Building construction drawing is a drawing that shows the general layout, architectural modeling, internal layout, detailed structure, internal and external decoration, structural requirements and other contents of the house.

Including: general plan, building plan, building elevation, building section and building details.

(a), the general plan:

The general plan is a drawing showing the general layout of the building site. It shows the topography, features, roads, location and direction of the proposed house and its relationship with surrounding buildings in the form of plan. Because of the small scale of the map, houses, various features and building facilities cannot be drawn according to the real horizontal projection, but are expressed schematically with various legends.

(2) Building plan

1, the generation of plan:

Suppose a horizontal section is used to cut the house along the doors and windows of the house. After removing the upper part, the horizontal projection of the lower part of the section plane is called the building plan, which is called the plan for short.

2. Name of the plan:

Bottom Plan Standard Plan Top Plan Roof Plan

3, graphic content and graphic method of floor plan:

Graphic content: It shows the plane condition and layout of the house, including the division of rooms, the layout of stairs and walkways, the layout of wall column members and the number of axes, the position of doors and windows, the plane size, the layout of sanitary facilities, etc.

Graphic method: 1) Scale 2) Draw lines 3) Axis number 4) Legend 5) Dimension marking.

General legend

1, door code m, such as: M 1㎡M3.

Plane dimensions: external dimensions and internal dimensions.

1. External dimensions: mark three dimensions on the outside of the external wall.

The first (outermost) dimension: the total dimension of the external outline of the house, that is, the total length and width from the outer wall edge at one end to the outer wall edge at the other end. It can be used to calculate the building area and floor area.

The dimension of the second lane (middle lane): the dimension between the axes of house positioning. Generally, the dimension between the horizontal axes is the width dimension, and the dimension between the vertical axes is the depth dimension.

The third (innermost) dimension: the section dimension, which indicates the width and position of the door and window openings and walls.

Stack segmentation and detail structure, etc.

2. Internal dimensions:

All dimensions in the exterior wall are mainly used to indicate the position and width of the openings of the doors and windows in the interior wall, the thickness of the wall, and the position and dimensions of fixed equipment such as sanitary ware, cooking stoves and hand basins. In addition, the relative elevation between the building and the ground, as well as the name of the room and the number of doors and windows should be indicated.

Please note that compared with other plans, two items have been added to the bottom plan: 1) north arrow 2) section symbol.

Roof plan The roof plan mainly shows three aspects:

1, roof drainage. Such as drainage partition, gutter, roof slope, the location of the rain mouth, etc.

2. Objects protruding from the roof. Such as elevator machine room, water tank, inspection hole, skylight, chimney, etc.

3. Detailed practices. Such as flooding, gutter, deformation joint, rain mouth, etc.

Extended data

Architectural plane formation

After cutting the house along a position slightly higher than the window sill with an imaginary horizontal section, the upper part is removed and the rest is normal to the H plane, and the obtained horizontal section is called the building plan, which is referred to as the plan for short. ? [ 1]?

Function of building plan

Building plan is the basic sample of building construction drawing, which is the horizontal projection of the lower part of the section after the house is cut along the doors and windows with horizontal section. It reflects the plane shape, size and layout of the house; Location, size and materials of walls and columns; Type and location of doors and windows, etc. ? [ 1]?

Significance of building plan

As an important part of the architectural design and construction drawing, the architectural plan reflects the functional requirements of the building, the layout of the building and the relationship between them, and is the key link to determine the facade and internal structure of the building. It mainly reflects the plane shape, size, internal layout, floor, specific location of doors and windows, occupied area, etc. Therefore, the building plan is an important basis for the construction of new buildings and the layout of the construction site, and it is also the basis for designing and planning the professional engineering plans of water supply and drainage, strong and weak electricity, HVAC equipment and drawing the comprehensive map of pipelines.

Reference materials? Baidu Encyclopedia Construction Plan