Anyi, the ancient city name, is one of the capitals of Xia Dynasty. Located in Xiazhang Town, Xia County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, fengcun Qinglong River North Bank, East Xiafeng Site. After the Xia Dynasty monarch initiated and put down the "bullying chaos", he moved the capital from Yangzhai to Anyi, which was located in the Western Han Dynasty and was divided into two counties in the year of Shen Jiayuan, the great ancestor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the tenth year of Taihe, the administration of Bei 'Anyi County moved eastward and changed its name to Xia County, which remained unchanged until 20 18.

Anyi was the early capital of Wei during the Warring States Period. 3 1 year, Wei Huiwang moved its capital to Daliang.

Basic introduction

English Name: Anyi Category: China Heritage Location: Dongxiafeng Site, Dongxiafeng Village, Xiazhang Town, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province Ancient Administrative Status: One of the Capital Cities of Xia Dynasty Honor: Overview, Historical Evolution, Site, Modern Anyi, Introduction, Ownership and Overview of Anyi The ancient capital city [y] is in Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province today. Nearby is the early capital of Wei during the Warring States Period, now the site of Yuwangcheng. In the early Warring States period, the territory of Wei was mainly in Hedong, with Anyi as its capital. With the continuous expansion of Wei's territory in the East, the main territory of Wei has become Henan, and Anyi is located in the corner of Hedong, which is not conducive to controlling the eastern princes and stabilizing hegemony. In the sixth year, that is, in the first 364 years, Wei moved the capital to Daliang. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Anyi became the administrative office of Hedong County and Anyi County. Interestingly, in the second year of Han Xingping, Anyi was temporarily designated as the capital for nearly a year. Historical Evolution Yu Xia divided China into Kyushu. Anyi belongs to Jizhou, which is the land of Hou Guo. In the 2nd/Kloc-0th century BC, Yu Xia's son established his capital here. Fan Wenlan's "General History of China" contains: "Qi gave up Yang Zhai, moved to the west to build Anyi". Zhou belongs to the state of Jin, named after it. During the Warring States period, it was called Anyi. After Han, Zhao and Wei divided into three parts, Wei ruled Wei, all in Anyi. Qin called Anyi County, which belongs to Hedong County and is the seat of county governance. Anyi County was established in the Han Dynasty, and the county was ruled in today's Yuwangcheng. The Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty followed the old system and were called Anyi County. The first year of the Northern Wei Dynasty was North Anyi, and South Anyi was set up 20 kilometers south of Anyi. In the eighteenth year of Emperor Xiaowen Taihe, the county moved to the east of Bei 'anyi County, 7.5 kilometers, and was renamed Xia, which was the beginning of Xia County's name and belonged to Hebei County. The Northern Zhou Dynasty was changed to Anyi County, and the county was ruled in today's Yu Wangcheng. In the sixteenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, Yuzhou was established. In the early years of the great cause, Yuzhou was abolished and the county was transferred to Hedong County. In the Tang Dynasty, Hedong County was abandoned and changed to Yuzhou County. Zhenguan changed to Jiangzhou in seventeen years. In the first year of Dazu, it was changed to Shaanxi and soon returned to Jiangzhou. The most moral load was renamed Yu Yi. The following year, Gan Yuan returned to Shaanxi. Song belongs to Shaanxi Province. Jin Zhen _ three years belongs to Jiezhou. Yuan still attacked the old system. Ming belongs to Pingyang County Jiezhou. Qing belongs to Zhili to solve the state. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Xiezhou was abolished and belonged to Hedong Road. 19 years, the orthodoxy was abolished and it was directly under Shanxi province; In 26 years, it belongs to the seventh administrative region of Yuncheng; 3 1 year, Xiaxian Anti-Japanese Democratic County was established. At the end of 32 years of the Republic of China, the area north of Tongpu Railway in Xia County was designated as a land-based anti-Japanese democratic county. In the spring of 1933, Kang Jie Anti-Japanese Democratic County was established in Nanhe Village, Zhongtiaoshan, and the south of Yaoxian Canal was designated as An Xia Office. The following winter, the offices in Kang Jie County and An Xia were cancelled. In 35 years, Luji County was abolished and the original organizational system was restored; It is under the jurisdiction of the third institution of Taiyue Administrative Region; In 36 years, 14 July, liberation and democracy were established. In 65438+February, 37, it was changed to the jurisdiction of Lvliang District in Jinsui Border Region; In the summer of 38 years of the Republic of China, it belonged to Yuncheng area, and in June of the same year it belonged to Jinnan area. 1950 belongs to Yuncheng area; 1954 belongs to Jinnan institution; 1958 10, most areas of Xiaxian, Wenxi and Jiangxian were merged into wenxi county, with wenxi county as the county; 1961May Xia County Resettlement; 1970 May 2 1 belongs to Yuncheng organization. On June 365438+1October 3 1 day, 2000, Yuncheng was demolished and built, and Xia County was under Yuncheng City. There is also a Yuwangcheng site near the site, which is located 7.5 kilometers northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province. There are still ruins of the city wall. Due to the rise of several times, the city site has three urban circles of different ages. Dacheng belongs to the early Warring States period, which spans the loess hills and the plain below Mingtiaogang, with a perimeter of 15.5km and a trapezoid shape with narrow north and wide south. Except the northwest corner of the city 1km section, the width of the wall foundation is 10- 12m. In the middle of the big city, there is a square town with a circumference of 3,270 meters, with a wall width of 5-6 meters and a terrain higher than the surrounding ground 1-4 meters. Miyagi may have been built at the same time as the big city, but the base address of the palace has not been found yet. As for the 6,500-meter-long middle wall around the southwest of the big city, it may have been built during the reign of Hedong County in the Qin and Han Dynasties. The cultural layers from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty are all over the King City of Wuyu Thousand Languages, with a thickness of 2-3 meters, and the remains are extremely rich. A large number of cultural relics have been unearthed, such as Fan Tao, five baht of Han Dynasty, etc. Especially the mud fan with five baht is the most precious. There are 12-character square bricks with seal characters on the top and animal heads on the bottom, which are unique in the ruins of the same period. It is the best preserved site in the Warring States-Qin and Han Dynasties in China, and was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit in 1988. Another relic, Yuwangtai, also known as Qingtai, is a place of worship for Dayu in past dynasties. Destroyed by war before liberation, it left a rammed earth platform in the southeast corner of the town. According to local legend, it belongs to his wife's palace terrace. The legendary "Du Yu An Yi" refers to this place. It is said that Xia Qi built his capital here after he ascended the throne. Jay lives there again. Brief introduction of modern Anyi modern place names. East Anyi Sub-district Office, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. During the Northern Wei Dynasty in 428, the former Anyi County was divided into two counties, the southern Anyi County was located here. After North Anyi was renamed Xia County, Nan 'an was called Anyi. Anyi is now mainly composed of four streets: North Street, South Street, East Street and West Street. It belongs to the county, and there is a part of an ancient famous salt lake "Xiechi". In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the convenience of salt transportation and salt administration. Phoenix was built by Yanchi in the west of the city and later evolved into Yuncheng County. Anyi changed from county to town.

The first capital of Xia dynasty

As the first dynasty in the history of China, the capital of Xia Dynasty was divided into three places according to different historical periods, mainly distributed in the south of Shanxi and the west of Henan, and there were mainly three capitals, which are listed as follows:

The first capital, belonging to the early summer culture, was located in Dengfeng City, Wang Wan, Longshan, Henan Province. During the Longshan period in the Xia Dynasty, it occupied more than 300,000 square meters, namely Yangcheng, which was recorded in the history books as "Yu Ju Yangcheng". From Yu Xia to Taikang, the reigning emperor established the capital for more than 100 years. After Dayu succeeded in harnessing water, he became the master of the world. In order to rule the southern region, he chose Yangcheng as his capital, which is now Dengfeng Wang Chenggang.

Secondly, Xiadu in the middle of Xia Dynasty is a new ancient city named Xinzhai, represented by the newly discovered archaeological sites in xinmi city. The duration ranged from "Taikang lost his country" to "Houyi replaced Xia", and the specific reigning emperors were Taikang and Houyi. The capital was founded less than 100 years ago. After Taikang lost his country because of extravagance, the capital of Houyi and Han Jue in the strongmen period is now the Xinzhai site in xinmi city. Archaeological findings show that the destruction of the old city was also caused by Shao Kang's move to the capital after Zhongxing.

Thirdly, in the middle and late Xia Dynasty, Erlitou culture, represented by Erlitou site in yanshi city, Luoyang, lasted from "the revival of Shao" to the demise of Xia Jie. The specific reigning emperors were from Shao Kang to Xia Jie, whose capital was established for more than 200 years. Erlitou is the capital of the late Xia Dynasty, which is now Erlitou culture. Its influence area is very small, which is insignificant compared with the rising Shang Dynasty at that time, so it was replaced by Shang Dynasty.

In addition, the newly excavated Taosi site in Jinnan, Shanxi Province should belong to the early Xia culture, and the recently excavated Shiwa Huangchengtai site should also be a large city site. As we all know, Taosi died in a rocky headland, which has been recognized by historians, and is also in line with the records in the annals of bamboo books, forcing Shun Di to "meditate" after Dayu became powerful. Taosi belongs to the early summer, but whether it is the capital of Xia Dynasty needs further study and demonstration by experts. But what should be mentioned above is that historians have reached a consensus on the understanding of the three capitals of Xia Dynasty.

Name of capital of Xia dynasty

There were 17 countries in Xia Dynasty, namely: Chong, Yangcheng, Yangzhai, Zhen _, Shangqiu, Luncheng, Pingyang and _.

Poor Stone, Xiayi, Diqiu, Yuan, Laoqiu and Xihe.

1, Xiadui _

At the beginning of Yuchu, Yangcheng was the capital. Some scholars infer that the location is Gaocheng Town, Dengfeng County, Henan Province. Taikang moved the capital to splash _, that is, near Erlitou Village, Yanshi, Henan. The main activity center of Xia Dynasty was in Luoyang area, and the place with the longest capital was Zhu.

Thousands of years have passed, and the old city has already been buried underground, so it is difficult for people to find historical sites. 1959 In the spring, Mr. Xu discovered Erlitou site in the south of Erlitou Village, 9 kilometers southwest of Yanshi County, which attracted the attention of archaeologists and historians.

In the same year, the Luoyang excavation team of the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences excavated Erlitou site and found the cultural accumulation after Longshan culture in Henan Province. Archaeology originally named Erlitou culture as the representative of Xia culture. After more than 40 years of archaeological excavation and interdisciplinary research of the national "Xia Shang Zhou Dating Project", Erlitou site was determined as the capital of Xia Dynasty.

2. Du Yu Yangcheng

Dayu succeeded Shun as the leader of the tribal alliance because of his meritorious service in water control. After he ascended the throne, he established the Xia Dynasty and made Yangcheng his capital. Later, the archaeological site of Wang Chenggang was excavated here.

3. Qidu Foreign House

Qi is the son of Dayu. After he acceded to the throne, he took Yang Zhai as his capital and became a vassal of the Southern Juntai Conference. Yang Zhai is now Xuchang Yuzhou. It is also speculated that the archaeological site of Xinmixinzhai in Zhengzhou is near Yuzhou, which is the capital of Xia Qi.

4. Dakang Exile: Yang Xia

Taikang went out hunting, and the capital was occupied by Houyi, the leader of the dome clan. Taikang fled to Yang Xia and died there, which is now Taikang County in Zhoukou.

5. Small court in Zhongkang: Hey _

After Hou Yi seized power, he moved from _ to poor rock. Taikang's younger brother, Zhong Kang, established a small regime called Wang Xia, which was secretly supported by some governors and Fang Bo.

Step 6 move to Diqiu

After Zhong Kang's death, his sons succeeded to the throne one after another, and their influence developed, which aroused the vigilance of Hou Yi and his subordinate Han Zhuo. Under the pressure of Hou Yi, he was forced to move to Diqiu, where he was supported and helped by the Yi people and his power further developed. Diqiu is located in Wuxing Township, Puyang County, Puyang City. It is said that it was the residence of the ancient emperor Zhuan Xu, and later became the capital of defending the country in the Spring and Autumn Period.

7. Shao Kang's road to escape and rejuvenate the country: There are dangers, obstacles and _

Hou Yi was killed by his subordinate Han Zhuo and usurped power. Han Zhuo sent his son to douse _ surname and _ surname and attack Diqiu to kill Xiang. After Xiang's wife fled to her parents' home, she still kept her surname and gave birth to a posthumous child-Shao Kang.

When Shao Kang grew up, in order to avoid the pursuit of the water army, he fled to Yu Department, where he was responsible for food supply, married two women, a tribal leader, and got a fief.

Based on this, Shao Kang established armed forces, developed and expanded, and finally wiped out the country with birds of a feather, killed Han Zhuo and his son, and returned to Beijing to rejuvenate the country.

8. Move to the old hill.

Shao Kang's son is also an accomplished King of Xia. The rule of the dynasty was further expanded, and the capital was moved to the original site north of the Yellow River. Later, in order to conquer the Dongyi tribe, it moved from its original place to Laoqiu.

9. The Yin family moved to Xihe.

Since then, Finland, Mang, Xie, Bu, Yi and other countries have remained unchanged. After Yin Jia, the son of Kun, succeeded to the throne, he moved the king to Xihe. The exact location of Xihe River cannot be verified, probably in the southwest of Shanxi. After Yin Jia died, his son Kong Jia succeeded to the throne. He was the king of the defeated country. During this period, Xia Dynasty's political affairs were deserted and gradually lost people's hearts. The next Gao Hefa will be in office for a short time.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Xia Dynasty

Anyi, the capital of Xia Jie

A Study on the Ancient History of Tang Zhi, a Bird Zun Zhen Unearthed from Hou Xie's Tomb in Jin Dynasty: It seems that the question of Xia Dynasty has been basically settled. Judging from the Erlitou type and Dongxia peak type of Xia culture recognized by academic circles, the central scope of Wang Xia's rule is mainly in Heluo area of Henan Province and Yuncheng basin of Shanxi Province. Just as Yin Ruins are the appellation of Shang Dynasty ruins, the word Xia Dynasty ruins refers to the ruins of Xia Dynasty capital. So, is Erlitou site a summer site? The precious bronze bird statue unearthed from the tomb of Shanxi Jinhou may reveal this mystery! The origin of the Xia ruins, looking for the beginning of the Xia dynasty, means the ruins of the Xia state, that is, the ruins of the capital of the Xia dynasty. How did the word Xia Ruins come from Erlitou Ruins in Yanshi, Henan Province? In fact, it appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. ""Tang Shu was ordered by the Tao, which was the imperial edict of the Tang Dynasty and was sealed in the summer ruins. What is the meaning of this passage "Zuo Zhuan Ding Gong Four Years"? Let's talk about it later. Let's go back to the contemporary era and look at the search process of Xia ruins. 1926, shortly after the founding of the Republic of China, Japan has not launched a war of aggression against China, and China is in a short period of peaceful founding. This year, Mr. Li Ji, known as the "Father of Archaeology in China", presided over a prehistoric archaeology in Yin Xi Village, Xia County, Shaanxi Province at that time. It was this archaeology that started China's search for the ruins of the Summer Palace. Li Ji chose Xihuayin Village. . . Part of the reason is that it is located in the center of Wang Du in the legendary Xia Dynasty, the pioneering period of China's history. Two years after the publication of Autobiography of Li Ji, the archaeological excavation of Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province, which was presided over by Dong Zuobin, was the beginning for the academic circles to prove history through archaeology. It marks the birth of archaeology in China. Although Yin ruins were discovered, the search for Xia ruins had to be terminated due to the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. This stop is decades. 1959, it was not until the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China that Mr. Xu Xudong led a team to conduct field archaeological investigation in western Henan. The search for the Xia Dynasty began again. Xu, whose name is Bing Chang, is from tanghe county, Henan. Xu Xusheng Lao Xu studied in France in his early years. 19 19 After returning to China, he has served as a professor, provost and president of Beijing Normal University, editor and researcher of the History Research Institute of Beiping Research Institute, and director of the China History Research Institute. After 1949, he became the chairman of the leading group of Beiping Research Institute, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences, and wrote many books. As a pioneer in the study of Xia culture, Mr. Xu pointed out as early as in the article "On the Study of Xia Culture".

Yin Ruins are the old hills of the capital of Xia Dynasty.

Do you mean Shang Dynasty? Then why was the Shang Dynasty called the Yin Dynasty?

It refers to the Shang Dynasty!

The Tang dynasty was destroyed because it was sealed in the commercial land, with "Shang" as the national title. After his descendant Pan Geng moved to Yin, he called it Yin or Yin Shang. Because the last capital of Shang Dynasty was in Yin, it was also called Yin Shang. Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed from Yin Ruins.

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