1 179, 17 years old. At that time, Zhu served as the "Zhinan Kangjun" and was taught by Zhu;
1 180, Shao Li 18 years old. Zhu, 5 1 year-old, asked for instructions last year to reduce Nankang's money and grain and run a' social warehouse'. Shao Li went on studying.
1 190 (the first year of Guangzong), 28 years old, Jinshi Ji. Professor Yue Zhou. Zhu encouraged him when he visited him. Yuezhou is both civil and military. After his grandmother died, he returned to his hometown, and the court appointed him as "Professor of Xiangyang Prefecture". I went to Jianyang to visit Zhu, and soon resigned to give lectures with Zhu. Zhu "All the students who failed to reach the goal visited the burnt offering with shillings, and then learned from it. All the students respected it very much. Declared as the successor of Zhu Yibo.
1 192, Zhu Xijian founded "Kao Ting Academy" and taught in Shao Li.
In A.D. 1 194, Zhu Rentan Prefecture took the secretariat and returned to Yuelu Academy where he taught.
1 196, "Qingyuan party case", Zhu theory was banned and students were persecuted; Li Shao went back to local teaching.
1200, Zhu died of illness, and others boycotted the "study ban" and led thousands of students to attend the funeral.
Around 120 1, Jiang Xiu Academy and Baishi Academy were founded to continue teaching.
1205 (the first year of Ning Zongxi), wrote an audience with Yi, and Jiujiang was commended. He was summoned to visit Dutang and resigned. Lin' an student Wei Liaoweng; In the following years, he became an official in Jiangxi Communications Department and was in charge of Qingyuan Zhidaogong in Zhimi Pavilion. Good governance benefits the people. Zhen and you were recommended by Weng, and the poor power was passed to Longxing House. Jiangxi Shuai appointed a Senate officer and resigned from his post except Dali Division.
1209 was invited to make rules for Fujian Yanping College, and then participated in teaching.
12 16, Huang Gan visited Shao Li and Hu Yong's classmates in Nankang, and Chen Mi was appointed as "Zhinan Kangjun".
12 17 (Ningzong Jiading 10), Zhu Zai, the son of Zhu, took Dali Temple as the "Southern Kang Army", revived the Academy and invited him to Bailu Cave.
12 18 (Ningzong Jiading 1 1 year) In April and May, Huang Gan, Hu Yong and other students 10 came to Lushan to make friends and build the Liu Fang Bridge. Shao Li, together with Huang Gan, taught Gan Gua and Kun Gua.
After Li Burning became the dean, Bailudong Academy reached its peak, and scholars from all over the country gathered. "The prosperity of giving lectures is unmatched by other countries."
1224- 1225, Cao yanyue recommended Shao Li to be the judge of Tanzhou instead of himself, but Shao Li refused to resign. True morality and handsome training are in Changsha, which is a matter for the next government, Mr. Kenzi. In a few months, I will resign. When Shi was in power, he abolished the prince and made him emperor. Li was heartbroken and vowed never to come back.
1225, invited to recommend outstanding talents to the Central Committee, including Wei Liaoweng, Zhen, Yang, Ding Miao, Abandoned Slaughterhead, Gong, Xu Qiao, Liu Zai and Hong Zikui.
1226, Shao Li expanded Baishi Academy (Baishi Academy) with the support of Cao Jian, the "Zhi Nan Resistance Army".
These characters made him break the official standard and played a vital role in spreading Mr. Zhu's philosophy of Neo-Confucianism. Tao Li didn't say anything, but he made his own way, worked hard in teaching and was willing to do it.
To illustrate the upsurge of giving lectures in the Southern Song Dynasty, let's first observe two pictures of giving lectures:
1 167 During the two and a half months from the eighth day of the ninth lunar month, Zhu came to Yuelu Academy in Tanzhou (Changsha) to give lectures and exchange. In Yuelu Academy in Zhang Qian, two masters, Zhu and Zhang Qian, argued in public about the meaning of The Doctrine of the Mean. There are two plush chairs side by side in the lecture hall. Students attending the class will stand in the camp in front of which master you agree with. With the warm and wise development of the lecture, the students are in full swing. The two masters argued about this key issue for three days and nights. Students from all over the world got the message and rode fast horses from all directions to attend the lecture. There was an endless stream of people on the road, and the lecture hall was crowded with people. The grand occasion was unprecedented, and the water in the stable was drunk by horses.
1 175 At the beginning of June of the lunar calendar, two schools of Neo-Confucianism, headed by Zhu and Lu Jiuyuan, held a large-scale and most important academic debate at Ehu Temple in Yanshan, Jiangxi. For three days, the academic atmosphere was quite tense. The focus of the debate is epistemology and worldview. Disciples of Neo-Confucianism and scholars from Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi gathered in Goose Lake. Although only Zhu and Lu Jiuyuan came to the stage to debate, the debate was as loud as thunder, and the debate between the two factions in front of the stage and behind the stage was very fierce. In the end, no one argued about who fell. Five years later, Lu Jiuyuan visited Zhu and his famous "Bailudong Academy" in China. Zhu specially invited Lu Jiuyuan to the Academy to give lectures to teachers and students. Lu Jiuyuan's wonderful speech touched all the audience. Later, this speech was also used as a handout of Bailudong Academy. It is in this era atmosphere that Li Kaozhong even gave up his official position and followed Zhu to study and teach. 1 190, I called on Zhu twice before Professor Yuezhou took office, and Zhu encouraged him to strengthen his belief in knowledge. After Shao Li arrived in Yuezhou, he strictly educated his students, taught literature and art, and actively encouraged them to study hard. Under his influence, the students are very diligent and promising. For example, Zhao Kuangyin, Zhao Fan and others became outstanding generals, and more students became Confucian teachers.
In the ten years after 1 192, Zhu went to the Wuyi Jingshe, Yuelu Academy and Kaoting Academy, which were opened or restored successively. Zhu Yisheng had 5 1 1 students. Many people don't know anything. Zhu generally asked them to ask Li Lai to enlighten them, and the students were very respectful. Zhu has repeatedly declared that "making friends is beneficial, progress is awesome, meticulous, honest and unpretentious", and he is the successor of his academic mantle. Zhu Zeng had a poem saying: "My Tao is paid by Cangzhou", but in The Old Man and Cangzhou, he was listed as the first person of southern Neo-Confucianism in Song and Yuan Dynasties by Huang Zongxi.
After Zhu's death, he led Nankang students to open academies, Baishi Academy and Zhu Wu Academy, and continued to spread and study Confucianism. It can be said that after learning, he spent 42 years in the education and research of Confucianism.
1205, Li burned in the central government and took Wei Liao Weng as an apprentice. This Wei Liaoweng later became a master of Confucianism. Four years later, many academies were established in Fujian, and Yanping Academy is one of them. Li Hao has formulated learning rules for this institution and has been involved in teaching for a long time. Pingjiang people are proud of the "nine sons of Pingjiang", and several of them are his students.
12 16 years ago, Shao Li spread Neo-Confucianism in his hometown of Nankang. Soon Zhu Zai and Chen Mi became "Zhi Nan Kang Jun" again, and he was invited to return to Bailudong College to preside over college activities. Bailudong Academy became the first academy in the world, which has a lot to do with education and teaching in Shao Li. At that time, there were thousands of students (these students should belong to undergraduate or above). "The prosperity of giving lectures is unparalleled in other counties." This evaluation was given by the history of Song Dynasty, which was the highest level that the education sector could reach in the wave of academies at that time, and it will always be worthy of our pride.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, there were 442 academies in China, of which 265 were very famous (excluding private academies) and 67 were related to Zhu, among which there were many religious figures.
Shao Li regards education as his primary responsibility and has never been infatuated with officialdom. He educates his students repeatedly. "You don't have to be a big official, and you have a certain position in your life in order to be meritorious. Just do something that is really beneficial to others according to your own ability. " Now many people take this sentence as their motto. Dressed in plain clothes, he devoted himself to educating and spreading the truth. It was not until he could not get rid of the students' recommendation that he served as an official for a period of time and benefited the people.
After 1225, he stopped being an official in the last seven years of his life, devoted himself to the teaching and research of Confucianism, and recommended some good officials with correct ideas to the Central Committee.
At present, there are three major academy sites in Jinxianmen and Shuyuan Street, namely Donghu Academy, Zhang Yu Academy and Youjiao Academy. These three colleges are still dedicated to great saints, such as Shao Li. According to research, Shao Li and his student Rao Lu once engaged in teaching activities in Donghu College (built at 12 1 1) and Zhang Yu College. It should be because of his fame that they were invited to give lectures or lectures. Shao Li also visited the former residence of Luo Zu Cong Yan, a great master, and wrote such an educational poem: "... the moon is in the air in front of the window, the cool wind is on the pillow ... You can lean on the railing when you are free, and your ears are full of sound."
Writer Yu wrote in the Millennium Courtyard: "Teaching, in the final analysis, is the human spirit and life passed down from generation to generation at the level of civilization." Shao Li used his life's practice to convey this spirit and knowledge. Due to the scattered articles of Shao Li, his complete works were not included in Zhuzi School and Song and Yuan Learning Examples. I found some fragments of his articles and poems, which are as beautiful as people. His words and poems are detached and charming. He has a very good poem, entitled "Guide to House-wishing", which reads as follows:
Lyna is like a monk, and his poems and love letters are passed on to each other.
Today, I have a superior position, but the window is still empty.
Break official standards
Many students with Zhu do not seek fame, give up official positions, and advocate the spirit of "learning from others". They are knowledgeable, doubtful, thoughtful, discerning and faithful (Premier Wen highly values these spirits). Driven by their influence, many students "gather in a short time". Shao Li didn't promise worldly interests, but relied on his own personality charm to unite comrades, make scanty meals, admonish each other in the morning and evening, hone each other and explore knowledge. Zhu Zeng encouraged "aim high, aim high" (it takes courage to realize lofty ideals, but it is even more valuable to shoulder heavy responsibilities), so he called himself "Mr. Zhai Hong".
Li opposed the pursuit of fame and fortune and put his heart on the lower class. He pointed out: in life, you don't have to be a big official, and you don't have to hold a certain position to achieve something. As long as you do something that really benefits others according to your own ability, you can say that you have made achievements. He also said: "Even if you are an official and achieve the high position of your minister, you can't lose your true colors of poverty and simplicity. If you don't pursue it, you will get nothing. Let difficulties erase your arrogance and extravagance, and you will not change your temperament and physique because of the environment and diet. " Li Xinchuan told Song Lizong that people who could not be called Gao Shi at that time thought that Shao Li was the first in China. Cai Niancheng, a great scholar, praised him many times for "worrying like the autumn moon". Therefore, Shao Li didn't care about poverty and hardship, was unmoved by the official position, and wore very simple clothes, even the kyou-kan didn't change. 1 190 in the forty-two years after he became a scholar, he only accepted seven years of office. Many people recommend him as a judge in Longxing Prefecture, an official in the Senate and a judge in Dali. He refused to give up teaching and bowed his head to teaching. Finally, Cao Yanyue recommended Shao Li to the Central Committee to replace him as a judge in Tanzhou. Zhen Shuai Xiu De asked him the most questions. He stayed in Changsha for several months and then returned to the college. In fact, the door to being an official is always open to him.
According to Mr. Wu Wanju's research in Taiwan Province, after Zhu's death, the Kaoting Academy in Cangzhou was mainly hosted by, and students gradually distributed to 42 academies to continue to spread Neo-Confucianism, among which giving lectures in Bailudong was the most successful, prosperous, extensive and lasting, with the greatest influence.
The History of the Song Dynasty speaks highly of it, saying that "preaching and giving lessons to solve doubts, scholars abide by it", and it is also called "Huang and Li". Mitchell Li Xinchuan praised Shao Li: "There is only one person in the sea today".
bring benefit to mankind
Li Shao once served as the director of communications in Jiangxi province, working as the office of internal affairs, and recommended him to each other with the governor of Jiangxi province and others. There are disturbances at the "Dongkou" in Wan 'an, and the authorities want to wipe them out. Shao Li said, "Aren't they the people? They are all people who force the people to rebel. I will appease them. " Shao Li stationed troops in Wan 'an, defended dangerous places, replaced and disposed of officials who acted recklessly, arranged for people to surrender thieves and bandits, and the "mouth of the cave" immediately obeyed.
Many fields in Nanchang are relatively low, the riverbanks are destroyed, and the Ganjiang River is prone to floods. Shao Li asked to repair the riverbank of Ganjiang River. Since then, the fields have become fertile soil.
During the period of 1209, the wealth managers in Jiangxi at that time devalued day by day because the country issued'14th century Huizi' (paper money), so according to people's income and property level, they shared the task of buying Huizi, checked it frequently and strictly enforced it, which led to Huizi's failure to sell. Shao Li argued that he couldn't convince the managers, and finally wrote a letter arguing that he wanted to do a good job in increasing agricultural income and products, so as to make the value of the club appreciate, rather than forcibly apportion it. Therefore, the malpractice of this apportionment was abolished, and the supervisor thanked Shao Li.
When Li Shao was a local official, he deeply understood the people's feelings and made great contributions. He accepted Zhu's thought and carried out the relief system of "social warehouse". Later, he found that the set of "social warehouses" was only lent to families with fields, but tenants could not get benefits, so he improved the grain distribution of social warehouses so that all farmers could benefit.
Liang Gengyao wrote in the fifth chapter of Rural Economy in the Southern Song Dynasty: Southern Song Dynasty social warehouses were widely distributed in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Huainan, Guangnan and other places, which can be said to be almost all over the Southern Song Dynasty. The founders of various social warehouses, such as Zhuge Qianneng, Zhao, etc., are all Zhu's masters. ...
Firm and upright
According to the record of Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Zhu and his students always miss the prosperity of the country and seek the truth in the world. 1 196, the powerful ministers Han Biaozhou, Shen, Shi and others slandered Zhu and his disciples and demanded that Zhu be executed. They stepped up their persecution of Neo-Confucianism party member, known in history as "clearing the source and banning the Party". Political clouds are rolling, and some students are forced to draw a clear line with Zhu. Shi Yue: "Zhu is in the east of Zhejiang, so pseudo-learning thrives in the east of Zhejiang, while in Hunan, pseudo-learning thrives in Hunan ... Students commemorate Zhu in various ways ..." After Zhu's death, they ordered that no funeral be held for Zhu. However, he and Cai Shen resisted the pressure and presided over Zhu's funeral, which was attended by thousands of people.
After Zhu's death, Li burned the appointment door and still gave lectures in Bailudong. In the ninth year of Jiading (12 16), Huang Gan visited friends via Nankang. Huang Gan later wrote with emotion: "After Mr. Wang's death, the disciples lost their awe and almost stopped learning. Only in Nankang, Yu, Cai Niancheng (from Dean, the top three are permanent students) led dozens of their best students to continue to spread their teachers' knowledge. In contrast, this is the most prosperous. "
Shao Li's poems and poems are like monks, and his poems and love letters are in harmony. Today, I have a superior position, but the window is still empty. -Song Shao Li's "Zhu Zhai's Poems" is entitled "Zhu Zhai's Poems"
Lyna is like a monk, and his poems and love letters are passed on to each other.
Today, I have a superior position, but the window is still empty.