Chongqing Preparatory University includes Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing University, Southwest University, Chongqing Jiaotong University, chongqing technology and business university, sichuan fine arts institute, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing Normal University and Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. The preparatory course for extended materials originated from universities in western countries in the second half of the18th century, which refers to the' special level' of higher education. Belonging to the pre-university education, senior three graduates are generally required to study about 1 year to adapt to the university's learning style. Before liberation, China set up a one-year preparatory course in some schools, which was gradually abolished. After the founding of New China, some preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were set up in the Institute for Nationalities, and a considerable number of preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were also set up in other universities, secondary specialized schools and adult colleges.