The way of university is not only the way for adults, but also the way for Confucianism to enter the WTO. The author Ceng Zi himself is the backbone of inheriting Taoist thought, so he regards interpersonal relationship as the micro-foundation to maintain the whole social behavior and political norms.
The meaning of the preface of "University" is very clear: the way of university is to be well-known and close to the people, and stop at perfection.
The so-called "mingde", the former is a verb, meaning to understand and master; The latter is obviously an adjective or noun, emphasizing Confucian orthodoxy rather than other crooked ways. Being moral, being close to the people and being perfect have always been considered as the three important programs of universities. Mingde is the foundation, being close to the people is the path, perfection is the realm, and it is the ideal goal of individual behavior.
The outline is striking. The so-called discipline, knowledge, honesty, honesty, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world are considered to be eight eyes, and the three cardinal principles are linked and complement each other.
Mingming virtue is fundamental because any individual needs not only the norms of Mingde, such as the so-called ceremony emphasized by Ceng Zi at that time; At the same time, we should study hard, grasp carefully, realize the self-improvement of individual personality, push ourselves and others, and complete the evolution process from form to content, from spirit to material, from inside to outside, from individual to general.
This is more important to a teacher. Because teachers usually shoulder the dual responsibility of popularity and popularity.
The so-called mingde is a standardized style, which is not a difficult problem to say; The key is to have morality, which is another two-way behavior process. As a teacher, you need to be persuasive, dispel doubts by preaching and teaching, stimulate students' desire for truth and kindness, and maximize students' quality and ability. At the same time, you can preach and set an example. Through teachers' own good words and deeds, they can infect students, constantly show their virtues, and accumulate over time to achieve self-reliance and independence in teaching and learning.
Being close to the people and being the best-the way of university, not only emphasizes people's moral nature and moral practice, but also emphasizes that personal moral cultivation is applied to social and political practice, which is a process of pushing oneself and others. Being close to the people, in the final analysis, is to apply one's moral cultivation to the people all over the world, so that the people all over the world can realize their sincerity and virtue, so that they can also apply it to others, "don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you", "be strict with yourself and be lenient with others", and create a harmonious society in order to achieve the so-called "stop at perfection" in the way of university.
In the eight stages, self-cultivation, self-knowledge, sincerity, integrity and self-cultivation are the moral and ability requirements of individuals as the main body of behavior. "From Tian Zi to Shu Ren, cultivation is the foundation." It is said that regardless of family background, from the emperor to the people, as long as they are upright, they can achieve discipline and the poor can be immune to it. In this way, the world can be peaceful, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the officials are safe;
Governing the family, governing the country and leveling the world can be understood as a career plan for a certain life, followed by being practical, knowledgeable, honest, honest and self-cultivation. The body is not extravagant. The key to self-cultivation is to respect things, know things, and be sincere and upright.
Whether it is the three cardinal guides, the five permanents or the eight cardinal guides, it is the best behavior process of governing the country and leveling the world with virtue and self-cultivation. Being close to the people includes understanding, understanding, sincerity and integrity.
If you are new, you will be new, you will be new. Imagine, if you can really save three times a day, it is not difficult to be virtuous, close to the people and perfect; At the same time, it is not difficult to be self-disciplined, knowledgeable, sincere, upright and perfect. This is the lesson and enlightenment gained by studying "University".