[Original 2010-05-2612: 44: 48]
Tags: Chifeng weather, mountain weather, reading target: everyone.
Guest: Professor Liu Shuhua, Department of Atmospheric Science, Peking University Institute of Physics.
Zou, Director of Beijing Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Education Center
Moderator: Today is May 12, the second anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake, and it is also China's "National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day". Speaking of changes in nature, everyone may have personal feelings recently. From the unusually long winter that just passed to the storm that is currently hitting parts of southern China, people can't help asking, what happened to our planet?
The flood caused 6.5438+0039 million people to be affected and 250,000 people were killed.
In May, raindrops were brave on their birthdays, and a rare rainstorm struck strongly, and some provinces and cities in the south were in a hurry again and again. Among them, No.5 in some areas of Chongqing was hit by strong winds, hail and heavy rain, killing 32 people. According to the flood bulletin 10 issued by the National Defense General, since the beginning of this year, three provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, including Hunan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Chongqing and Xinjiang, have been affected, and 1039 people have died. This figure does not include the above-mentioned strong winds in Chongqing. In addition, another 2 1 person disappeared, and 8 1 10,000 houses collapsed, resulting in a direct economic loss of about 7.36 billion yuan. In the face of disaster, a life-saving rescue operation has also been launched in China, which spans thousands of kilometers. At present, 250,000 affected people have been safely transferred.
Moderator: Seeing such a scene, let's first ask Professor Liu Shuhua from the Department of Atmospheric Science of Peking University Institute of Physics in the studio. What is the reason for this stormy weather in the south?
Liu Shuhua: The rainstorm in the south has aroused great concern in the whole country. Caused such a big natural disaster. Its formation mechanism is mainly composed of: like the cold air in the north, it meets warm air, meets in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and forms strong convection after meeting. It has a lot of water, so it forms a strong precipitation. This process is to form clouds first, then precipitation, forming such a phenomenon and such a formation mechanism of heavy rain in South China.
Moderator: Generally, when we see such weather, we may judge it according to our own experience. For example, it was not like this last year, or it was not like this in previous years. So, from your professional point of view, is this normal?
Liu Shuhua: This is still a normal phenomenon.
Moderator: So it is basically normal. Ok, as a matter of fact, while the climate is changing, our planet is also suffering from other natural disasters. Come and have a look on rainy days.
Earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanoes around the world
When it comes to the natural anomaly of 20 10, a common feeling is that there are many earthquakes. First, on June 5438+1October 12 this year, an earthquake measuring 7.3 on the Richter scale struck Haiti, causing nearly 300,000 casualties, and eight China peacekeepers in Haiti were also killed. Then, on February 27th, an earthquake measuring 8.8 on the Richter scale struck Chile. On April 14, an earthquake of magnitude 7. 1 occurred again in Yushu, Qinghai, China, causing great losses to people's lives and property. In the past weekend, an earthquake measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale occurred in Azeri province, Indonesia on May 9, which once triggered the authorities to issue a tsunami warning.
In addition, the volcanic eruption in Iceland is also a matter of great concern recently. Iceland's Eyjafjallajokull volcano erupted on a large scale on April 14, and volcanic ash forced many European countries to close their airports. After the aviation industry suffered huge losses, the volcano erupted violently again at the beginning of this month, which seriously affected the take-off and landing of many European flights again this past weekend. China International Airlines also canceled flights to Europe for several weekends, including mountain weather. Volcanic ash even affected the Cannes Film Festival in France, which opened in May 12, because many guests had to adjust the original arrival time.
Moderator: OK, let's ask Director Zou of Beijing Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Education Center again. Director Zou, is this series of intense geological activities related to the climate change we just mentioned? For example, it's dry again, and the depressing weather in Tangshan! ! ! ! ! Flood, heavy rain, etc. , this is also important?
Zou: I think so. To tell the truth, our earth is alive, so the earthquakes and volcanoes we see in geology are a manifestation of its vitality. If there is no such activity on the earth, then the earth is also a dead earth. However, I think the whole system of our earth is divided into several layers, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. There may be a certain relationship between these layers, and it must be a big system. But you said that the specific phenomena correspond directly. I think this is very complicated and it is difficult to connect directly. Just like people, it also has its emotions and fluctuations, and so does its activity law. Sometimes there are fewer earthquakes, so it is calm. For a time, it had relatively many earthquakes, which was its active period.
As Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, the topic we are talking about is disasters. If we humans are not prepared, then this kind of disaster will befall us, and we will be caught off guard, which will greatly increase our lives or property losses.
Moderator: Well, when it comes to the change of natural climate, many people may still remember it clearly, because for example, many people think that the winter just passed is particularly long and the pace of spring is too late. Besides, recently, May 5th was a long summer day, and the weather conditions on that day surprised many people.
Beijing: There are six kinds of weather to welcome the "long summer", and it snows in the suburbs in April.
On May 5th, in the long summer, from the early morning to the afternoon, six different weather phenomena reported to Beijing: First, a moderate rain had just ended, and the fog was waiting for an opportunity. Then the rain appeared again, sunny and warm. The weather in Etuokeqian Banner is accompanied by thunder and lightning, and hail has also started in some areas. Then, the charm of life lies in unpredictability, in taking things as they are, and the wind comes again. Then, the sunny day grabbed the front again.
Before this, at the end of April, it should have been the season of "April is the end of the world", but a snowfall came unexpectedly. When visiting Yanqing district in Beijing, the temperature plummeted, and some citizens even put on heavy coats again.
Such a variety of weather conditions have also made many Beijing residents feel a lot.
Street interview: Do you personally think the weather in Beijing is normal this year?
Moderator: On the long summer day, Beijing can be said to have experienced six weather phenomena. Before that, it snowed in Yanqing at the end of April. Is it normal or not to have such a weather phenomenon at this time?
Liu Shuhua: Snowfall in April is normal in Beijing.
Compere: Really? Then it seems that we have never met. It is still snowing in April.
Liu Shuhua: Yes, according to research, it snowed at the latest in Beijing before, and it rained before the beginning of May. Especially in Jingshan District, the temperature in the atmosphere itself is relatively low, and it rains, that is to say, after the precipitation falls into the atmosphere, the temperature drops to above zero, which is rain, to pay homage to ぁ ☆ ve → violin; If the temperature in the atmosphere is below zero, it will snow.
Moderator: Isn't it a bit unusual for Liu Jiaoshou and Changxia to have six kinds of climate phenomena on this day?
Liu Shuhua: This is normal. This reflects the disorder of the atmosphere, because there are strong convection caused by high surface temperature and thunderstorms. After the past, it was very cold when the cold air came. It is on this day that the surface temperature is relatively high, and on the day of summer solstice, cold air enters our country again, which is very normal and normal
Moderator: Director Zou, you have lived in Beijing for so long. Do you think the climate this year is different from previous years, especially in the long summer, where there are six kinds of weather a day? Do you seldom see the weather in Chifeng?
Zou: Just now Liu Jiaoshou said it was normal. I think it's the same as most people think. I also think it's still a little cold this year. Walking in the street that day, I heard a little girl next to me say that I have been wearing a down jacket for half a year this year, which shows that the cold time is still relatively long. Especially when you think of May Day, we see the flowers in full bloom and the leaves on the trees are very big. However, when I went to see the flowers on May 1 this year, I felt that the flowers were so pitiful that I didn't dare to come out. It seemed that I was afraid of freezing and the leaves were relatively small, so I felt that this year was still colder than previous years.
Compere: Has there been a similar situation before?
Zou: I used to feel that it was getting hot earlier. The weather seems very cold, which I have never experienced before.
Moderator: Now let's predict what the future climate will be like, for example, within a month. Will the temperature rise?
Liu Shuhua: There will be more and more precipitation this year. With the increase of surface evaporation, more heat will be taken away, so the surface temperature of the earth will naturally be low, and it can be predicted that it may be colder this summer.
Moderator: In fact, it is also good news for us. In fact, not only Beijing, but also many places in our country have suffered from abnormal climate phenomena. Let's tidy up together.