Graduate students take research as their main learning task. Military training is generally aimed at full-time undergraduates, full-time junior college students and other students. Postgraduates continue their studies after the undergraduate stage, and the undergraduate stage itself has already had military training experience, so military training is not needed.
Some schools require military training for graduate students, perhaps to enhance their willpower, but in my opinion, military training for graduate students is unnecessary. Because graduate students have not only received military training, but also mature people, have their own learning goals, and do not need military training to temper their will.
As for physical examination, as far as I know, there is no physical examination for graduate students. The National Standards for Students' Physical Fitness and Health stipulates that primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and universities should conduct physical fitness tests every year, and there is no hard and fast rule for graduate students.
There are a few schools (such as Ji Liang University in China) where graduate students need to run 1000 (male) and 800 (female), and it is said that failing the physical examination will result in a series of penalties such as withholding scholarships.
According to the requirements of "Students' Physical Fitness and Health Standard", college students need to complete six tests, namely, height, weight, vital capacity, step test, 50-meter running or standing long jump (choose one), grip strength or sit-ups (girls) or sitting forward (choose one).