Yan also pointed out that the proportion of allergic rhinitis in infants and young children is the highest, followed by asthma and atopic dermatitis. However, regardless of the proportion of these three diseases in the population, once the baby has allergic symptoms, it often hurts parents.
The three major chronic allergies in children refer to infants with allergic constitution, but the occurrence of the three factors has interrelated effects. In other words, once a baby has one of the symptoms, it doesn't mean that he won't have the other two symptoms. Some babies, even one person, may have the above three allergies.
For example, some babies are found to be allergic to nasal cavity when they are very young, and suddenly have asthma when they are older. Or, the baby with atopic dermatitis has other allergies in the later stage of growth. All these are different because of the baby's family genetic constitution. The only certainty is that the three kinds of chronic allergies present a closely related pathological triangle.
Analysis of the causes of allergies: Director Ye Guowei said that the causes of allergies are definitely related to physical heredity; Of course, allergic parents may pass on allergies to their children. However, in the clinical symptoms of allergies, parents and children may be completely different. For example, parents have asthma, children don't have asthma, but they have skin allergies or nose allergies; I still have no asthma when I was a child, and I have no asthma when I grow up.
At present, according to clinical research, although the above allergies are not caused by acquired factors, the inducing factors are closely related to the living environment. Director Ye pointed out that in the past, a popular survey of children found that at least 40% of children had an allergic physical examination, but no symptoms appeared.
Director Ye explained that even if there is an allergic constitution, there are no factors that induce allergies, and it is impossible to have no allergies at all in one's life, so the influence of the environment on constitution is quite strong. There are also many such cases in clinic. Some people with allergic constitution have no symptoms when they are young, but when they grow up, with the emergence of various inducing factors such as moving, pregnancy and life changes, they gradually show allergic symptoms.
For example, when I was born in Taiwan Province Province, I was not allergic to pollen because I was not exposed to many allergens. But when I grew up, I went abroad for a long time because of study or other factors, but suddenly I found that I was allergic to pollen. This is because the living environment in foreign countries is different from that in Taiwan Province Province, and the particle stock of floating pollen in the air is also different.
Baby allergy defense western medicine clinic-nutrition+detection review allergy can be prevented? Over time, allergic symptoms usually show different clinical reactions. Therefore, the baby may have only skin allergies before, no nasal allergies, and no asthma, but it is still not ruled out that there may be some in the future. Even if the baby does hemodialysis to detect allergens, it is difficult for children to detect them, so it is not easy to prevent them completely.
Director Ye said that as long as there are no clinical symptoms, parents are usually not strictly prohibited from restricting the daily diet of infants and young children. Especially for children, although they know that they have allergies, parents only need to pay attention to whether the baby has allergies every day. If it can be found early, it can be treated as soon as possible, and there is no need for excessive tension, which will limit their development and growth.
Why? Because the baby needs all kinds of nutrients in the process of growing up, the intake of nutrients is more important. Therefore, Director Ye believes that parents should not neglect their children's nutrition because they are afraid of allergies. Especially for allergic babies, it is mainly to observe whether there are serious clinical reactions and give treatment as soon as possible.
The so-called clinical response actually refers to the degree of disease performance. For example, if a baby who may be allergic to eggs is found to have severe itching after eating eggs, it is necessary to suspect that eggs may cause allergies and replace them with other foods with equivalent nutritional value (such as soybean milk, bean products or meat); On the other hand, although I am allergic to eggs, I have no allergic symptoms after eating them, and I don't need to limit my diet. Of course, if the baby is allergic to milk, you can use "completely hydrolyzed protein milk powder" instead of general formula milk.
Beware of the baby's chronic cough. Director Ye Guowei reminded that when you know that your baby has one of the above allergic phenomena, you should actually pay more attention to whether your baby will have other early clinical manifestations of allergies in the future. In other words, when parents find that the baby often catches a cold, sneezing, coughing, runny nose and other symptoms are not easy to recover, the judgment at this time is about the early reaction of allergy, so it is necessary to ask a doctor to make a judgment, face up to the allergic problem and give treatment to avoid taking too many cold medicines because of cold symptoms.
Generally speaking, the baby's atopic dermatitis will occur before 1 year, but it is not absolute. As for nasal allergy, it is more common in children aged 2 ~ 3. Asthma, before 5 years old, the average incidence rate is 80%; The early symptoms of asthma may appear earlier than 3 ~ 4 years old. The most common symptom is a long-lasting cold, which makes parents mistakenly think that it is weak trachea or poor immunity.
Director Ye stressed that in fact, allergic phenomenon is not a major event when the sky falls. In addition to paying a little attention to the baby's diet and surrounding environment on weekdays, the rest of the daily life is no different from other babies. Therefore, don't have a special eye just because you have an allergic baby at home, which makes it more difficult for the baby to adapt to group life during the growth process, thus affecting the child's mental health.
Defend the baby's allergies to reduce allergies * * * When caring for allergic babies, parents should have a correct attitude and follow the general principles of nursing. For example, a baby with atopic dermatitis is not suitable for keeping a pet at home, because the dander on the pet is easily scattered on furniture such as sofas, which induces more serious allergies. In addition, the sheets should be replaced and cleaned regularly, and the indoor fixed dehumidification should be kept clean. After taking a bath, help the baby to rub the lotion without essence and sex to moisturize the skin. When going out, wear cotton clothes that absorb sweat and drain moisture.
As for babies with asthma and nasal allergies, breathing second-hand smoke is the most taboo, and even third-hand smoke in the environment (second-hand smoke attached to furniture becomes a pollutant) should be guarded against. In the past, most asthmatic babies were not allowed to drink cold food, but it is very pitiful for young children to see other children enjoying ice products when they grow up. Therefore, parents should at least thaw the frozen products at room temperature before using them, or slowly melt them and taste them in small mouthfuls, so as not to affect their health excessively.
In terms of baby's diet, doctors emphasize that breastfeeding is the best. Because breast milk is easy to absorb, it contains a variety of maternal natural nutritional antibodies, most of which can enhance the baby's immune constitution. Unless it is a baby who is allergic to breast milk, which is generally rare, breast milk is a very good anti-allergic food for the baby.
In short, there are two main sources that can cause baby allergies. One is the existence of physical substances in the environment; Such as secondhand smoke, sandstorm, air pollution, temperature and humidity changes. The second is physiological aspects, including food and environmental allergens, such as food allergies, indoor dust mites, corner molds, dog and cat dander, etc. Therefore, the general principles of nursing are briefly described (table 1).
Can what pregnant mommy eats during pregnancy affect fetal allergy? Director Ye replied that according to the research, no absolute relationship has been found at present. The only thing recognized as having absolute influence is pregnant women smoking or secondhand smoke; And pregnant women who smoke or smoke secondhand smoke are more likely to give birth to allergic babies than pregnant women who don't smoke. Therefore, pregnant mothers should be careful not to inhale second-hand smoke in public places.
Schedule 1 General rules for the care of allergic infants:
Types of children's allergies
Matters needing attention in nursing care
allergic rhinitis
asthma
atopic dermatitis
predominant period
2 ~ 3 years old
Before the age of five
Before 0 ~ 1 year old
environment
at home
Avoid keeping pets, prevent dust mites and molds, change the temperature, clean and dehumidify, and change bedding.
extinguish
Avoid breathing secondhand smoke, sandstorms and air pollution, and wear a mask.
dietary respect
1. The "nutrition" and "freshness" of the first diet.
2. Secondly, observe whether there is a strong allergic reaction and then choose to avoid it.
3. Replace it with other foods with equivalent nutrition.
For example, if the baby is allergic to milk, you can choose "completely hydrolyzed protein milk powder".
Physical and mental aspects
Western medicine
Oral antihistamines,
Nasal spray (antihistamine or steroid)
Inhale steroids,
Leukotriene antagonist
Moisturizing,
Weak steroid ointment
Wear cotton clothes
Defense of Baby Allergy TCM Conditioning-Allergy Trilogy Turn off Allergy Genes In view of children's chronic allergies, most of them inherit family constitution, and symptoms usually last for a long time, which leads to heartache and headache for parents. Yan, an attending physician of pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine in the Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, said that most parents think that the effect of western medicine is good, but after stopping taking medicine for a period of time, the symptoms recur, and they will look forward to conditioning their baby's congenital constitution through traditional Chinese medicine.
Dr. Yan, practicing both Chinese and Western medicine, is currently a full-time assistant professor of Chinese medicine in China University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He went to Johns Hopkins University to study immunology for three years. Later, a national survey he presided over found that about 20% to 22% of parents in China sought Chinese medicine for their children's illness, and the highest proportion of them sought medical treatment was "allergic rhinitis".
Dr. Yan Hongrong said that according to western medicine research, although allergic constitution is a genetic gene, current medical research has found that many regulatory factors can make genes express (on) or not express (off). In other words, even if people are born with allergic genes, they can't show them as long as they adjust and improve their diet, work and rest, and drugs.
Among them, the most obvious example is diabetes. If people are born with diabetes genes and are properly maintained the day after tomorrow, they will not suffer from diabetes all their lives. People with allergic genes had atopic dermatitis when they were young, but when they grew up, their allergies naturally recovered or disappeared, which all represented the result that some genes in the body might be turned on or off.
Syndrome differentiation of baby's allergic defense: cold, heat, deficiency and excess Chinese medicine is also called individualized medication, so it is often said to adjust physical fitness, although western medicine may not fully accept it; However, through the observation in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, people's physique can be roughly divided into four categories: cold, heat, deficiency and excess; If it is a person with cold constitution, it will be adjusted to gentleness through pharmacology; If the constitution is too hot, it will help him to adjust and calm down. The intention is to improve one's unbalanced physique through the acquired efforts and the cold, cool, flat and hot nature of medicine.
Dr. Yan takes asthma as an example. In the treatment of western medicine, tracheal dilator and steroid are generally used as the application principles. But Chinese medicine treatment, it is necessary to observe whether the baby has a cold or asthma? Or bad breath? Like children with colds and asthma, if they eat some cold food, such as watermelon, black tea, cola, soda and so on. After eating, they may gasp immediately. But people with hot asthma eat some hot fried things instead, and asthma is easy to attack.
Furthermore, as far as the clinical reaction of asthma is concerned, most of the sputum coughed by some children is in a dilute state, which is easy to get cold and has asthma symptoms. Conversely, if the appearance of phlegm is yellow and sticky, it belongs to heat asthma. So the same asthma, as far as Chinese medicine is concerned, can't use the same medicine. Therefore, to sum up, Chinese medicine will adopt the prescription of warming and nourishing to resolve the cold phenomenon of children with cold constitution; On the other hand, if the body is too hot, cold medicine will be used to reduce fever, so Chinese and western views are slightly different.
For babies with atopic dermatitis, TCM syndrome differentiation is more nuanced. For example, some babies have "wet" skin, so local wounds are easy to ooze. It is necessary to use drugs such as coix seed to eliminate dampness. "Wind" belongs to scratching. The so-called wind in Chinese medicine does not describe wind blowing, but refers to itching as the main symptom when the disease breaks out. "heat" evil
If it is heavy, the skin surface will be hot and red. At this time, it is conditioned with traditional Chinese medicine, such as peony bark. Sometimes the skin becomes thicker and even has tissue hyperplasia, which is local "blood stasis". If the disease lasts for a long time, it will lead to qi deficiency and even local desquamation.
Therefore, western medicine uses antihistamines to help the baby stop itching, in order to alleviate the symptoms downstream of the disease. However, Chinese medicine believes that if the essence of wind, dampness, heat, blood stasis, deficiency and excess can be carefully differentiated, supplemented by pharmacological heat-clearing, the skin will no longer be hot, and there is no need to rely on antipruritic drugs; Eliminating dampness can prevent skin from exudation and reduce dependence on antibiotics. (Note: Antibiotics can avoid infection)
Dr. Yan explained that there was no such detailed anatomy in ancient Chinese medicine, so according to long-term experience, we fully adjusted the essence with medicinal properties with releasable methods. Therefore, in contrast, Chinese medicine is more active in improving physical fitness from the upstream, and then regulating the internal causes of individuals; Therefore, although Chinese and western ways of fighting diseases are different, if we combine Chinese and western ways and carefully give our baby medication based on syndrome differentiation, maybe we can insulate our baby from allergic constitution!
Baby's allergic defense and dermatitis baby's medicated bath As far as Chinese medicine is concerned, infants with infantile dermatitis can be divided into "dry type" and "exudative type" according to their constitution. "Dry" baby's skin has reddish or dark spots, dryness, itching and desquamation, including cheeks, behind ears, neck, limbs and other trunk surfaces. Erythematous papules, blisters, erosion, exudation, scabbing and desquamation often appear on the skin of "exudative" babies, and pustules are distributed on the limbs in severe cases. The classification of physique is briefly described as follows (Table 2).
Schedule II Constitution Classification of Ectopic Dermatitis:
type
Emergence stage
trait
form
dry
initial stage
The skin surface is dry, itchy and peeling.
Blood deficiency and wind dryness
Exudative type
initial stage
Blisters, papules, scabs and exudation
Mainly wet
Eczema type
childhood
The needle-like papules on the flexion side of limbs are light brown-red blocks.
Damp pathogen and heat pathogen
Itching type
childhood
Mi Dou-like papules and scabs on the back of limbs become stiff and brown.
deficiency of blood
lichen
Teenagers to adults
Hypertrophic moss, white scales on the surface, pigmentation, itching and scratching infection are all caused by dry and damaged macula.
Deficiency of blood stasis
Data provided/Yan, Attending Physician of Pediatrics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University.
In fact, Dr. Yan's son, also a baby with atopic dermatitis, was originally white at birth, but after a few months, ectopic eczema appeared one after another, including earlobes and joints of limbs. Not only is the whole body red and itchy, but even if I helped my baby get a manicure, I was scratched by my child.
Fortunately, Dr. Yan, who has a complete training in pediatrics of traditional Chinese and western medicine, completely cut off the development of his younger son at the early stage of the disease through his own medicated bath prescription and strong moisturizing. Now the baby son who has grown up is not only a fair-skinned handsome boy, but also has never had any other diseases such as nasal allergy and asthma.
In view of the delicate intestines and stomach of 0 ~ 1 year-old baby, it is often difficult to feed or absorb traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, so mild medicated bath can be said to be a nursing method suitable for infants with atopic dermatitis. Dr. Yan said that the medicated bath is quite hydrotherapy. Chinese herbal medicines are boiled with water, and the liquid medicine is released in the water. Not only can the curative effect be achieved by simple soaking, but it is as good as oral medicine.
Formula of baby anti-allergic medicated bath provided by Dr. Yan:
Medicinal materials: Herba Schizonepetae, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Flos Lonicerae, Cortex Dictamni Radicis, Fructus Kochiae, Fructus Cnidii, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Violae, and Borneolum Syntheticum.
Practice (2 soups at a time): 1. First, soak the medicinal materials in the soup cover for 20 minutes, then turn to low heat after the fire is boiled, and after decocting for about 15 minutes, add borneol (wrapped in cloth) and fry for 5 minutes, and take out the liquid medicine for later use. This is 1 decoction, 1 used at night.
2. Submerge the medicinal materials in water and continue to cook for 20 minutes. Take out the medicinal juice, cover it with a pot cover or plastic wrap, and preserve the medicinal gas. After cooling, put it in a plastic wrap box and store it in the refrigerator. This is the second copy. You can keep it for the next night.
Usage: The above medicinal materials can be taken in two days, taking a bath every night 1 time. When taking a bath, you should give priority to water and avoid using soap containing soap. The medicated bath must be soaked after the baby takes a bath, and there is no need to rinse after soaking. The temperature of the bath water should not be too high. After mixing with the liquid medicine, it can soak the baby's skin below the head for 10 ~ 15 minutes. On the face, wet the baby's face with gauze or handkerchief. Be careful not to let the baby drink medicated bath soup. After taking a bath, you should help your baby apply proper moisturizing lotion.
Note: If the wound is ulcerated or there are doubts about infection, it is recommended not to take a medicine bath first, and you should consult a professional Chinese medicine practitioner in advance.
In addition to medicated bath, doctors usually prescribe Chinese herbal medicine ointment for babies, such as aloe vaseline, Sophora flavescens (clearing heat and drying dampness), Ziyun ointment and so on. Ziyun ointment is different from German Zicao ointment, but its properties are similar. Ziyun ointment is made of Arnebia euchroma, Angelica sinensis and sesame oil, which has the functions of clearing away blood heat, helping skin repair and avoiding skin dryness. In addition, when the baby's skin is hot, the ice pack can be used moderately to cool down, so as to increase the coolness of the skin surface and reduce the baby's scratching pain.
Baby's allergic defense and allergic nose * * * acupoint Chinese medicine treatment of allergic rhinitis, mainly from warming the lungs, spleen and kidney. Babies with lung and spleen deficiency are generally prone to sneezing, stuffy nose and runny nose when they get up in the morning. At this time parents can observe the baby's tongue. If there is white tongue coating, you can know that the baby is spleen deficiency and dampness, which is more obvious in adults. People with weak temper are usually pale, cold hands and feet, sweating, indigestion or unable to eat.
However, allergic rhinitis is similar to the common cold. But it's actually different. Parents can make a little distinction. Cold symptoms mainly last for a period of time, usually accompanied by fever, sore throat, tonsillitis and other symptoms, yellow nose, sticky. However, allergic rhinitis may occur in stages and intermittently at a fixed time in the morning and evening, and the symptoms are most obvious when getting up in the morning or encountering allergens and cold air.
Usually, when a baby has nasal allergic symptoms, the doctor will give antihistamines to reduce the secretion of nasal mucus, but some babies will feel uncomfortable because of the sticky nasal mucus, and the side effect is easy to fall asleep, so they often use it before going to bed. In addition, nasal spray containing pseudoephedrine is also a common prescription. Pseudoephedrine contained in nasal spray can reduce nasal mucus congestion, thus reducing the swelling and congestion of baby's nose, but it is easy to cause excitement and make baby don't want to sleep, so it is often used during the day.
Therefore, Dr. Yan found that although the effect of western medicine is good, the focus is easy to reappear after stopping the drug, so the children with nasal allergies in Chinese medicine clinics come to do physical conditioning the most. In addition to conditioning the baby with medicinal materials, parents can also gently press and rub the acupoints around the baby's nose every day, using gentle fingertips, which is also a very good health care remedy.
When you are a baby, you can master the key to the "golden triangle" of the face. First of all, from Tang Yin point to Jingming point, Bitong point (namely Shangyingxiang point) and Xiang Ying point, gently massage the points for the baby several times with soft fingers (fingertips). In addition, Hegu point on the hand and Zusanli point on the leg can be gently massaged for about 5 minutes every day, both of which can appropriately improve the symptoms of nasal allergy.
Dr. Yan said that according to the research published by the American Academy of Pediatrics in Pediatrics in 2004, testing the positions of Tang Yin, Nasal Pass and Zusanli in children has a significant effect on treating allergic nose. Up to 20 13, a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial in several medical centers was published in the famous journal Allergy, and it was considered that the above acupuncture points were obviously improved.
Baby's allergic defense and asthma According to the clinical observation of the ring finger doctor, children may suffer from asthma if they have symptoms such as "shortness of breath" and "wheezing" more than three times in a year. Dr. Yan pointed out that in pediatrics, asthma must have two characteristics: one is recoverable airflow obstruction. Second, bronchial overreaction. Most obviously, asthma is usually accompanied by obvious "wheezing". At this time, parents can put their ears behind their backs and then hear obvious "gasps". When judging, it seems that when you hear your baby inhale like a foreign body, the same wheezing sound will appear. Usually cough is severe at night, chest tightness is repeated, breathing is difficult, and symptoms alternate with seasons or family history is aggravated. So pay special attention to whether the baby has asthma.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the etiology of asthma is mostly due to the deficiency of qi in the lung, spleen and kidney, which is related to genetic nature. In addition, the influence of external allergens, food, infection and climate temperature and humidity (commonly known as pathogenic factors in traditional Chinese medicine, often wind-heat or wind-cold) makes the trachea phlegm and gas intersect and block up, thus causing poor exhalation, even shortness of breath, cough and excessive phlegm.
Symptoms of asthma can be roughly divided into "cold asthma" and "hot asthma", and the incidence can be divided into "acute stage" and "remission stage". When asthma symptoms tend to be relatively stable, it is called remission period. At this time, Chinese medicine roughly distinguishes the degree of qi deficiency in children, and distinguishes deficiency with "lung", "spleen" and "kidney". From the appearance, lung qi deficiency is white; Deficiency of spleen qi leads to sallow and emaciated; Deficiency of kidney qi is the least common, but it is easy to wet the bed. But as far as Chinese medicine is concerned, it can be improved through acquired conditioning.
Therefore, if the baby under 1 year-old is in a stable remission period of asthma, simple maintenance steps can also be given, including: 1. Knead the ring finger of the baby's little hand; Second, gently massage the baby's back * * *, both of which are simple recipes for parents' reference. Because the acupoints of the lung meridian are located on the line at the end of the ring finger, parents can push the baby's ring finger flat for 200 to 300 times every day, which can help the baby replenish the lung meridian and enhance the resistance!
Ye Guowei Education: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taiwan Province Provincial University Graduate Experience: Professor of Immunopharmacology, University of Southampton, UK, Chairman of Taiwan Province Children's Asthma Friends Association; Director of Pediatric Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology Department, Linkou Chang Gung Hospital, Associate Professor-level attending physician.
Yan Education: Doctor of Chinese Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Doctor of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chang Gung University School of Medicine; Postdoctoral research fellow in immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA: Attending physician of Chinese Medicine Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Full-time Assistant Professor of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Full-time Assistant Professor, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Secretary-General of Children's Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatism Association of the Republic of China.