The Zhangjia ancestral hall in the west of Lizhuang Town covers an area of nearly 4,000 square meters. It was nineteen years of Qing Daoguang.
Lizhuang Ancient Town
In AD 1840, the Zhang family headed by Mr. Zhang raised 660 taels of silver and bought a mansion from the family. In order to express the love of Zhang's descendants for their ancestors, it was enshrined in the ancestral hall.
The main body of this ancestral temple is a quadrangle-style wooden structure with the main hall above and the main hall below. The 50 windows and doors in its hall are unique. Each door is carved with fine nan wood, with 2 cranes and 50 windows of * * * hundred cranes, which are different in shape and lifelike, surrounded by flying colors and clouds, and are called "Hundred Crane Xiangyun" windows. According to Zhang's Genealogy, the cost of carving each door and window of Zhang's ancestral hall is 14 silver, which is equivalent to one month's salary of a righteous official in Qing Dynasty. During his inspection, Mr. Liang Sicheng also marveled at such exquisite architectural art. He once called the White Crane Window, Wenchang Palace, Kuixing Pavilion and Wang Yu Temple Kowloon Monument in Zhangjia Temple "four wonders of Li Zhuang".
It is worth mentioning that during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, thousands of boxes of precious cultural relics in the Palace Museum were transported to Lizhuang through hardships and kept in Zhangjiamiao for five or six years. During this period, more than ten national institutions of higher learning and research institutions, such as Academia Sinica, Central Museum, China Architecture Society, Jinling University and Tongji University, moved to Lizhuang, where famous experts and scholars gathered and became one of the cultural centers behind the Anti-Japanese War. Mr. Liang Sicheng of China Architecture Society wrote his masterpiece "Architectural History of China" in Lizhuang, and many cultural relics exhibitions including "Peking Man" skull fossils were held in Zhangjiaci.
Yugong
Now known as Huiguang Temple, it was built in Qing Daoguang 1 1 year (183 1 year). It faces south and consists of a main courtyard and two quadrangles. The main courtyard has buildings such as the mountain gate, the theater, the main hall, the back hall, the Kuixing Pavilion and the wing room. The gate and the theater are double eaves, and the eaves are decorated with wishful arches. The whole building is very magnificent. On the gate of Dashanmen, the original plaque praising Dayu's water control and the stone couplets on both sides were inscribed by Zhang Song, an academician of the former Qing Dynasty. The stage in the temple is one of the most intact ancient stages in Sichuan, and there is a single-hook relief of ancient opera stories on the base of the stage. 1942 In May, the 35th anniversary of National Tongji University was held here. Tongji University and Jiang 'an National Theatre jointly staged Cao Yu's representative works Thunderstorm and Sunrise. The Imperial Palace is the largest existing Qing Dynasty building in Lizhuang, where the Kowloon Stone Monument is very famous.
Jiulongbei
Located in Huiguang Temple, the Kowloon Stone Monument is 2.7 meters high and 1.3 meters wide, with nine carvings.
Lizhuang Ancient Town
There are eight dragons swimming in the sea of clouds. Except the middle one, the other eight dragons are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. Every dragon can distinguish its head, body and tail carefully, and there is a treasure hidden in the dragon's mouth that can be rotated without falling out. The implication is that Dayu and the dragon of the river are subdued, and nine rivers in the world lead to the sea. From then on, there will be no more floods in the world, benefiting the whole people. Second, it means the unification of Kyushu.
dongyue temple
Another famous ancient building in Lizhuang Ancient Town was once the seat of Tongji University's Engineering Department.
Kuixingge
Kuixing Pavilion is located in the protruding part of the Yangtze River at the tail of Lizhuang Town. Built in the early years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, it is a three-story building with all-wood structure. Kuixing Pavilion is located by the river, and ships sailing up and down can see it from 10, so it has the function of navigation. Kuixing Pavilion was once praised by Liang Sicheng as "the best pavilion built along the Yangtze River more than 2,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Yibin".
Rotating spiral temple
Spiral Hall is located on Shi Niu Mountain, 2.5km north of Lizhuang Town. The Great Hall was built in the 24th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1596), with a height of 25m, an octagonal shape, a depth of 8m and a width of 8m. It has three double eaves outside and two floors inside. It is a blue tile with eight vertical ridges, on which animals and beasts are hung. The roof slope is gentle, the roof top and eight wing angles are not very high, the proportion is symmetrical, the lines are soft, the style is unique and the shape is beautiful. The internal structure is cleverly designed and supported by mechanical principles. Its main characteristics: the beam frame is supported by hanging beam, which is the same as the general one.
Lizhuang Ancient Town
The types of ancient buildings with overlapping beams are extremely exquisite, with bucket arch structure and three styles on the three eaves, but under the same roof, the format is slightly different, which is quite different from the official structure of Song and Qing Dynasties. On the top of caisson, bucket arches are stacked on eight sides to form a net pattern, which turns to the top to the right, like a spiral snail, tall and beautiful, with no nails on the upper and lower floors, but extremely strong.
When Liang Sicheng was in Lizhuang, he once praised Lizhuang's folk architecture, saying that there are "four wonders of Lizhuang": 1) Kuixing Pavilion is the best pavilion built along the Yangtze River from Shanghai to Yibin for more than 2000 kilometers; (2) Like the Kowloon Stone in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City, the Kowloon Stone Monument in Yu Palace is a "pearl" on the "treasure crown"; (3) The window of the white crane Xiangyun in Zhangjiamiao is carved with a whole piece of nanmu, surrounded by hollow Xiangyun, and there are two cranes on the window. Each window has a different shape, beautiful shape; (4) The Snail Pavilion is located on Shi Niu in the south of Zhennan, which is a magnificent building in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. It is characterized by a wooden structure with tenons and arches. Liang Sicheng visited many times and praised "its excellent beam-column structure is quite proud of its contemporary works". He also borrowed, inherited and creatively applied the mechanics principle created by this skillful craftsman to the design of the roof of the 1945 United Nations conference building, and took it as an example of an ancient building he wrote in Li Zhuang's Architectural History of China. This is the inheritance and innovation of the cultural heritage of Lizhuang residential buildings. Tradition nourishes innovation; Inherit the glory of continuing life through innovation. In the new era, the two have achieved a win-win situation and generated new vitality.
Zushidian
The ancestral temple, also known as Zhenwu Palace, was built in the 13th year of Qing Daoguang (1833), and was built by the lantern festival organized by folk gangs, covering an area of 4,349 square meters. It is a quadrangle-style building, and the back hall is independent of the backyard. [1] In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (1905), due to the establishment of Lizhuang Central Ethnic School in Nanxi County, Dashanmen and Theater were demolished and rebuilt. [1] The ancestral hall is the seat of Tongji Medical College. Entering the depths of the alley, I suddenly saw a tall door, next to an old elm tree with green leaves. Inside are four or five stone platforms the size of ping-pong tables, which are located in weeds. Tongji teachers and students dissected the body here that year. Once a fellow villager climbed to the ancestral temple, saw the body below and rolled down in fear. Then spread the rumor that Tongji teachers and students eat people. In order to quell rumors, Fu Sinian is determined to hold a popular science exhibition. And because the whole Academia Sinica and the Central Museum moved here at that time, countless exhibitions were held in the end. The exhibition was a sensation in all directions, and celebrities from all over Chongqing came to visit it. Think about it, what a great thing it will be to display everything in the National Palace Museum in Taiwan one day.
Mo Lifeng Mountain Villa
Liang Sicheng also described Mo Lifeng Villa (Chestnut Cave), located about 5 kilometers southwest of Lizhuang Town, as a masterpiece of southern Sichuan dwellings. this
Lizhuang Ancient Town
A villa has now fallen; If we can repair and innovate its scale, momentum and cultural connotation, it will be no less than Jiaqianshan Village in Jiang 'an, Yibin, which has been listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. It was here that the popular science exhibition was held. The villa is very beautiful, with relief stone carvings and exquisite workmanship. Painted unicorns, bats and magpies symbolize happiness and longevity, and are also valuable aesthetic culture in folk customs.
Gujie lane
As a famous historical and cultural town, Lizhuang has preserved 18 ancient streets and lanes in Ming and Qing Dynasties. These streets and lanes are paved with strip or square stone slabs, with stone steps one meter wide on both sides. The names of streets and lanes are named according to their location, characteristics or the concentrated activities of a businessman. Ruyang Street was a cattle and sheep trading market in ancient times. Xi Xiang is an alley named after the processing and sales of straw mats in the front shop and the back factory. This alley, which was built in the early Qing Dynasty, is 60 meters long and 2.5 meters wide, and is surrounded by two-story buildings with wooden structures and blue tiles. On weekdays, mat lane is very quiet and leisurely. Only three or two women, old people and children sit on the stone steps and play quietly. Xizi Lane is the representative of Lizhuang Ancient Street Lane.
Siheyuan; siheyuan;?quadrangle?dwellings
Looking from a height, Li Zhuang's houses are almost all blue bricks and gray tiles, and large and small quadrangles are connected along the street. The area of small quadrangles is about 150 to 200 square meters; The area of large quadrangles ranges from several hundred to several thousand square meters. The patio in the quadrangle can be said to be an important part of Lizhuang quadrangle, which is covered with strips of green slate and has a good drainage system. Its main functions are lighting, leisure and washing clothes. Some also have a nursery for growing flowers and plants.
Lao liquor cellar
In addition to the old streets and quadrangles, there are several old wineries and wine cellars in Xiaozhuang Ancient Town. Yibin region has a long history of brewing, where the famous China liquor "Wuliangye" is produced, and the brewing industry is very popular and prosperous. Although these old wineries have experienced hundreds of years of vicissitudes, they still retain the original appearance of mellow traditional winemaking techniques.
The old winery in Lizhuang was run by the factory director Zhou for generations. The winemakers in the factory are all from Lizhuang Town. Although most of them are strong men in their thirties, they have been engaged in brewing for twenty or thirty years. They work in the wine cellar every day, brew sorghum liquor in obscurity, sell it locally, and do not compete with the famous Wuliangye liquor in Yibin. Of course, they have their own fun every day. After work, they can enjoy drinking some of their own sorghum wine.