Contemporary college students shoulder the important mission of inheriting and developing the great cause of the nation, and the cultivation of college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability is related to the development of the times and the social trend. The following mainly introduces the factors affecting the quality of college students' entrepreneurship and the significance of cultivating college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability, hoping to help you!
The significance of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship 1 China's higher education is gradually moving towards the trend of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", which is not only the trend of social development, but also the guidance of national policies. As contemporary college students, they are a dynamic group in China. If we lose the spirit and ability of innovation, the whole nation will lose the motivation of development. As Mr. Liang Qichao said in "On young chinese", "Young wisdom is the wisdom of the country, and young wealth is the wealth of the country; A strong teenager makes the country strong, and an independent teenager makes the country independent. Juvenile freedom is national freedom, and juvenile progress is national progress. " As the cradle of cultivating socialist builders, colleges and universities should not only provide entrepreneurial guidance to college students, but also pay attention to cultivating their entrepreneurial spirit.
First, the internal factors affecting the quality of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship
The quality of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship is the quality of college students' behavior and style of innovation and entrepreneurship, including thought, character and understanding. The quality of innovation and entrepreneurship reflects a comprehensive quality of students, which needs to be measured quantitatively according to the degree to which students combine the theory they have learned with the actual environment. The core elements of college students' innovative and entrepreneurial qualities are: innovative spirit, entrepreneurial awareness and entrepreneurial ability.
(1) The spirit of innovation requires students to have the ability to comprehensively use existing knowledge, information, skills and methods, the thinking ability to put forward new methods and ideas in the process of learning and creation, and the uncompromising will, confidence, courage and wisdom in invention, reform and innovation, and to achieve certain beneficial results.
Innovative spirit is an inexhaustible motive force for the development of a country and a nation, and it is also a quality that a modern person should have. As a new generation of entrepreneurs, college students generally have higher academic qualifications. If they can closely combine their professional skills with entrepreneurial activities and apply what they have learned, they will be unique in innovation. Therefore, college students' innovation and entrepreneurship education should focus on cultivating their innovative ideas such as skepticism, critical spirit and divergent thinking, so that our college students can find a new way on the road of innovation and entrepreneurship.
(2) Entrepreneurial awareness is a powerful internal motivation for people to engage in entrepreneurial activities, a personality factor that plays a driving role in entrepreneurial activities, and a driving system in the quality system of entrepreneurs. Including the needs of entrepreneurship, motivation, interests, ideals, beliefs and world outlook and other psychological components.
Entrepreneurship consciousness dominates the attitude and behavior of entrepreneurs in entrepreneurial activities, and it is also the basic quality that college students should have. It not only requires college students to have the spirit of daring to explore, be diligent in thinking, be good at thinking and be brave in undertaking, but also requires them to have a strong sense of responsibility and dedication, be able to grasp the new opportunities in the era of innovation, meet the challenges of the new employment situation, treat their work with entrepreneurial consciousness and demand themselves with entrepreneurial style and quality. Therefore, we should strengthen college students' entrepreneurial awareness, do a good job in guiding entrepreneurial practice and guide students to be proactive.
(3) Entrepreneurial ability refers to the ability to discover or create a new field, understand and create new things (new products, new markets, new production processes or raw materials, new methods of existing technology organization), use and develop them in various ways, and then produce various new achievements. Therefore, the level of entrepreneurial ability requires not only rich knowledge and experience, but also keen observation and accurate memory, as well as certain creative thinking, and even strict requirements for a person's psychological quality, emotion and will.
However, college students are better at using lateral thinking and divergent thinking, and have a sharper foresight of the development process of things. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the cultivation of college students' awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship and guide them to combine subjective awareness with objective reality in the process of exploration and development, so as to make targeted discoveries.
Second, ways to cultivate the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship
(1) Pay attention to personality education and cultivate innovative consciousness.
Because personality development and entrepreneurial quality go hand in hand to a certain extent and cannot be distinguished by numerical or quantitative measurement, it is necessary to organically combine personality development and entrepreneurial awareness of college students in the teaching process. On the basis of fully carrying out personality education, we should explore educational methods that are conducive to cultivating students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability, and provide educational guidance for the cultivation of innovative consciousness and innovative and entrepreneurial behavior. Guide students to form a sound personality, fully develop their innovative ability and cultivate their innovative consciousness.
(B) improve the quality of teachers and optimize the structure of teachers.
Cultivating college students' awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation requires a team of high-quality teachers. A group of high-quality entrepreneurial talents with entrepreneurial passion and innovative mind are indispensable for colleges and universities. Encourage college teachers to learn independently, improve themselves, and cultivate and stimulate their innovative potential. At the same time, you can learn some excellent experiences. And according to the actual needs, hire outstanding social entrepreneurs or students who have successfully started their own businesses in our school to serve as part-time teachers in our school. The combination of theory and practice of professional teachers and part-time teachers can not only make up for the talent gap of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, but also greatly enhance the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of full-time teachers, thus optimizing the teaching staff.
(C) to create an entrepreneurial atmosphere and promote entrepreneurship education
In order to carry out entrepreneurship education on a large scale and cultivate high-quality entrepreneurial talents, colleges and universities must create a campus environment with a strong entrepreneurial culture atmosphere, strive to combine campus culture with professional construction, guide students to combine creative thinking with practical ability, and at the same time integrate entrepreneurship education into campus culture construction, organize students to participate in various innovation and entrepreneurship competitions and carry out entrepreneurial practice. Combined with the professional characteristics of the school, an innovative and entrepreneurial course with certain characteristics is formed.
Third, the significance of cultivating college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability
(A) In the new social form, the cultivation of college students' awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship is the most important social issue related to college students' employment. In recent years, the number of college graduates has gradually increased. However, the number of jobs provided by the society has not increased with the increase of the number of graduates, that is, the demand exceeds the supply. Many college students are facing the embarrassing situation of "adventure island", and their upward trend has not been effectively curbed. However, the cultivation of college students' innovative ability is influenced by the international financial crisis and the national delayed retirement policy. At present, the employment situation is increasingly severe. As a high-knowledge group, college students have good internal foundation and conditions for innovation and entrepreneurship, and can play a good leading and driving role in national entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is of great significance to help some college students with entrepreneurial intentions to enhance their innovative ideas, clarify their entrepreneurial goals, and master the professional knowledge needed for entrepreneurship, so as to make them stand out in the future competition.
(2) Cultivating college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability is the need to adapt to the rapidly developing modern society. At present, with the rapid development of society, the market competition for high-quality talents is becoming increasingly fierce, and the requirements of enterprises for the comprehensive quality of employees are getting higher and higher, which is also a factor that cannot be ignored in the employment of college graduates. Therefore, it is imperative to cultivate college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability and enhance their competitiveness in the future job market. The influence of qualitative talent quantity. A country with innovative ability and a large number of high-quality human resources means that it has the potential to develop knowledge economy. Therefore, cultivating college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability can not only deliver a large number of aspiring young people with innovative thinking to the society, but also effectively promote the country's development strategy.
Carrying out innovation and entrepreneurship education in an all-round, practical and effective way, further strengthening the cultivation of students' innovative consciousness and practical ability, making more college students take independent innovation, publicizing personality and entrepreneurial challenge as their new life goals, and helping college students to walk more steadily and better on the road of innovation and entrepreneurship are the new requirements put forward by society and the new mission entrusted to colleges and universities in today's times.
The significance of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship 2 In recent years, the number of college graduates has doubled every year, and the employment problem of graduates has become increasingly serious. With the development of society, society has put forward new requirements for human development, and the ability of independent innovation has become an important feature of contemporary talents. As the source of social development, college students must adapt to the development requirements of the era of knowledge economy and have the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is of great significance to individuals and society. College students' entrepreneurship creates employment opportunities and relieves employment pressure; College students' entrepreneurship has established their correct career ideal and career choice concept, developed their creative thinking, improved their comprehensive quality and entrepreneurial ability, and adapted to many requirements of the socialist market economy for talent training. The competition in 2 1 century is the competition of economy and comprehensive national strength, in fact, it is the competition of science and technology and education, and in the final analysis, it is the competition of high-quality talents. Cultivating college students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability is the need to adapt to the development of socialist market economy.
Chen Ou, CEO of Jumeiyoupin, is also a standard college student entrepreneur. His entrepreneurial experience of college students can be traced back to his last entrepreneurial project GG game platform. Chen Ou was admitted to Nanyang Technological University at the age of 16. In my senior year, I made an influential GG game platform with limited resources. As a college student entrepreneur without any resources at that time, his entrepreneurial experience was very difficult. According to Chen Ou's memory, at that time, in order to save costs, he ate the cheapest fish ball noodles every day, and finally ate some "brain-dead".
Later, Chen Ou sold GG platform and made tens of millions of profits, which also laid an excellent foundation for his later entrepreneurial road. The GG game platform he founded is still one of the most popular game platforms in East Asia, with more than 24 million users worldwide.
This tells us that college students need to examine themselves clearly when choosing entrepreneurial projects: strength, strengths, interests and so on. It is also necessary to understand the future development trend and the potential needs of society.
Entrepreneurship also requires courage and boldness, and more importantly, a diligent and realistic attitude. Strong will, tenacious perseverance. In my opinion, the key to innovation and entrepreneurship is the word "innovation".
College students should attach importance to the cultivation of innovative ability, strive to improve their practical ability and enhance their psychological quality. The biggest taboo of innovation is the research idea of "learning to walk in Handan".
The main founders of Hungry, Zhang, Partner, and Cao, are all from Shanghai Jiaotong University. In April 2009, they took a fancy to the food and beverage take-away industry and prepared to develop an online ordering system to make the food and beverage industry gradually informationize. As it happens, Ye Feng of the School of Software of Jiaotong University is also optimistic about this "breakthrough". As a result, the "Jiao Tong Gang" of the "Hungry" online ordering system was initially formed.
Entrepreneurship is a concept, which focuses on cultivating students' innovative consciousness, creative spirit and entrepreneurial ability, so that students can boldly go to society and start their own businesses after graduation. We should not only encourage students to dare to struggle in emerging fields and industries, but also support students to dare to start their own businesses, learn to develop themselves, and cultivate their entrepreneurial courage, courage and pioneering spirit.
The significance of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship Part III: Purpose of investigation:
Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress and an inexhaustible motive force for a country's prosperity. In order to better understand the current situation of college students' self-employment in Jinan, we took the entrepreneurial college students in shandong institute of commerce and technology as samples and conducted a field survey on the entrepreneurial situation of college students in our school. On the basis of finding out the current situation, this paper summarizes and analyzes the main factors that affect college students' self-employment, discusses the basic ideas of guiding and encouraging college students' self-employment, and tries to explore ways and safeguard measures to accelerate college students' self-employment.
Second, the connotation and background of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship education
As early as 1990, China has carried out the project research of implementing employment and entrepreneurship education in the basic education stage, but the proportion of college students' entrepreneurship in China is relatively low. According to relevant surveys, among entrepreneurs in China, "entrepreneurs with university degrees only account for 3.7% of all entrepreneurial groups", while developed countries generally account for 20%-30%. This shows that the innovation and entrepreneurship education in China's colleges and universities is still in its infancy, and its systematicness, scientificity and operability are still not perfect.
With China's socialist marketization, the employment mode of "supply and demand meet, two-way choice" has gradually formed. This new employment model makes graduates and employers become equal and mutually selective subjects in the job market from subordinate position, and both sides have their own choices, which requires college students to have higher quality to face choices and stronger independent entrepreneurial spirit to meet challenges. As the source of social development, college students must adapt to the development requirements of the era of knowledge economy and have strong innovation and entrepreneurial ability.
Third, the basic status of college students' self-employment
College students' self-employment is a process in which college students strive to innovate, seek opportunities, grow and create value in a limited environment by means of individual and group efforts, using the acquired knowledge, talents, technologies and various abilities, and raising funds by themselves, technicians and seeking cooperation. At present, with the establishment of Suzhou as a national entrepreneurial city, entrepreneurship, as a group of college students with knowledge reserves, has attracted much attention. Canglang District has made great efforts to explore atmosphere creation and policy support, and established a series of measures such as college students' independent entrepreneurship incubation base and virtual entrepreneurship studio. College students have made some achievements in starting their own businesses, but there are also some problems.
1, self-employment enthusiasm is high, but practitioners are limited.
In recent years, various government departments, such as labor and social security, industry and commerce, taxation and education, have given certain preferential policies to college students' self-employment, and their enthusiasm for self-employment is obviously high. However, few college students really join the ranks of self-employment. The survey shows that 66.6% of college students in Canglang District have entrepreneurial intention. 13%, but only 35% actually started a business. According to the data, college students' self-employment is still in the development stage.
2. Entrepreneurial projects are single and not innovative.
College students are a collection of knowledge. In the field of entrepreneurship, it should be engaged in some high-tech or knowledge-related industries, but the data shows that 80. When 65% graduates choose to start a business, in order to avoid risks, they often choose some industries with less start-up capital and lower risks, such as training, advertising, trade, etc. These industries are small and suitable for themselves. On the one hand, it can save costs, on the other hand, it can also accumulate experience first.
(1) External objective environmental problems.
1, lack of entrepreneurship education. The so-called entrepreneurship education is the education that college students can go out and start their own businesses in society after graduation. In June 198+00, UNESCO published "Higher Education in 2 1 Century: World Vision and Action Declaration". It is pointed out that colleges and universities must take entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial spirit as the goal of higher education, so that graduates are not only job seekers, but also job creators. China's Ministry of Education also pointed out in 1999 that "we should strengthen entrepreneurship education for teachers and students and encourage them to set up high-tech enterprises independently." Students should bring entrepreneurship education into the teaching system when they enter colleges and universities. However, most colleges and universities in China still stay in the stage of employment education, and few colleges and universities provide systematic entrepreneurship education to students, resulting in students' lack of entrepreneurial awareness, knowledge and skills. Take some universities in Suzhou as an example. Apart from holding business plan competitions and other activities, there is no corresponding entrepreneurship education course.
2. The entrepreneurship policy is limited. First, entrepreneurial policies are not matched. College students' entrepreneurship is a systematic project, which requires the joint efforts of relevant government departments to formulate preferential policies suitable for college students' entrepreneurship. Second, the policy implementation is not strong. Many countries have promulgated policies, but the relevant departments cannot implement them; Third, the policy treats the symptoms rather than the root cause. At present, the preferential policies for college students to start a business are limited to business licenses, social security subsidies, small secured loans and other preferential policies. However, the internal management of enterprises and the analysis of the market will not solve these problems. Even if the external conditions are good, enterprises will still face bankruptcy.
Fourth, case analysis:
Case 1: A graduate student of Tsinghua University Electronics Department who won the first prize in the Second National University Student Invention Competition in 20XX came up with a good idea for his invention. He first gave the computer software he invented to users for free, and after he had a certain number of customers, he set up a dormitory company in partnership with several classmates, and in a short time he had nearly one million assets.
Comments: Innovative thinking generally refers to a creative and pioneering thinking in the cognitive field. It is a new method or new idea for people to further discover problems from some facts on the basis of existing experience. This bottle idea is also called "new idea" in people's habits. This new idea can be used not only for new product development or entrepreneurship, but also for solving some practical problems in various fields. Sometimes, a strange idea, a new idea or a clever skill may change a person's life and make a person move from failure to success and from poverty to wealth.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Investigation and summary of college students' entrepreneurship.
This time, a survey was conducted on the entrepreneurial problems of college students in our school, and a survey report was formed on this basis. In this survey, we have made a good investigation closely around the ideas and problems of college students in starting a business, hoping to provide a valuable investigation report for the development of scientific socialism.
Through this survey, we have gained a lot of things that we can't learn in class, and both the topic selection and the actual operation are different from our imagination. Although there are many difficulties in the investigation, we have overcome them with our own wisdom and gained some experience, which is worth learning when we do research in the future.
1. Closely follow today's social reality and carefully select research topics. The topic selection is very important, which determines whether the research is necessary, whether it can embody scientific socialism and whether the suggestions produced are valuable. The problem of choosing college students to start businesses this time is very necessary in contemporary China, because with the increasing employment pressure, it is difficult for college students to find jobs, and graduation equals unemployment. However, as a high-quality group in society, the existence of this situation is not conducive to social development and the construction of scientific socialism. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the employment of college students, so that college students can start businesses to better promote employment. So we chose such a valuable topic.
2. Grasp the key points and actively carry out research. This paper mainly carries out countermeasure research, investigates the current situation of college students' entrepreneurship, including their subjective ideas and objective entrepreneurial environment, as well as the policies of the government and relevant departments, and puts forward feasible suggestions on a comprehensive and focused basis.
3. Improve the research mechanism to ensure the implementation of the work. The first is to define the division of labor, implement the work to individuals, and let everyone play an effective role. The second is to make a goal plan, not blindly, and strive to get useful data every time you go out for research.
Although our research was very successful and summarized our experience, we also found many problems worthy of our attention next time.
1, communication problem. Because the people we want to investigate include college students, government officials and so on. This requires us not to adopt a communication method, but to be decided by individuals and specific people.
2. Insufficient research preparation. Due to the lack of experience in social research, the research preparation is not detailed, and I will try to do better next time.
Innovative thinking is different from conventional logical thinking. It breaks through the limitation of logical thinking, so it is novel and unique. Logical thinking is generally difficult to break through the tradition, so there are few new ideas; Creative thinking is just a breakthrough where logical thinking seems illogical, so it is easy to produce new things.
How to improve students' innovative and entrepreneurial practice ability, in addition to school-enterprise cooperation and the establishment of practice base, we must also establish a new concept of changing from entrepreneurial model to cultivating entrepreneurial management talents. Only by organically combining the first class with the second class, constantly awakening, inspiring and tapping the innovative and entrepreneurial potential of college students, and gradually cultivating entrepreneurial leaders through practical activities such as career planning education, team training, internship and entrepreneurial practice, can we shape innovative and entrepreneurial ideas among college students, thus improving their overall level of innovation and entrepreneurship, and improving their entrepreneurial awareness, entrepreneurial character and entrepreneurial ability as a whole.
Measures and suggestions of intransitive verbs
(1) Measures:
1. The survey data shows that most students don't have the idea of starting their own businesses until they go to college. Many students have gradually matured their thoughts after going to college, and they have also been exposed to a lot of information about starting a business, and they have begun to consider starting a business. Although college students have the idea of starting a business, they don't know where to start. In view of the difficult employment situation of social college students, colleges and universities should face up to this fact, actively offer entrepreneurship guidance courses for students, and point out the direction for students to start their own businesses. Through the development of the course, students can have an overall idea of starting a business and gradually understand the conditions of starting a business, so as to pay attention to the cultivation of their own ability and quality.
2. Schools can let students acquire knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship through various channels, such as conducting elective courses and entrepreneurial activities related to entrepreneurship, and let students participate in them, such as launching the "Entrepreneurship Planning Competition". By participating in the competition, they can exercise their comprehensive ability, greatly improve their confidence in starting a business, strengthen their determination, fully understand the entrepreneurial knowledge, prepare for their own business, and exercise themselves in activities. Conditional schools can invite some authoritative experts or successful entrepreneurs or outstanding alumni to give lectures to students, exchange entrepreneurial experience with students and teach entrepreneurial skills.
As college students, we should change passivity into initiative and actively participate in social practice. You can take part-time jobs outside school after school or on weekends, and work in enterprises or factories in winter and summer vacations, so that you can fully exercise in society, learn interpersonal and communication skills, understand all kinds of business information in society, and broaden your horizons. More importantly, you can accumulate some start-up funds to lay a good foundation for entrepreneurship. As students, schools are the best resources. College students should cherish the opportunities at school, study hard and master professional knowledge, read more books, understand relevant business laws and improve themselves as much as possible, which is an indispensable part of starting a business in the future.
According to the survey, few students start their own businesses, mostly because of insufficient start-up funds. The government should encourage students to start their own businesses and set up a "student venture fund" to provide students with loans as venture capital. Students with entrepreneurial intentions should first write a detailed business plan according to their own entrepreneurial ideas and submit it to the relevant teachers and leaders at all levels for approval. The school conducted a preliminary investigation on the comprehensive entrepreneurial ability and moral behavior of fund applicants and submitted it to the superior leaders. Those who pass the examination will approve the funds.
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