1. Universities or research institutes: PhD graduates can choose to engage in teaching and research in universities or research institutes at home and abroad, continue their studies and carry out research projects.

2.R&D Enterprise Department: Semiconductor materials have important applications in information technology, electronic equipment manufacturing and other fields, and doctoral graduates can enter R&D Semiconductor Materials-related Enterprise Department to engage in technical research and new product development.

3. Manufacturing industry and microelectronics industry: PhD graduates can find employment opportunities in the semiconductor material manufacturing industry and microelectronics industry, and participate in the production process, technical improvement and quality control of semiconductor devices.

4. Government departments and scientific research institutions: PhD graduates can also choose to enter government departments, scientific research institutions or related industry associations to engage in policy research, technical evaluation and management. Doctor's degree is the highest academic degree, which requires in-depth research and original research results in a certain subject field on the basis of undergraduate and master's degrees. To obtain a doctorate, you need to complete certain course study and research work, submit a doctoral thesis, pass the doctoral thesis defense, and finally be awarded by relevant academic institutions.