mian a good beating. After that, he was still like this. His mother said, "The child is so obsessed with reading, why not let him?" From then on, Wang Mian left home and stayed in a temple. At night, he sneaked out and sat on the Buddha's lap, holding a book in his hand. By the light of the ever-burning lamp in front of the Buddha, the sound of reading was read until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are clay sculptures, all of which are ferocious and frightening. Child as Wang Mian is, he seems to be watching.
(1) [Original] 12 years old, Sun Xin always knew Ouyang Wenzhong (3) and tried to ask him in words. As a cloud, there is no other way (⑤) but to study hard and do more and work hard by yourself. The world suffers from writing less, being lazy to read, and publishing another one, that is, begging others, so few people stand out. 8 Don't blame others, you can see it yourself. " This attempt to publicly accuse people is particularly interesting. [Note] ① This article is selected from Su Shi's Dongpo Zhi Lin. ② Age: the beginning of the year ③ Ouyang Wenzhong Gong: refers to Ouyang Xiu, Wenzhong is his posthumous title, and Gong is a respectful name ④ Taking the opportunity ⑤ Operation: Method ⑤ Work: Being good at ⑤ Success; 8 defects: shortcomings 9 accusations: pointing out mistakes.
At the beginning of a certain year, Sun Xin met Ouyang Xiu and took the opportunity to ask him about writing an article. Ouyang Xiu said: "There is no other way. Only by studying hard and writing articles often, you will naturally make progress; " The problem of the average person in the world is that there are few opportunities to practice calligraphy and they are too lazy to read books. Moreover, after an article is written, it is required to surpass others immediately and rarely succeed. The shortcomings of the article do not need to be pointed out by others, but can be found by more practice. "Ouyang Xiu told others about his experience in writing articles, so (I think) it is particularly meaningful. Study hard and write more articles to improve the quality of articles. There is no other way. Su Dongpo, a great literary master, has a great talent and enjoys a good reputation in ancient and modern times. He can also attach so much importance to the successful experience of others and take it as a lesson, which shows that he is rigorous and diligent in his studies. From this, it gives us a great lesson: the quality of the article is closely related to the laziness of reading and the number of practicing pens.
Lu Youren, Su Zimei, has a wild personality and likes to drink. At Uncle Du Qigong's house, I study at the speed of a bucket every night. The public is deeply suspicious of this, which makes the children's secrets. I read the biography of Zhang Hanliang until "Liang and the guest attacked Qin" and accidentally got into the bus. He clapped his hands and said, "What a pity! I missed it. " Then drink a big mouthful of white. Read again until "Liang said,' I will wait for you from the beginning, and today I will give it to your majesty. ""He said to Keith, "it's hard to meet a monarch and a minister. "Give me a big picture. When the public heard this, they all laughed and said, "With this kind of wine, there can't be too many fights. "
Su Zimei is an uninhibited person who likes to drink. When he was in the home of his father-in-law, Du Qigong, he read every day (he drank while reading) to the limit of drinking a bucket. Du Qigong was deeply suspicious and sent his younger generation to secretly inspect. Are you listening to Mei read Han Shu? Zhang Liangchuan, (when he) read that Sean and the assassin attacked Qin Shihuang, and the big iron cone thrown by the assassin only hit Qin Shihuang's auxiliary car (this paragraph). He suddenly clapped his hands and said, "What a pity! Missed it. " So he drank a large glass of wine I also saw Sean say, "Since the Xiapi uprising, I met the emperor in Chenliu, and God sent me to see your majesty." (Su Zimei) struck the table again and said, "It's hard to meet the monarch and the minister." Have another big glass (of wine). Du Qigong laughed and said, "It's not too much to drink like this."