(1) is isolated from peer groups. There are many differences between contemporary college students and their parents' college days. When my parents were in college, most of them pursued the same progress, and people communicated frequently, so the suicide rate was low. However, contemporary college students live in the information age, and most of them rarely communicate with their peers. Even some groups like to be different in order to show their individuality. After a long time, they will develop a withdrawn personality, so the suicide rate is higher than that of their parents. Durkheim, a famous sociologist, once pointed out that the only way to prevent egoism suicide is to restore the unity of social organizations, so that they can closely unite individuals around the collective and make individuals feel a sense of belonging to the collective [3]. ② Isolated from the social environment. The education of college students in many colleges and universities is exam-oriented education, and the knowledge that students have learned in school is almost out of touch with society, which makes many graduates be eliminated by society because they can't adapt to social life. And some college students who haven't graduated, after witnessing the difficulties of their seniors and sisters in finding jobs, have a fear and despair of life. ③ Isolation caused by the change of living environment. Many students are new here because of the differences in living environment, especially those from the south to the north or those from the north to the south, and the strangeness between teachers and students, which makes it difficult to adapt to such environmental life.
Family is the initial environment of college students' socialization and plays a key role in their mental health. It can be said that the quality of family directly affects the success or failure of college students' future life. However, due to the intensification of social competition, many parents are eager to "hope their children succeed and their daughters succeed", which leads to two extreme ways of educating their children: one is to spoil their children and tolerate everything they do wrong; One is to be too strict with children, and often belittle their children by comparing them with other excellent children in front of them. What's more, some parents alienate and beat their children because of target replacement. The so-called goal replacement means that in the process of achieving the goal, the existing goal is replaced by other goals and the original goal cannot be achieved. Children in target replacement families are afraid and depressed because they can't reach the goals set by their parents. Some choose to run away from home, and some choose to commit suicide to solve the problem. Therefore, the influence of family environment is very important to the psychological growth of every college student.
The school's neglect of education is also a major reason for the rising suicide rate of college students.
Prevention:
(1) Social aspects
Strengthen the cooperation between schools and the outside world. External social organizations can provide college students with an internship opportunity in some organizations during the winter and summer vacations to help them understand the society before graduation. At the same time, it can also let college students get exercise and enhance their personal self-confidence. For example, some cities recruit a certain number of graduate students from colleges and universities to work in departments every year. When enrolling students, they should be screened through written examination and interview, so that college students can know some job-hunting information before graduation, and they can better integrate into society in the future and reduce the adverse consequences caused by unsuccessful job hunting. Strengthen social integration and avoid social anomie and cultural shock. The integration advocated by sociology includes the integration of culture, system and norms, which have great influence on contemporary college students. From the perspective of cultural integration, the psychological problems brought by cultural shock to college students are the cause of social anomie, and multicultural integration can prevent college students from committing suicide because of cultural shock. Therefore, colleges and universities should improve the single "exam-oriented" education mode, cultivate students' diverse learning styles, and let every student's "moral, intellectual and physical beauty" be well cultivated. From the perspective of system integration, colleges and universities should not introduce some systems that only pay attention to superficial kung fu for exam-oriented education, but should improve the existing systems from the aspects of college students' study and life, reduce the burden on college students and reduce the suicide rate. From the perspective of normative integration, colleges and universities should formulate norms that college students should abide by. When sociology was just founded, sociologist Durkheim once positioned the research object of sociology as social facts. Sociologists divide Durkheim's social facts into material social facts and intangible social facts.
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Intangible social facts include morality, norms, values, ideology and so on. Sociologist Durkheim believes that with the development of society, the mechanical unity between people has been replaced by organic solidarity, that is, the interpersonal relationship maintained by spontaneous collective consciousness in the past has been replaced by social norms. As can be seen from Durkheim's statement, college students now have their own set of norms when they first enter school because of their different values. When their norms conflict with those of others, they will resist, either against others or against themselves. Groups that resist themselves may choose to commit suicide because of their inner impulse and self-rejection. Therefore, schools should formulate some norms that college students should abide by, so that each student can better adapt to college life.
(2) family.
Parents are children's first teachers, and children's future success or failure in school or society mostly depends on the way of family education. Many parents attach importance to knowledge education and neglect emotional education, and attach importance to physical health and neglect mental health when educating their children. In the long run, juvenile problems will continue to increase and do harm to society. Many parents blame the school for their children's problems, but they don't realize that frustration education is so important in their children's growth. Frustration education can overcome the bad consequences caused by goal replacement. In many cases of college students committing suicide, there are countless suicide problems caused by unsatisfactory test scores, frustrated love and poor interpersonal relationships. So parents should pay more attention to their children's emotional education and mental health education.
(3) school.
Establish a reasonable "safety valve" mechanism on campus. The "social safety valve mechanism" was put forward by the famous sociologist Coase. He believes that a country, a society, and a unit, if they encounter any problems at ordinary times and don't mention the contradictions, a long-term backlog will cause an uncontrollable situation. Therefore, a student with harmonious atmosphere and decent style of study can become a safety valve on campus. Living in such a campus is helpful to communicate between students and between teachers and students and vent their dissatisfaction. From the point of view of mental health, over-suppressing one's emotions will only aggravate the emotional distress, while moderate diarrhea can release unpleasant emotions, thus relieving tension, pain, sadness and other emotions.
(4) Personal aspects
Take an active part in the school's club activities. The community activities on campus are rich and colorful, and college students should actively participate in these community activities. Such as interesting competitions, debates, cultural programs and so on organized by student unions, social welfare associations and art organizations. By joining these social organizations, you can not only exercise yourself, but also cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude and learn to communicate with others. Through investigation, it is found that students who actively participate in community organizations at school are more likely to find ideal jobs and get the appreciation of leaders than those who do not actively participate. Go out of campus to participate in social practice activities. There is a big difference between society and campus life. In order to better integrate into society after graduation, every student should make full use of his vacation time to participate in social practice activities. This can not only exercise yourself, but also eliminate the uncomfortable feeling of entering the society after graduation. To sum up, college students are a group with high IQ and high quality, and suicide may be the result of social factors. If someone intervenes in this critical period to guide it, it will definitely put an end to the tragedy. However, it is still very difficult to prevent college students from committing suicide, which requires the concerted efforts of students themselves, schools, families and society.