The natural geographical environment refers to the sphere with a certain thickness on the earth's surface, that is, the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere interact and penetrate each other. It is formed under the action of solar radiation energy, internal energy of the earth and biological energy, which is much more complicated than the characteristics of other circles of the earth. Here, all kinds of solid, liquid and gas substances exist stably at the same time and penetrate each other. Only in this part of the earth can there be conditions for biological production and reproduction, which has become a powerful factor for the further development of the biosphere. After the appearance of human beings, it has become the environment for human life and production activities.
The research content of physical geography is more and more extensive with the development of the discipline, but it mainly studies the characteristics, structure, causes, dynamics and development laws of each component of physical geography; Study the relationship between physical and geographical elements and the dynamic process of material and energy circulation and transformation between them; Study the regional differentiation law of natural geographical environment; Study the characteristics of physical geography and comprehensive physical geography in various regions, evaluate natural conditions and natural resources, and provide scientific basis for regional development; This paper studies the changing characteristics, development trend and existing problems of the artificial environment disturbed and controlled by human beings, and seeks the ways of rational utilization and restoration measures.
Human geography is a subject that discusses the geographical distribution, diffusion and change of various human phenomena, as well as the formation and development law of regional structure of human social activities. It is one of the two main branches of geography. The word "humanity" corresponds to the word "nature" in physical geography, and generally refers to various social, political, economic and cultural phenomena. Generally speaking, human geography can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Human geography in a broad sense includes social and cultural geography, political geography and economic geography, while human geography in a narrow sense refers to social and cultural geography.
The research characteristics of human geography are not only comprehensive, regional and dynamic, but also the characteristics of taking human phenomena as the research object. Although its research object has something in common with social science, it pays attention to the characteristics of regional distribution and the relationship between human phenomena and geographical environment, which is different from social science, thus forming its unique theory and method and becoming an interdisciplinary marginal science. As a discipline close to humanities or social sciences in geography, human geography not only adopts traditional methods (truthful investigation, using maps, etc.). ) and modern methods (such as aerial photos, satellite photos, geographical models, etc. ), but also introduced a large number of social science methods (such as sampling survey, quantitative technology, psychology and behavior research methods). Geography is a subject that studies the spatial distribution of natural phenomena and human phenomena on the earth's surface and their relationship. Human geography and physical geography are two closely related components. Therefore, the development of human geography plays an important role in the development of geography