The mental health of college students is an important issue related to the development of higher education in China. Through years of research and follow-up investigation on college students' mental health, this paper holds that the proportion of contemporary college students' mental health is expanding and rising, with more and more diverse manifestations and more complicated causes. Accordingly, the article further summarizes the common symptoms and characteristics of contemporary college students' mental health problems, and analyzes the basic factors affecting contemporary college students' mental health problems from both internal and external aspects, in order to actively and effectively carry out college students' mental health education.

Paper Keywords: Influencing factors of mental health symptoms of college students

Contemporary college students are a special group in our society. They are the future of the motherland, the pillars of building the motherland and the main force of the Chinese nation in the 2 1 century. Their mental health is not only related to their own future development, but also related to the improvement of national quality and the successful construction of the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, it is of great significance to cultivate college students' healthy psychology.

First, the basic status of contemporary college students' mental health

From the research and follow-up investigation of college students' mental health for many years, it can be seen that although most college students are mentally healthy, with high intelligence level, strong thirst for knowledge, strong interest in learning and high learning efficiency; Have a relatively stable mood, optimism and self-confidence, full of vigor, satisfaction with life and yearning for a better future; Have a sound will, good interpersonal relationship and be good at self-regulation. However, we can't help but see that the proportion of college students' mental health is expanding and rising, the forms of expression are becoming more and more diverse, and the causes are becoming more and more complicated. In recent years, a series of survey data show that the mental health status of college students is more severe. There are three main characteristics in the current situation of college students' mental health in China.

1. A large proportion of people are psychologically unhealthy. In recent years, academic research results on college students' mental health emerge in endlessly, and a large number of statistical data under different research frameworks reveal the fact that contemporary college students' mental health problems can not be ignored. According to the statistical analysis of four universities in Zhejiang Province, 45. 13% of college students "have basically mastered the concept of mental health", while 47.55438+0% of college students only know the concept of mental health. 80.38% students think that the psychological state of college students is basically healthy at present, and 60.24% students think that their psychological health is average. Another study on students in a university in Hubei found that "the detection rate of positive symptoms is 58.46%, and the detection rate of possible psychological problems above moderate level is 65.438+00.94%, and the top three are compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity and depression." "

2. The proportion of people with unhealthy psychology is not only high, but also increasing year by year. According to the data, at the end of 1980s, more than 16% of the 50,000 college students in Tianjin had psychological disorders in different degrees, that is, 8,000 college students were in poor mental health, mainly manifested as phobia, anxiety, hypochondriasis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, neurotic depression and emotional crisis. At the same time, the State Education Commission surveyed 1.26 million college students and found that the incidence of mental illness was as high as 20.23%. After entering 1990, this proportion has increased among college students. 1992 a sample survey of 40,000 college students from 8 universities in southwest China by the psychological counseling and therapy team of Sichuan University shows that the number of college students with serious mental health problems is as high as 3 1. 13%. From 65438 to 0994, a survey of colleges and universities in Chengdu found that 34.4% of college students' mental health level was lower than the norm. In addition, the number of students who commit suicide due to love, study and interpersonal relationships has also increased year by year. As mentioned above, since the beginning of the new century, with the increasingly diversified development of society, the university campus is no longer a quiet place like an ivory tower, and the mental health of contemporary college students is facing greater challenges.

3. The manifestations of college students' mental health are diverse and the causes are complex. Macroscopically speaking, the main factors affecting college students' mental health are family, study, employment, love and social interaction. In fact, this influence mechanism is much more complicated than we thought. The research shows that "in hostility, terror and paranoia, women are more prominent than men", "the mental health status of only children is better than that of non-only children" and "the psychological quality of students from non-family financial difficulties is better than that of students from family financial difficulties". According to the statistics of Peking University Psychological Counseling and Treatment Center, neurotic disorders account for the majority of college students, accounting for 69.4%, interpersonal relationship and environmental adaptation problems account for 14.5%, and serious mental illness and psychosomatic disorders.

Second, the common symptoms of mental health of contemporary college students

According to statistical data analysis and investigation and interview, the mental health problems faced by contemporary college students can be divided into neurosis, personality disorder and psychosis.

1. neurosis. Neurosis, also known as neurosis, is a moderately serious psychological disorder, which interferes with people's normal life and weakens people's adaptability. There are five common neurosis among college students. (1) anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder is a state of persistent mental tension or paroxysmal panic. Specifically, individuals may lose valuable things because they are worried that they will not reach their expected goals, thus threatening their self-esteem and self-confidence and producing very complicated negative emotional states. Most college students have psychological problems in studying, choosing jobs, making friends, falling in love and becoming successful. Have a strong anxiety reaction. In this way, it is very likely to form an anxious character. Students' anxiety is representative to a certain extent, and its source is not real threat, but from the heart, usually without clear objective object and specific content. Mainly manifested in self-anxiety and test anxiety: self-anxiety-teenagers pay more attention to their image in the eyes of others, especially the opposite sex, and students are affected by many factors, which will produce various anxieties. Test anxiety-most students who enter universities have outstanding academic performance in middle school. After entering the university, some students can't adapt to the new learning style and learning environment and the phenomenon that their grades are temporarily backward. They are worried that they won't get into the exam for no reason, which leads to exam anxiety and can't adjust themselves. (2) Depression. Depression is a neurosis characterized by persistent depression. The emotional experience of an individual due to excessive sadness and sadness is manifested as depression, lack of interest in things, numbness or indifference. This is an individual's self-protection or defensive response to setbacks. When individuals feel powerless to overcome setbacks, lose confidence and courage, and are full of pessimistic expectations for the future, they will lose interest in pursuing their goals and show indifference and numbness. (3) obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a very common adolescent symptom, which means that patients subjectively feel the existence of some irresistible and compulsive thoughts, emotions, intentions or behaviors. Patients are clearly aware that their unwilling thoughts, tangled thoughts or behaviors are meaningless and unnecessary, but they can't control themselves and overcome them, so they feel pain. (4) phobia. Phobia refers to an individual's strong fear of something or a special situation, which is usually out of proportion to the situation that causes fear and is difficult to understand. Patients know that their fears are unrealistic, but they can't control themselves. Phobia has the following manifestations: social phobia; Terror in the wilderness; Animal terror; Disease terror, etc. (5) neurasthenia. Neurasthenia is a common multiple mental illness, mostly due to some long-standing mental factors, which make the brain function activities excessively tense and weaken the ability of neuropsychiatric activities.