1. Childhood depression. Mainly seen in primary school students, the age range is 7々 12 years old. The inducing factors are: some small setbacks and grievances at school, hearing parents quarrel, and some girls have menarche.
Special manifestations: (1) Emotional sadness. I often cry and have some strange ideas, such as "Mom doesn't want me", "Teachers don't like me", "I didn't choose cadres for work", "I didn't get the little red flower", "I made a mistake before" and so on. Sometimes I suddenly say something irrelevant and puzzling like "What's the point of living". I'll forget it when I die. " (2) Behavior withdrawal. Being absent from school for a long time has a sense of escape from school. No matter how parents do their work, children are struggling. Some children are also anxious to delay class and promise to go to school tomorrow, but they still can't go by then. (3) Somatization of depression. Children become sickly and often complain of headache, chest tightness, abdominal pain and unwillingness to eat. No problems were found during the inspection. It is useless to treat according to physical diseases or take some supplements.
2. Adolescent depression. It is found in junior high school students, ranging in age from 12 to 16. The inducing factors are: frustrated self-esteem, poor family education, divorced parents, addiction to the Internet, etc.
Special performance: (1) excessive remorse. When one or two test scores drop and others surpass themselves, they will continue to be depressed and fall into the corner of "I am poor, and people around me will look down on me in the future". No matter how my family persuaded me, I couldn't get rid of the pain. (2) extreme emotions. I often lose my temper and get annoyed with everything I see. The pace of life such as eating, drinking and sleeping becomes slow and chaotic. No matter whether parents point it out correctly or not, they always refute it with a confrontational attitude. (3) psychological atresia. He became withdrawn and taciturn. As soon as he got home, he shut himself in his room and didn't talk to his family. What he was thinking and why it happened could not be explained clearly. (4) dieting to lose weight. I began to pay attention to my figure, but I made up my mind to lose weight when I was normal. I am very cautious and bargain for three meals a day. When I lost face and lost weight, I didn't want to repent. Depression and anorexia form a vicious circle.
3. Youth depression. Most of them are high school students and college students, ranging in age from 17 to 23. The inducing factors of high school students' depression are: tense study atmosphere, lack of sleep, monotonous lifestyle and so on.
Special manifestations: (1) learning disabilities. Memory loss, slow response, inattention, distraction, and sometimes a blank. What I usually know, sometimes I feel that I can't do anything. The results of the big exam are much worse than usual. As the mood becomes more and more pessimistic, academic performance declines. (2) excessive doubt. I often feel that my classmates imitate themselves behind their backs, talk behind their backs or abuse themselves, and their actions are provoking themselves. I feel that my eyes are abnormal, I dare not look up at people, I speak modestly, and I even feel that I or my family are being watched. (3) The body feels abnormal. Think of the normal physiological state as morbid, and spend most of your energy thinking about the seriousness of "illness" every day. For example, I have repeatedly said that I have a voice in my nose, something in my throat, my stomach is always jumping and my ankle is protruding. After going to the hospital for repeated examination, no matter how the doctor explained it, they insisted on their own opinions and kept crying about these pains.
The main inducing factors of college students' depression are: maladjustment of university environment, interpersonal contradiction, family poverty, lovelorn and so on.
Special performance: (1) listless. When I arrived at the university, I felt that it didn't match my imagination, and I felt that what I learned was useless in the future. A person is silent and solitary all day, and has nothing to do with group activities. He often goes back to the dormitory and lies in bed as if he were sleeping. I am afraid that I will fail in one or several courses. (2) drop out of school. Hugh dropped out of school for an abnormal reason. I don't know why, but I don't want to study anyway. (3) Suicidal behavior. The suicide rate of depression among college students is high, so it is difficult to find it in advance. The most common way to commit suicide is jumping off a building, followed by taking sleeping pills and cutting wrists. Unsuccessful suicides still have repeated suicidal thoughts or behaviors after being rescued.
In addition, depression in children and adolescents has such characteristics: First, some students get sick for reasons, while others don't. When the inducing factors are eliminated, their situation cannot be improved; Secondly, students' depression is easily related to compulsion, anxiety, anorexia and psychotic symptoms, but the main clinical symptom is depression, and antidepressant treatment can cure other complications at the same time; Thirdly, most students' depression is mistaken by parents and teachers as an ideological and moral problem. Doing ideological work repeatedly for a long time is ineffective, but it aggravates the illness.