Motivation is a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The motor is powered by battery or power supply to rotate the starting shaft. Some motors are powered by DC power (such as batteries), while others are powered by AC power. Although there are many ways to design the motor, the principle is the same.

There are two physical principles that lay the foundation for the operation of the motor. The first principle is the law of electromagnetic induction, which was discovered by British scientist and inventor michael faraday in 183 1 year. The content is that if a conductor passes through a magnetic field or changes the magnetic field intensity of a closed loop through static conduction, an induced current will be generated in the conductor. In contrast, the second principle refers to the electromagnetic reaction, which was observed by the French physicist Andre Maria Ampere in 1820.

Therefore, if a charged conductor (such as a copper wire) is placed in a magnetic field, it will be subjected to a force. The conductor is wound many times, each time in the right position, and there is current in the conductor. The force generated at this time will make the coil rotate. When the coil rotates, the shaft of the motor also rotates.

Various parts of the motor

The motor consists of two basic units: one is the field, that is, an electromagnet with a coil; The other is the armature, which is a mechanism to support the conductor, which cuts the magnetic field and transmits the excitation current in the motor.

Field visit

In order to be familiar with all parts of the motor, we visited the workshop of the engineering department of Matareye-Helwan University. We saw many engines of different sizes and how they worked. Obviously, when electric energy is input into them, they can generate kinetic energy (motion) to drive any machine.

We also saw a generator, which, contrary to an electric motor, converts kinetic energy into electric energy.

Motor parts

A wooden box.

An electric key used to switch the switch state.

Core plate with insulation between surfaces

armature

Test the small fan of the motor.

Wires and plugs

Install the motor on the wooden box as shown in the photo taken at the end of the demonstration.

Test motor

Connect the plug to the AC power supply.

Turn on the switch.

The passing current turns the iron core into an electromagnet.

The armature starts to rotate with the small fan.

Turn off the current and stop the motor.