Explain in detail the five major dialects in Jiangxi.
The dialect in my head, the dialect in my group, is like a symphony. In fact, as the main dialects in Jiangxi Province, Gan dialect, Hakka dialect, Mandarin, Wu dialect and Hui dialect can also be spoken by a lotus flower. Since Emperor Gaozu ruled Nanchang, Zhang Yu County has been established, covering 18 counties all over Jiangxi today. There are languages and dialects in the population, and this period is the beginning of the formation of Jiangxi dialects.
■ Gan dialect
Professor Hu, vice president of Jiangxi College of Nanchang University and director of Hakka Gan dialect and language application research center, is the backbone of Jiangxi dialect research in the province at present. 18 in the afternoon, when the reporter came to his office, he was planning to do a dialect survey in Yiyang and other places. "Gan dialect is the most important dialect in Jiangxi Province. It not only covers two-thirds of the province's area and population, but also distributes in parts of neighboring provinces such as Hunan, Hubei, Anhui and Fujian. " Nonsense, the Gan dialect area in the province can be divided into Changjing, Liu Yi, Jicha and Heyingyi.
Nanchang dialect is the representative or standard pronunciation of Gan dialect, and the degree of intercommunication between dialects in Gan dialect is also very high. For example, it is very sweet. Nanchang, Xinjian and Buried Hill are called Xiantian, Duchang and Jingdezhen are called Xin Tian, and Yichun, Yifeng, Gao 'an, Fuzhou and Linchuan are called Jintian. To describe acid, Duchang is called pickling, and Nanchang, Xiajiang, Jingdezhen, Yichun, Yifeng, Gao 'an, Fuzhou and Cheng Nan are called pickling.
■ Hakka dialect
Hakka dialect is the second largest Jiangxi dialect after Gan dialect, mainly concentrated in southern Jiangxi.
"However, there are also differences in Hakka dialect." Hu Dui said: From a macro perspective, the formation of Hakka dialect is of course the result of several large-scale migrations of primitive people to the south in history. However, it is worth noting that the Hakkas who went south to Jiangxi before the Ming and Qing Dynasties and then settled in Jiangxi have taken deep roots in Jiangxi because of their long history. Their descendants do not call themselves Hakka today, nor do they call their dialects Hakka. The Hakka people in Jiangxi we are talking about today all settled in Guangdong and Fujian after moving south, and moved back to Jiangxi in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties due to social unrest in Guangdong and Fujian. These Hakkas have a strong sense of Hakka. They call themselves Hakka, and their dialect is Hakka.
There are some similarities between Hakka dialect and Gan dialect, but the difference between them is very obvious. The most important point is the dialect difference in self-awareness. People in Hakka areas, old and young, say that their words are Hakka and call themselves Hakka. Many of them know when and where their ancestors moved here.
■ Putonghua
Putonghua is commonly known as the northern dialect, which is also the generalized northern dialect. Among the main dialects of Chinese, Mandarin has a prominent position and influence. Not only in the recent 1000 years, many outstanding literary works in China were created on the basis of northern dialects. In the officialdom of past dynasties, the communicators who are good at dancing with long sleeves used the northern dialect, hence the name "Mandarin".
Nonsense, there are two official languages in Jiangxi, that is, most towns along the Yangtze River in northern Jiangxi speak Jianghuai Mandarin, while Ganzhou City, Xinfeng County and some suburban villages in southern Jiangxi speak Southwest Mandarin. However, they are all influenced by the nearby Gan dialect or Hakka dialect, with some characteristics of Gan dialect or Hakka dialect.
■ Wu language
Xin Qiji lived in Shangrao for a long time in the Southern Song Dynasty, leaving a famous sentence "Drunk Wu Yinxiang is beautiful", which shows that Shangrao has a long history of speaking Wu dialect and has the reputation of "Wu Nong Ruan Yu". Nonsense, Shangrao city in northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao, Yushan and three counties speak Wu dialect. Since ancient times, it has been in close contact with Wuyu District, Quzhou, Zhejiang, with convenient transportation. As a result, the economic and cultural ties in zhejiang-jiangxi railway are very close, and it is natural that dialects are interlinked.
■ emblem language
Hu introduced that the Hui dialect in Fuliang, Wuyuan and Dexing in the eastern part of northern Jiangxi is the most difficult dialect to master in this province. The vocabulary of Hui dialect is not much different from that of nearby dialects such as Gan dialect and Wu dialect. However, in phonetics, especially vowels, the Hui language is quite different from other dialects.
Gan dialect, Hakka dialect, Wu dialect, Mandarin and Hui dialect are obvious dialects in different regions, and there are some sporadic dialects in Jiangxi Province. Nonsense, this is what we often call dialect island. For example, there are some immigrants from other provinces in Jiangxi province who speak different Chinese dialects, mainly "Minnan dialect" (Minnan dialect), scattered in several counties in northeast Jiangxi, and also have minority languages.
B, there are 9 dialects in a township.
In My Head and My Regiment, more than ten dialects are intertwined, which makes people laugh. What kind of strange scene will the existence of multiple dialects be in life? There are nine distinct dialects in Tieshan Township, Shangrao County. When the reporter of "Exploring Jiangxi" came to the local area, he heard various dialects in one day, and he felt quite talented from south to north.