Li Siguang (1889165438+10/8-1971April 29th, 2008), a Mongolian with a middle arch, was originally named Li Zhongkai./kloc-. He is a world-famous scientist, geologist, educator and social activist, and the founder of modern earth science and geological work in China. One of the founders and main leaders of China's geological cause.

Li Siguang's greatest contribution is to establish geomechanics, study the phenomenon of crustal movement from the mechanical point of view, explore the laws of geological movement and mineral distribution, the characteristics of the new Cathaysian tectonic system, and analyze the geological conditions in China, which shows that there must be oil on the land of China. Theoretically, it overturns the conclusion that China is poor in oil and affirms that China has good oil storage conditions. After listening to the report carefully, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai supported his point of view, and according to his suggestion, they started a large-scale oil survey in Songliao Plain and North China Plain. From 65438 to 0956, he personally presided over the oil survey and exploration. In a short period of time, he successively discovered Daqing, Shengli, Dagang, Huabei, Jianghan and other oil fields, and made immortal contributions to China's oil industry. From the late 1950s to the 1960s, the exploration departments successively discovered the major oilfields such as Nianji Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Huabei Oilfield. When the national construction was in urgent need of energy, rolling oil appeared. In this way, not only did China get rid of the "poor oil" hat, but Li Siguang's original geomechanics theory was also the most powerful proof.

Chen (1912.1.22-April 8, 2004), a geologist in China. A native of Xinhui County, Guangdong Province, 1928 was admitted to the science department of Sun Yat-sen University, and 1930 was promoted to the undergraduate geology department. 1934 After graduation, he entered the Institute of Geology of Beijing Research Institute for postgraduate study. After obtaining his degree, he worked in Guangdong-Guangxi Geological Survey and Jiangxi Geological Survey successively. 1945- 1952 Professor of Sun Yat-sen University; 1952, professor, vice president of Central South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, director of Changsha Institute of Structure, China Academy of Sciences. He is an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and served as the vice chairman of the International Committee on Mineral Deposit Structure. His main contribution is to establish diwa theory and diwa metallogenic theory, discover and clarify the active area of the third tectonic unit of continental crust, and push the geotectonic theory to a new height. Since J Hull published the viewpoint of geosyncline theory in 1859, J·D· Dana further developed this theory in 1873. According to the traditional view of this theory, there are only two basic structural units: geosyncline and platform. From 65438 to 0956, Professor Chen analyzed the fact that the crust moved strongly again after the relatively stable platform stage, broke through the shackles of geosyncline theory, demonstrated and clearly put forward that it was the third basic structural unit besides geosyncline and platform, and called it active area.

In order to express a diwa basin held in this structural area, it is emphasized that its first-order structural unit, which is juxtaposed with geosyncline and platform area, is also called diwa area in 1959, thus establishing a complete and systematic concept of diwa area.