Continued: Viewpoint 1: I think The Way of University is the knowledge of self-cultivation. "Ming Yi" is equivalent to the virtue in Tao Te Ching, that is, the highest and brightest virtue. It can even be said that it is close to and equal to the virtue of Tao, and the head of "Mingde" is "Ming".
And "close to the people" can be understood like this. If only "university" is regarded as the knowledge of self-cultivation, then the first "purity" is exploration and purity, and "being close to the people" is also a requirement for itself. This sentence can be understood as the way of a university is to explore, be well-known and be close to the people. Doing all these best is the highest realm of cultivation.
Viewpoint 2: I think "the way of university" refers to preaching. "University" is not only the knowledge of self-cultivation, its fundamental spirit is to preach and teach. The first "Ming" of "Ming Ming De" can be understood as revealing and displaying, and "being close to the people" also makes "Mingde" close to the people.
This sentence should be understood as "the way of university", which is to reveal Mingde, show it to the world, make Mingde close to the people, and let the people know and master it. To "level the world" means to let Mingde be known to the world, let the people master Mingde, everyone becomes a sage, and the world is naturally peaceful.
This question examines the ability to understand the thoughts and opinions of a paragraph. Understanding of classics, especially "Four Books". Understanding the works such as Daxue, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius must be combined with their thoughts and viewpoints, and the ancient sages' opinions and opinions on self-cultivation and governing the country cannot be taken out of context.
At the same time, there is a lot of information hidden in it, which needs to be analyzed in combination with the whole work. The purpose of the university is to carry forward the virtues of being open and aboveboard, update the folk customs, and reach the highest level of perfection of both ability and political integrity. This sentence is called "Three Programmes" by later Confucianists, and its meaning is simply explained as follows: Mingde is the nature that everyone is endowed by heaven, supreme, free from pollution, and can communicate with heaven and earth.
"Ming Ming De" is an affirmation of the spiritual virtue of human beings and life. Now make it clear and be conscious. People's doing good and avoiding evil is not an obligation imposed by social norms, but has an internal basis. The value of moral practice comes from the heart, and human nature is good. From this perspective, "the way of university" is the knowledge of self-cultivation.
Of course, it can also be understood that "the way of university" refers to preaching: being close to the people is to help others get rid of things that pollute their hearts after knowing the goodness of their own nature, so that they can reach the same spiritual purity as themselves. After realizing the natural ability of "Mingde", we must be "close to the people" so that our relatives can have a new atmosphere and keep moving forward on the road of doing good.
All changes in life are birth, aging, illness and death. Only by following the requirements of inner kindness and improving one's morality can one be a new person forever. It is to set an example, and then enlighten people's consciousness and get rid of material desires through etiquette and music.