Based on this educational concept, the college has built many excellent courses and key courses at all levels. Actively promote teaching reform and strengthen quality education, and the total number of teaching reform projects at all levels has reached 20. Pay attention to the cultivation of students' practical teaching and pay close attention to the construction of practice base. The college has experimental teaching units in the professional experimental center, as well as optical information technology laboratories, microelectronics technology laboratories, integrated circuit design laboratories and radio frequency technology laboratories established by the central and local governments. In addition, we also established a student practice base project with Chongqing Putian Communication Equipment Co., Ltd., Southwest Integrated Circuit Design Co., Ltd., Chongqing Hangwei Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. and Chongqing Wandao Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd.
From 2007 to 20 12, it undertook 66 projects at or above the provincial and ministerial level, and accumulated 40.39 million yuan of scientific research funds.
As of 20 12, serial numbers and project names of various departments in China and the State Council. The project source is mainly completed by 1. Research on Low-dimensional Chaotic Invariant Set Based on Topological Horseshoe, National Natural Science Foundation Project 2009-0 1 Li 2. Research on key technologies of Coriolis vibrating micro-gyroscope driven by optical pulse and all-fiber detection, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 20 1 1-08 Liu yu3. Research on reversible logic synthesis theory based on positive Davio decision diagram and its realization method: National Natural Science Foundation Project 20 1 1-08 Pang Yu 4. Research project 20 16 on high-efficiency quasi-optical mode conversion theory and key technologies of asymmetric phantom gyrotron. 5438+0-08 Wang Bin 5. Research on Chaos Judgment and Transition of Hybrid Systems Based on Heterogeneous Computing: National Natural Science Foundation Project 20 1 1-08 Li 6. Research on Theory and Method of MEMS Dynamic Measurement Based on Fractal: National Natural Science Foundation Project 2010-/2Luoyuan 7. Based on temperature. Study on high-resolution imaging technology of optical thin film absorption based on effect; National Natural Science Foundation Project 20101Hao Honggang 8. Research on some dynamic problems of hybrid systems, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 20 10-0 1 Li 9. National Internet of Things Development Special Fund Project -RFID and Medical Internet of Things Application Ban * * * Research and Development Key Technology the State Council Department Project 201-07 Lin Jinchao 10. Research on monocular video tracking algorithm based on Camshift and Kalman filtering in intelligent rehabilitation system. Projects of various departments in the State Council 20 10-09 Luoyuan 1 1. Remote monitoring of blood purification equipment. Department system research and development in the State Council September 2009 Lin Jinchao 12. The State Council Wang Guoyu 13, July 2009 developed and produced the core module of DAB digital multimedia broadcast receiver. R&D and industrialization of TD-SCDMA enhanced multimedia mobile phone terminal, a major national science and technology project, the State Council 2009. -05 Shen Min 14. National Support Program-Baseband Research Sample Development of the State Council LTE TDD Terminal Project 2009-0 1 Shen Min 15. National Science and Technology Major Project-the State Council TD-SCDMA Enhanced Multimedia Terminal Baseband Chip Project R&D and Industrialization 2009-0 1. Shen Min 16. National Torch Plan -TD-SCDMA (LCR) Baseband Chip and Wireless Module Project the State Council September 2006 Shen Min 17. National 863 Program-Development of RF Chip-the State Council TD-SCDMA Terminal Project July 2005 Chen Ming Patent Invention Serial Number Patent Name Inventor Authorization Time 1. Task allocation method for heterogeneous multi-robot systems. Luo Yuan (2) 20 1 1-07 2. A chaotic circuit for generating multi-packet line waves and its implementation method Luo Xiaohua (1) 2011-023. Liu Yu (1), an error compensation method for azimuth measurement while drilling based on micro-response angular rate sensor. 20 10-09 4. Control method of bionic robot fish turning without radius Luo Yuan (2) 20 10-07 5. An apparatus for implementing a dab receiver channel decoder. 2010-04 6. Wu Guineng (1) 20 10-03 7. HARQ technology data buffer and its circuit design method. Shen Min, a search method for downlink synchronous pilot time slot. A wireless location multi-algorithm enhancement method based on information fusion Luo Yuan (2) 2009- 1 10. Fixed-point demodulation method of Wang (1) and 16QAM. 2009-09 1 1. A method to achieve chip-level accurate synchronization in user terminal initial cell search Tan Shu (1) 2009-08 12. Accurate access method in initial cell search of TD-SCDMA system. 2009-06 13. A design method of digital circuit with controllable reset value Yang Xiaoyong (1) 2009-06 14. A Design Method for Reducing Leakage Power Consumption of LSI Yang Xiaoyong (2) 2009-04 15. Estimation method of the number of mobile terminal users in mobile communication system Shen Min (1) 2008-05 16. A power-saving synchronization method for mobile phone baseband chip Yang Xiaoyong (1) 2007-1017.
1. "Key technologies and complete sets of equipment for blood purification system monitoring", Lin Jinchao (2), second prize of national scientific and technological progress, 20 12-02.
2. "Research on Key Technologies of Etching Process Control for VLSI", Wang Wei, Luo Yuan, etc. Chongqing Science and Technology Progress Award, third prize, 20 1 1-05.
3. "Development of vibration angular velocity sensor and its application in wireless positioning while drilling", Liu Yu, Third Prize of Chongqing Science and Technology Progress, 201-05.
4. "Series Monitoring Technology and Equipment for Blood Purification System", Lin Jinchao (2), Second Prize of Chongqing Science and Technology Progress, 20 10-05.
5. "Short-distance wireless communication technology and application", Lin Jinchao, second prize of Chongqing Science and Technology Progress Award, March 2009.
6. "Analysis and Control of Complex Behavior of Nonlinear System", Li, Chongqing Natural Science Award, Third Prize, 2009-03.
7. "Key Technologies and Applications of TD-SCDMA Terminal Core Chip Platform", Shen Min (2), National Technology Invention Award, Second Prize, 2008- 12.
8. "Digital Multimedia Broadcasting DMB Receiver and Baseband Chip", Lv Mingying, Wang Guoyu, Zhang Hongsheng, etc. Third Prize of Chongqing Science and Technology Progress, 2008-03.
9. "Research and Implementation of Key Technologies of TD-SCDMA Mobile Phone", Shen Min (2), First Prize of Chongqing Technological Invention Award, March 2007.
10. "research on MEMS design and processing technology on silicon", Pan Wu (2), second prize of Chongqing science and technology progress, March 2007.
1 1. "Research on Key Issues of Intelligent System Analysis and Control", Li (6), Second Prize of Chongqing Natural Science Award, March 2007.
12. Study on Dark Energy, Gong Yungui, Duan Changkui, etc. Chongqing Natural Science Award, Second Prize, March 2006.
13. "Research on optical WDM and optical transmission mechanism in communication system", Mao Youju, Rui et al. Chongqing Natural Science Award, Third Prize, March 2005.
14. "Chaos control and its application in communication theory", Yang, Li, et al. In March 2004, Chongqing won the third prize of Natural Science Award.
15. "Research on practical transmission technology of communication-radio and television network", Mao Youju et al., Chongqing Science and Technology Award, first prize, March 2002.
Textbook monograph
MonographNo. Monograph Name Author Press Name Publication Time 1. Principle and application of MIMO technology Lin Yun (1) People's Posts and Telecommunications Press 2010-12. Solid-State Vibrating Gyroscope and Navigation Technology Liu Yu (1) China Aerospace Press 20 10-09 3. Complete Guide to Semiconductor Devices Li Qiujun (1) Science Press 2009-07 4. Mobile robot technology and its application Luo Yuan (2) Electronic Industry Press 2007-09 5. Chaos System and Chaos Circuit Li 2 Science Press 2007-08 6. Congestion control and flow control in computer networks Xu Changbiao (1) People's Posts and Telecommunications Press 2007-0 1 7. Bluetooth protocol and its source code analysis Lin Jinchao (2) National Defense Industry Press, 2006-09 textbook number, textbook name ranking publishing time 1. Zou Hong (1) People's Posts and Telecommunications Press 20 10-09 2. Optical fiber communication system and network Zhang Demin (2) Electronic Industry Press 20 10-08 3. Radio Frequency Communication Circuit Lin Yun (1) Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press 2009-08 4. Digital signal processing Zhang Demin (2) Higher Education Press 2009-02 5. AutoCAD 2008 Chinese Mechanical Drawing Practical Course Wang Wei (2) Tsinghua University Press 2008-08 6. Digital Circuit and Logic Design Zou Hong (1) People's Posts and Telecommunications Press 2008-03 7. Signals and Systems He Feng (2) Science Press 2008-02 8. Signal and System Analysis by Zhang Demin (1). Higher education press 2006-09 9. Modern Communication System and Information Network Zhang Demin (2) Higher Education Press 2005-08 10. Communication optical cable and cable engineering Zhang Demin (2) People's Posts and Telecommunications Press 2005-02 1 1. (3) The principle of telecommunication transmission Zhang Demin Electronic Industry Press 2004-08 12. Modern Communication System Zhang Demin (2) xidian university Press 2003-02 Integrated Circuit Design and Integration System.
(Bachelor's degree, the standard academic system is four years, and bachelor's degree in engineering is awarded. Enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training objectives: This major aims at the design ability of integrated circuits and various electronic information systems, and cultivates advanced applied technical talents with certain innovation ability, who can master the basic theories and methods of integrated circuits, master EDA tools for integrated circuit design, and be familiar with related system knowledge such as circuits, computers, signal processing and communication.
Main courses: semiconductor device physics, microelectronic devices, analog and digital integrated circuit design principles, digital integrated circuit design technology and application, modern communication system, communication integrated circuit design, mixed digital and analog integrated circuit design, introduction to digital signal processing FPGA design, system-on-chip design, digital system simulation and verification, etc.
Professional advantages and characteristics: great selectivity in professional direction and wide employment scope; Professional practice innovation platform based on high-level scientific research projects; Relying on provincial key disciplines, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Engineering and Microelectronics Engineering Center jointly established by the central and local governments, we will cooperate with integrated circuit design enterprises to build off-campus practice bases;
Graduation destination: I can be engaged in research, teaching, scientific research and development, production management and administrative management in information technology fields such as digital integrated circuit system design and development, system on chip (SoC), embedded system, computer control technology, communication, consumer electronics, etc.
Electronic Information Science and Technology
(Undergraduate, with a standard academic system of four years, awarded the Bachelor of Science degree, enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training goal: to cultivate broad theoretical basis, practical ability and professional knowledge in the fields of electronic technology, information technology, computer technology and communication technology, and to be able to engage in corresponding research, design, teaching, development, application and production management in various communication and electronic information systems including information generation, collection, storage, processing, transmission, control and display, as well as information theory and information system, signal and information processing.
Main courses: circuit and electronic technology, computer technology series, signal and system, communication principle, information theory and coding, digital signal processing, DSP principle and application, single chip microcomputer principle and application, programmable logic device and hardware description language, system-on-chip (SoC) design, analog and digital system design, sensor and detection technology, wireless communication principle, mobile communication technology, etc.
Professional advantages and characteristics: (1) great direction selectivity and wide working caliber. At the same time, I have knowledge of electronic technology, information technology, computer technology and communication technology. (2) Strong faculty. There are well-known scholars at home and abroad and excellent teaching teams at the provincial and ministerial levels, and there are basic and professional practice teaching platforms such as laboratories jointly established by the central and local governments and "provincial and ministerial demonstration experiment centers" for electrical and electronic engineering. (3) Following the advantages of information science in our university, it has distinctive features in information theory and system, signal and information processing, system-on-a-chip (SoC) design, wireless and mobile communication technology, etc. (4) Have a good cooperative relationship with national electronic information high-tech enterprises.
Employment destination: Telecom equipment manufacturers, communication operators and related enterprises in the fields of radio and television, remote control and telemetry, radar, sonar, electronic countermeasures, measurement, control, navigation, aerospace and so on. Engaged in the research, design, development, application and production management of communication and electronic information systems, and can also continue to pursue advanced studies or engage in the research and teaching of electronic science and technology, communication and information systems and other disciplines.
Microelectronic science and engineering
(Bachelor's degree, the standard academic system is four years, and bachelor's degree in engineering is awarded. Enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training objective: to cultivate high-quality compound talents who are adaptable to the development of domestic and foreign industries, have an international vision, a solid theoretical foundation, have good semiconductor device analysis ability, and have innovative spirit and comprehensive competitiveness in integrated circuit manufacturing technology, packaging testing and analog integrated circuit design.
Main courses: semiconductor device physics, microelectronic devices, analog integrated circuit design, RF integrated circuit design, modern electronic materials and components, modern semiconductor technology, semiconductor packaging and testing technology, etc.
Professional advantages and characteristics: (1) National-level specialty with strong faculty. (2) It has provincial key laboratories and provincial teaching experiment demonstration centers, and has built off-campus training bases with many well-known semiconductor companies. (3) Adopt a brand-new "International Semiconductor Institute Talent Training Mode" with mature experience.
Employment destination: I can engage in semiconductor process research, analog integrated circuit design, electronic product design, semiconductor equipment maintenance and other work in semiconductor-related enterprises and research institutes at home and abroad.
Electromagnetic field and wireless technology
(Undergraduate, with a standard academic system of four years, awarded with a bachelor's degree in engineering, enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training objective: to train "R&D" and "engineering application" technical talents with solid basic theory, wide knowledge and strong practical ability, who can engage in scientific research, product development, technical service and management in the fields of wireless communication environment analysis and electromagnetic compatibility.
Main courses: Mathematics Foundation, Circuit and Electronics, Computer Foundation and Application, Communication Course, Electromagnetic Field and Electromagnetic Wave Technology, Wireless Propagation Analysis and Electromagnetic Compatibility Technology Course.
Professional advantages and characteristics: (1) National specialty, relying on provincial key disciplines of electronic science and technology. (2) It has a variety of talent training modes such as "Electronic Engineering Experimental Class", "College Students' Scientific Research Training Plan" and "Professional Scientific Research Training Plan". (3) Focus on wireless communication environment analysis, electromagnetic compatibility technology, microwave radio frequency system and other characteristic majors, and pay attention to cultivating R&D and engineering application-oriented talents with strong foundation and ability.
Employment destination: information industry such as communication, radio and television, aerospace, instrumentation and other enterprises, telecom equipment manufacturers, communication operators and antenna system manufacturers. , engaged in the research, design and development of wireless communication environment analysis and electromagnetic compatibility. , you can also continue to study or engage in research and teaching in electromagnetic field and microwave technology, electronic science and technology, communication and information system and other disciplines.
Electronic Science and Technology
Bachelor's degree (the standard academic system is four years, and the bachelor's degree in engineering is awarded. Enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training objective: To cultivate talents with extensive theoretical basis, experimental ability and professional knowledge in the fields of physical electronics, optoelectronics and microelectronics, who can be engaged in the design and manufacture of various electronic materials, components, integrated circuits, even integrated electronic systems and optoelectronic subsystems, as well as the research and development of corresponding new products, new technologies and new processes, and who have formed characteristics in circuit theory and system, electronic technology and its application direction, and can be engaged in the research, design and development of corresponding devices and systems in related fields.
Main courses: mathematical foundation, circuit theory, electronic technology, computer foundation and technology, communication foundation series courses, principle and application of single chip microcomputer, semiconductor physics and devices, electronic materials and components, electromagnetic field and electromagnetic wave, programmable logic device, analog and digital system design, etc.
Professional advantages and characteristics: (1) school-level brand major. Relying on the key disciplines of electronic science and technology (as of 20 12, it is a discipline for doctoral degree construction), providing good conditions for students to pursue further studies. (2) Strong faculty. Based on the electrical experimental center, RF laboratory and electromagnetic field and microwave technology experimental center of Chongqing University experimental teaching demonstration center, a professional practice teaching platform is established. (3) Serving the electronic information industry and local economy, it has distinctive characteristics in the fields of circuit theory and system, electronic technology and its application.
Employment: Telecom equipment manufacturers, communication operators, radio and television, aerospace and other enterprises, engaged in circuit design, electronic component development, software and hardware design of measurement and control instruments, and production management of electronic enterprises. , but also in electronic science and technology, communication and information systems and other disciplines to continue their studies or engage in research and teaching.
Optoelectronic information science and technology
(Undergraduate, with a standard academic system of four years, awarded with a bachelor's degree in engineering, enrollment category: science and engineering)
Training goal: to train students with both ability and political integrity, solid foundation, wide knowledge and strong innovation ability, have the basic theory and professional skills of this major, and strengthen the combination of "optical, mechanical and electrical calculation". Science and engineering talents who can engage in scientific research, development, production or management in the fields of optical communication system design and development, photoelectric system and engineering, communication engineering, photoelectric devices and information processing, display and lighting and related electronic information technology, computer science, instruments and meters, etc.
Main courses: basic mathematics and physics, basic optics, circuit, computer and communication, photoelectric technology, optical fiber technology, optical information processing, display and lighting and other professional courses, as well as cutting-edge technical courses in the field of optoelectronics.
Specialty Advantages and Features: (1) Chongqing Specialty, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Brand Specialty. (2) The major direction is selective and the employment caliber is wide. As of 20 12, the employment rate of graduates of this major has remained above 95%. (3) There are well-known scholars at home and abroad and strong teachers. (4) Relying on the municipal key laboratory of optical fiber communication technology, it has professional laboratories established by the central and local governments and has a good cooperative relationship with national electronic information high-tech enterprises.
Employment destination: communication equipment manufacturers, communication operators, optical electromechanical equipment manufacturers, as well as display and lighting technology and related fields, engaged in product development, production technology or management, studying for master's degree or engaged in scientific research and teaching. Electrotechnical theory and new technology
Based on electrical theory, this subject highlights the frontier theoretical and technical research of combining electrical theory with new technology. By the end of 20 12, this course is mainly engaged in the research of new electronic technology and its application, electrical theory and communication technology, application of internet of things technology, smart grid and so on. By the end of 20 12, this discipline has made good achievements in the field of combining electronic technology with information technology and communication technology, publishing monographs 10, publishing more than 0/00 high-level papers/kloc-0, undertaking more than 0 national and ministerial scientific research projects 10, and winning many scientific and technological progress awards at or above the provincial and ministerial levels, especially in communication electronics. The main degrees and professional courses of this subject include: modern circuit theory and technology, modern signal processing, modern sensing technology and system, advanced electromagnetic field theory, modern power electronics technology, smart grid technology, internet of things technology and application, radio frequency identification principle and system design, etc.
IC Engineering
Integrated circuit engineering technology includes the latest development of electronic technology, computer technology, material technology and precision machining technology. The characteristics of high density, small scale and high performance of integrated circuits make integrated circuit engineering technology one of the most permeable and comprehensive engineering technology fields. The application of integrated circuits involves many aspects, such as network communication, computing systems, information appliances, automotive electronics, control instruments, bioelectronics and so on. As the core of application products, designing and manufacturing integrated circuits is the requirement of modern electronic systems to win the competitiveness of users, products and applications, and it is also the key to upgrading traditional industries.
Our institute has carried out extensive personnel training and scientific research cooperation in the field of integrated circuit engineering with many research institutes, companies and enterprises at home and abroad, such as the 24th, 40th and 26th Research Institutes of China Electronics Technology Group, Silian Group, cyit Xinke Company and Southwest Integrated Circuit Design Company. , realizing resource sharing and complementary advantages. This major has hired senior experts from scientific research institutes and enterprises with rich experience in scientific research and practical work as part-time tutors, providing them with good application support.
The main courses of this major are: semiconductor device physics, solid-state electronics, electronic information materials and technology, circuit optimization design, digital integrated circuits, analog integrated circuits, integrated circuit CAD, microprocessor structure and design, integrated circuit testing methodology, microelectronic packaging technology, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), VLSI digital signal processing, etc.
optical engineering
"Optical Engineering" is a young discipline with a long history, which is based on optics and intersects with information science, energy science, material science, life science, space science, precision machinery and manufacturing, computer science, microelectronics and other disciplines. Including laser technology, optical communication, optical storage and recording, optical information processing, photoelectric display, holographic and three-dimensional imaging, thin film and integrated optics, photoelectron and photon technology, laser material processing and processing, low light level and infrared imaging technology, photoelectric measurement, fiber optics, modern optical and photoelectric instruments and devices, optical remote sensing technology and integrated optical engineering technology. It has become an important foundation for the rapid development of modern optical industry and optoelectronic industry.
This discipline has a well-structured academic echelon composed of professors, researchers, associate professors and lecturers. Relying on the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Communication Technology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Engineering, it has formed a stable and distinctive academic direction in the fields of photoelectric technology and application, optical fiber communication system, photoelectric materials and devices, infrared imaging and image processing technology. From 2009 to 2065438+02, he undertook more than 20 national, provincial and ministerial scientific research projects and horizontal projects, won 5 provincial and ministerial scientific and technological achievement awards and 8 national/provincial and ministerial teaching achievement awards, and published more than 100 papers in domestic and foreign academic journals and international academic conferences, of which more than 50 were retrieved by SCI/EI/ISTP.
The main degrees and professional courses of this discipline include: mathematical physics methods, stochastic processes and their applications, laser physics and technology, optoelectronic technology, optoelectronic materials and devices, optical fiber communication principles, advanced optics, integrated optics, digital imaging technology, machine vision, optical fiber sensing and detection technology, nonlinear optics, MEMS technology and weak signal detection technology.
Electronic Science and Technology
Electronic science and technology is the foundation of information science and technology. This subject, together with information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, control science and engineering, constitutes the main subject of electronic information in our school. After years of construction, the discipline has made good progress in discipline direction, academic team, scientific research platform, research results and personnel training.
This subject has Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics and Microelectronics Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Communication Technology. By the end of 20 12, this discipline has formed obvious characteristics and advantages in the fields of microelectronic system and integrated circuit design, semiconductor materials, devices and processes, optoelectronic technology and its application, circuit system and electromagnetic theory in communication and measurement and control, and has initially formed a well-structured academic team and achieved a series of academic achievements. Up to 20 12, it has undertaken 57 projects at the provincial and ministerial level and above, including 4 projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China12; In recent five years, 525 papers have been published, among which SCI, EI and ISTP included papers 149. * * * Won the provincial and ministerial level science and technology awards 1 1, especially the project "Key Technology and Application of TD-SCDMA Terminal Core Chip Platform" participated by the research team of microelectronics system and integrated circuit won the second prize of national technological invention, and the project "Study on Spectrum Theory of Rare Earth System" completed by the research team of semiconductor materials won the first prize of Chongqing Natural Science. At the same time, the subject also won 6 national and Chongqing higher education teaching achievement awards. In the past five years, a total of 299 graduate students have been recruited and awarded master's degrees 156, and doctoral students have been jointly trained with universities such as Xi Jiaotong University and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
The main degrees and specialized courses of this major include: mathematical physics method, stochastic process and its application, advanced algebra and matrix analysis, semiconductor device physics, transistor principle, advanced electromagnetic field theory, optical waveguide theory, new optical communication technology, MEMS technology, nonlinear circuits and systems, RF integrated circuit design, chaos and control of nonlinear systems, integrated circuit design and manufacturing technology, microwave circuits, etc. As of 20 14, there are 92 on-the-job faculty members, including professors 14, 36 associate professors and 42 lecturers. Among the professional teachers, there are 25 doctors and 46 masters; There are 6 doctoral supervisors, 2 experts enjoying special government allowance, and 3 outstanding young and middle-aged backbone teachers in Chongqing. 200 1 Up to now, teachers have published 552 papers, among which SCI, EI and ISTP have included papers 186; * * * Undertakes 88 scientific research projects such as 863 major projects and National Natural Science Foundation, and won 9 provincial and ministerial scientific and technological progress awards and 4 national patents; Among them, 4 teachers were rated as advanced individuals at the provincial and ministerial levels. By 20 14, it has formed its own characteristics in the fields of optical fiber communication technology, research and development of TD-SCDMA mobile phone core chip, DAB/DMB technology, and theoretical research of nano-optoelectronic materials, and built two provincial-level key laboratories, namely "Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Communication Technology" and "Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Engineering", and "Microelectronics and Solid-state Electronics".