Physical characteristics, such as height, weight, posture, senses, etc. ;
② Psychological characteristics, such as intelligence, memory, perception and judgment;
Special abilities, such as music, art, social skills, etc.
④ Experience, such as knowledge, interest and attitude;
(5) temperament, that is, the expression of emotions, such as excitement or tranquility, happiness or melancholy;
Will, that is, the self-control of behavior, the power to overcome difficulties, if broken or hesitant.
Wait;
Social infrastructure includes? What are there? Infrastructure refers to the physical engineering facilities that provide public services for social production and residents' life, and it is a public service system used to ensure the normal social and economic activities of a country or region. It is a general material condition for social survival and development.
Infrastructure includes transportation, post and telecommunications, water supply and power supply, commercial services, scientific research and technical services, landscaping, environmental protection, cultural education, health services and other municipal public works facilities and public life service facilities. They are the foundation of national economic development. In modern society, the more the economy develops, the higher the requirements for infrastructure; Perfect infrastructure plays a great role in accelerating social and economic activities and promoting the evolution of its spatial distribution model. It often takes a long time and huge investment to build a perfect infrastructure. For new and expanded projects, especially major projects and base construction far away from cities, priority should be given to the development of infrastructure, so that benefits can be brought into play as soon as possible after the project is completed.
According to this lecture, positive emotions include what aspects of opposing emotions can appear simultaneously or successively in the same event. For example, the relatives of martyrs who died heroically for a noble cause not only realized the sense of honor of the martyrs who died for their country, but also deeply felt the sadness of losing their loved ones. This experience reflects the indomitable spirit of revolutionaries.
What is human non-sociality? Is there such a problem? If there is, I think it can be understood that human beings are individuals themselves, that is, the natural attribute of human beings is individuality (that is, non-sociality). People were born in a specific social relationship and have been in this ever-changing social relationship, so the essential attribute of human beings is sociality (that is, sociality).
According to this lecture, what aspects of emotional regulation can be summarized as: sensitive, but unstable; Strong, but relatively fragile; Change quickly, but not permanently; Impulse, lack of rational control. There are normal emotions and abnormal emotions. Emotions can be divided into positive emotions and negative emotions. Positive emotions are beneficial to people's health and development, while negative emotions are harmful to people's health and hinder our study, work and life. So adjust your mood. Emotional adjustment includes cognitive adjustment, rational control, rational venting, psychological relaxation, behavioral adjustment and rational sublimation. Cognitive adjustment: Facing the same problem, different attitudes and ideas can be produced from different angles. Rational control: When we don't have time to think or think about a phenomenon, when we are emotional, we should control it rationally. Reasonable venting: When you are in a bad mood, you can talk to your classmates, friends, relatives and teachers. Or keep a diary. Psychological relaxation: You can relax your muscles and adjust your mood by taking a deep breath. Behavior adjustment: adjust mood by enjoying natural scenery and places of interest, doing sports, listening to music, shopping and other activities to divert attention. Rational sublimation: look at the problem from a broad perspective, demand yourself with higher goals, and sublimate your emotions. Different methods are used to face different problems.
But I'm not afraid! Not only that: I know how to study.
Have to face one thing! The point is: I know how to handle one thing calmly! Listen to Zheng Zhihua's Sailor, and you will want to be that brave sailor!
What are the social development aspects of children? 1. The overall goal of social education:
I can live a happy life in kindergarten, take an active part in various activities, be curious, energetic and confident;
2. Be willing to associate with others, trust parents, teachers and other adults, and get along well with peers;
③ Gradually form self-concept and positive self-esteem, and have basic control ability;
④ Being able to know the surrounding social environment, gradually understand the basic social behavior rules, and develop good social behavior habits;
⑤ Understand the national culture, and be interested in and willing to accept the cultures of ethnic minorities in China and other countries in the world;
⑥ Being able to identify and distinguish basic emotions, express and adjust their own emotions in an appropriate way, and understand others' emotions;
2, the specific content of social education goals:
① Self-awareness
First, know yourself (including your own advantages and disadvantages, your own growth experience), like yourself, and be able to treat and evaluate yourself correctly;
Second, believe that you can do what you can, and feel happy and satisfied from it;
Third, you can express your ideas to adults and peers in an appropriate way;
Fourth, you can control your behavior and adjust your emotions in an appropriate way.
② Interpersonal communication
First, I am good at communicating with people and willing to do my best to help people in trouble;
Second, respond to the demands of parents and teachers and express their needs to adults in an appropriate way;
Third, I am willing to share toys, food and other items with my peers, so that I can better cooperate and interact with my peers in the activities and feel happiness and sadness together.
Fourth, I like kindergarten and my own class, and care about the teachers and peers in the class;
Fifth, gradually master some skills of interacting with peers.
③ Social environment and social norms
First, understand the different rules and requirements of kindergarten activities, and develop the habit of carrying out activities according to the rules;
Second, understand the relationship between yourself and your family, kindergarten and other surrounding environment;
Third, like your family, kindergarten, community and city;
Fourth, gradually master the basic traffic rules, daily life rules and kindergarten learning activities rules and other social life rules.
④ Multiculturalism
First, understand the representative buildings and places of interest in your city;
Second, understand the traditional festivals of the nation and ethnic minorities, and understand the customs and habits of different ethnic groups in China;
Third, learn about some traditional festivals and customs in other parts of the world.
⑤ Emotion
First, we can distinguish some basic emotions, such as anger, sadness, happiness, love, hate and fear.
Second, you can express your emotional feelings to parents, teachers and peers in an appropriate way;
Third, be able to understand and feel the emotions of others and make appropriate responses according to their different emotions;
Fourth, you can adjust and control your emotions according to the situation without losing your temper.
What aspects of a society ruled by law were mentioned in this lecture? A society ruled by law is relative to a society ruled by men.
It refers to the implementation of state power and social relations in accordance with a clear legal order, and the coordination of interpersonal relationships to solve social disputes in accordance with strict and fair judicial procedures.
Everyone is equal before the law, rather than deciding political, economic and social affairs according to the personal preferences and personal relationships of the rulers. A mature society ruled by law has both spiritual and institutional factors, namely, the spirit of the rule of law and the system that embodies the spirit of the rule of law. In short, the spiritual level of the rule of law mainly refers to the universal recognition and resolute support of the whole society for the supremacy of law, and has developed the habit and consciousness of consciously abiding by laws and regulations and solving political, economic, social and civil disputes through legal or judicial procedures. In a democratic society ruled by law, laws and administrative regulations are produced and formulated through standardized democratic procedures, and their judicial and law enforcement processes are publicly supervised by the whole society through standardized order.
What are the social software in primary school teaching? 1. Overview of social software.
Nowadays, it is more and more common to use all kinds of software to develop personal interests and engage in social interaction. Social software is a new research content. As far as the research data distribution is concerned, it is mainly published in the form of network, and there is no monograph on systematic research. What is social software? There is no strict academic definition. In the article Foreign Language Teaching in the Age of Social Software, the author believes that social software is a kind of software that can help people build social networks, support social interaction and group communication and cooperation. In China, some social software researchers initiated the first online seminar on social software. In Zhuang's summary, we can see the understanding of social software by domestic researchers. The definition of social software includes the following three points:
1. Social software is first of all personal software and a personal network tool;
2. Social software builds social networks, including weak links, medium links and strong links;
3. Social software is the unity of individuality and sociality.
In fact, social software is based on the attribute of "sociality". Description: As a social individual, you can build social relationships through social software. And such social relations are very valuable. Social software, as a new software form, is constructed from human social networks. Its characteristics of personalization, humanization and cooperation conform to the contemporary teaching and learning concepts, and it is worth studying its application in teaching and learning.
Second, the application status of common social software in education
The popular and successful social software include QQ, MSN, Email (e-mail), IM (instant messaging), BBS (bulletin board system), wiki (wiki), personal blog (personal blog), Social Neorking Systems (social tag), Friendster:, personal blog, online blog and so on. In addition, there are various emerging social software, such as yahoo widget, moodle, online collaboration platform, and * * * platform for enjoying work plan or project management.
Among them, the author uses blogs, Wiki and yahoo widget in the field of education and teaching to support the teaching and learning research of teachers and students. According to the literature retrieval, as of September 2007, there were two articles about social software abroad and six articles about education in China, but there was no accurate article about social software supporting teachers and students' teaching and learning research.
1. About the educational application of blog
The application of blog in foreign education mainly focuses on the following aspects: 1) It is used to build students' study portfolios; 2) Vocational training for teachers; 3) As an auxiliary tool for classroom teaching; 4) Teachers reflect on diaries, etc.
In Taiwan Province province, blog is translated as "blog". In many schools (from primary school to university), students and teachers can apply for their own blog space. Usually, some blog tools are used to support the group function and are applied to different levels of education. In China, except for some applications in distance education, blogs are rarely used in classroom teaching to support students' learning. According to the survey, blog has become a teaching aid-some middle schools in Shanghai implement personalized teaching; The Future Education Center of South China Normal University has done early application practice in China, and has applied experience in undergraduate teaching such as teacher training and learning theory, and Huazhong Normal University has also begun to do research in this field. In addition, in terms of support for teachers, educational narrative platforms and educational blogs are more representative.
2. Research on the Educational Application of Wiki
Wikipedia mostly writes online encyclopedias. Application cases in school education. In China, Wikipedia is used as a tool for some academic research. For example, "Acupuncture Research and Teaching" by Xu Ping, director of the Literature Office and Educational Technology Research Office of the School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, is the first national research and content creation by Wiki teachers and students in China. In addition, educational technology researchers from Beijing Normal University and Shanghai Normal University have also carried out some applied research, such as Li Gou's postgraduate teaching experiment with Wiki as the platform for thesis writing. Wiki can be used in school education in three modes: as a supplement to classroom teaching; Instead of classroom teaching; Application in classroom teaching.
3. Yahoo widget Education Application
Simply put, a widget is a collection of tools that can be made by itself and downloaded for free, which contains many practical functions such as entertainment, work and study. In many places, there is a craze for making and searching Widget. At present, Yahoo USA has more than 3,000 Widget made by DIY users, and the number is increasing. However, judging from the papers consulted, it is still blank for education.
Third, the common social software supports teachers.
1. Social software can improve teachers' quality.
① Social software has built a broad platform and channel for teachers' lifelong learning. To cultivate learners with lifelong learning ability, as teachers, we should first make ourselves have lifelong learning ability and learn to learn. At the same time, the development of teachers' specialization puts forward higher and higher requirements for teachers' own learning ability. Teachers should not only have professional subject knowledge, but also have teachers' professional skills and professional feelings, all of which require us to speed up our learning.
② It promotes the exchange of experience and knowledge among teachers and breaks the traditional state that information isolation is difficult to communicate. For example, through blogs, the tacit knowledge of excellent and experienced teachers can be stored and disseminated, and young teachers can stand on the shoulders of their predecessors. By going to the next level, blogs play a vertical role in knowledge dissemination here. In addition, wiki can also form a horizontal communication community or theme community to share the experience and experience in communication teaching.
2. Social software can provide a teaching platform
An effective teaching platform can at least play a role in the key links in the teaching process, such as teaching, communication and assisted learning. This teaching management platform can be built based on blog technology, and the unified style and integrated function of blog are very close to the current teaching needs. Blog provides personalized information space, users can publish their own articles, comment on other people's blog articles, customize their own personalized pages, and subscribe to blog updates through RSS. Blogs also provide instant messaging tools with powerful background management functions.
Blog provides a powerful blog classification management function, which can summarize and classify the teaching management fields of the whole school, quickly build a teaching platform based on blog, and open the blog function to teachers and students. We can establish the following blog categories: course blog, professional blog, special blog, class blog and personal blog. For example, the course blog mainly aims at educational technology, tourism economics, human resource management, multimedia technology and other courses used for teaching, and establishes a blog with the course name. In these course blogs, teachers publish course-related teaching contents, teaching requirements and background information for teaching and students' learning.
3. Social software can change teaching methods.
The application of social software helps to realize the integration of face-to-face teaching and online teaching. For example, the instant recording function of blog basically retains the dynamic characteristics of teachers' thinking, students can put forward their own ideas for each thinking segment, and teachers will give lectures on students' problems, thus forming a dynamic record of teacher-student interaction in the learning process. This form can make students fully contact with different opinions and accept different viewpoints, and at the same time, teachers can further improve teaching content and teaching methods.
Social software can also promote the combination of individual and group teaching. Teachers often have to face a large number of students when teaching. At this time, it is difficult to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, study individually and give individual counseling. The emergence of social software provides the possibility to solve this problem. Students can communicate with teachers through social software such as blogs, wikis and QQ. In these softwares, students can learn about teachers' educational ideas and express their own understanding and opinions. Teachers can also use social software such as blogs and wikis as communication spaces to learn more about students' needs and make teaching more targeted. The communication between teachers and students in social software is still open, and more help information can be obtained. Moreover, this kind of communication was recorded in time and deposited as knowledge for future reflection and reference. It not only promotes the growth of students, but also benefits the development of teachers. In addition, expert blogs can be recommended for students to choose according to their hobbies and needs.
Fourth, social software supports students.
1. Social software can expand and manage learning resources.
Internet provides learners with rich learning resources. Take the blog jeast an example. /home/) and blog (:blog.online-edu. /zxl) Taking Teacher Zhuang of Beijing Normal University as an example to analyze that social software can expand learning resources. Teacher Li's blog is called "Journey to the East", which contains a lot of educational technology-related knowledge and collects a lot of educational technology-related knowledge, providing learners with rich and organized learning resources. Teacher Zhuang's blog not only provides learners with rich professional knowledge, but also links to many related professional websites and blogs of insiders. By clicking on teacher Zhuang's link, learners can understand the problems that professionals care about, thus expanding their horizons and professional knowledge. Moreover, many learners discuss problems with Mr. Zhuang and form study groups. It is precisely because of this participation that learners' enthusiasm and enthusiasm for learning are mobilized. Many educational technicians have linked the blogs of Teacher Li and Teacher Zhuang. By browsing their blogs, learners can not only get a lot of information about their major, but also save a lot of time in searching and screening information online.
For learners, some important resources need to be systematically stored for further study and research in the future, so how to manage these distributed learning resources becomes particularly important. The emergence of social software has solved this problem well. Such as email, BBS, blog, wiki, etc. Can be used, especially blogs. After applying for their own blog, learners can put their concerned websites, personal homepages and other resources into their own blog through hyperlink function, or put important contents into their own blog through copying and pasting, and then put them into their own blog after sorting out and explaining.
2. Social software is beneficial to students' communication and knowledge sharing.
Educational activity is a complex social activity. In the process of its coordinated development, it inevitably involves the exchange of members and objects, which includes not only the communication between teachers and students, but also the communication between teachers and students. The emergence of social software not only provides a smoother way for this multi-directional communication, but also greatly expands the scope of communication.
For example, on wiki and bbs, the post is followed by a comment area, and every reader can comment on this post and express his feelings. Slowly, learners will read other people's posts and make comments, and their own posts will also be commented by others. In this process, there is no distinction between teachers and students, and everyone comes to fully communicate. This kind of communication is instant, extensive, comprehensive and targeted, and it is the expression of ideas and opinions, not rambling chat. In the long-term communication, people will become fixed learning partners because of similar interests, and learners can master other people's learning ideas and problem-solving methods by tracking and reading other people's posts. You can also choose other people's hyperlinks through blo *** to broaden your horizons.
3. Social software is conducive to students' innovation.
Innovation mainly includes innovative thinking and innovative ability. In innovation activities, it is impossible to explore unknown areas and solve difficult problems only with customary and traditional thinking methods. It needs a unique, novel and creative way of thinking, which is bound to break the existing framework and break through the shackles of tradition. Just like the appearance of widget, when Rose was playing an ever-changing MP3 player, it suddenly occurred to her that it would be amazing if all the programs on my desktop could be changed! So a new social software was born. In real life, we all have such opportunities for innovation? Everyone has used Super Jieba and has the function of changing face, but we rarely break the existing functional constraints.
Widget are very intuitive. It can directly affect students' senses through sound, images and other factors. In the process of making widget, we can vividly present the relevant content in the form of pictures and texts in combination with teaching practice, which can not only create a vivid learning environment for students, but also better stimulate students' interest in learning, and also provide strong support for helping primary school students with less social experience to increase the accumulation of images. Better cultivate students' innovative ability, at the same time, when teachers make more widget tools with their own teaching style, it is also conducive to teachers' innovation.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Social software has brought new vitality to education and new ideas to teaching reform, but we must also clearly realize that in teaching, no technology can solve all teaching problems and no teaching model can adapt to all teaching contents. Therefore, on the one hand, we should not only see the important influence of social software on education, but also support the teaching and learning of teachers and students well, which is a good supplement to traditional teaching and learning; On the other hand, we should also be soberly aware that social software, as a collection of various network application technologies, has its own shortcomings, and its combination with education is restricted by many conditions. For example, it is limited by hardware technology, information literacy, and behavior habits of teachers and students. We should give full play to their own advantages, abandon their shortcomings and really use them for education.