The Internet has experienced two stages of development in China. The period from 1987 to 1993 was the initial stage of the Internet in China, and domestic scientific and technological workers began to contact Internet resources. During this period, a group of scientific research institutes headed by Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences cooperated with foreign institutions to carry out some scientific research projects connected with the Internet, and provided Internet e-mail services for some key universities and scientific research institutions in China through dial-up using the Internet e-mail system. 1986, an international internet project named CANET (Chinese academic network) was jointly launched by Beijing Institute of Computer Application Technology (then Institute of Computer Application Technology of National Machinery Committee) and Karlsruhe University in Germany. 1In September, 987, the first Internet e-mail node in China was formally established in Beijing Institute of Computer Application Technology, and connected with the Internet e-mail system. Subsequently, with the support of the State Science and Technology Commission, CANET began to provide Internet e-mail services to scientific research, academia and education in China. During the period of 1989, the Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences realized the forwarding of international mail through its international partner, Stanford Accelerator Center. Thanks to the private line, the communication capacity has been greatly improved and the cost has been reduced, which has promoted the application and spread of the Internet in China. 1990, 15 electronic departments, China Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and other units cooperated with German GMD to connect the Internet e-mail system. TUNET, a campus network in Tsinghua University, also cooperated with UBC to realize MHS system. Therefore, domestic science and technology educators can use Internet e-mail service through public telephone network or public packet switching network. 1990 10, China officially registered the top domain name "CN" with the International Internet Information Center (InterNIC), thus opening up Internet e-mail using its own domain name. After CANET, some other universities and research institutes in China have also opened Internet e-mail links. 1994 65438+ 10, the National Science Foundation of the United States accepted China's request for formal access to the Internet. 1In March, 1994, China opened and tested a 64Kbps dedicated line, and China was allowed to join the Internet. In early April, Academician Hu Qiheng, Vice President of Chinese Academy of Sciences, formally requested the National Science Foundation (NSF) to access the Internet on behalf of the China government at the China-US Joint Commission on Science and Technology Cooperation, and was recognized. At this point, China finally got through the last joint. On April 20th, marked by the NCFC project's international dedicated line to access the Internet, China was in full contact with the Internet. In May of the same year, the networking in China was completed. China government approved Internet access to China. The domain name of China Network was finally determined as cn. This activity was rated as one of the top ten scientific and technological news in China in 1994 by the China press and listed as one of the major scientific and technological achievements in China in 1994 by the national statistical bulletin. Since 1994, China has realized the TCP/IP connection with the Internet, thus gradually opening up the full-featured service of the Internet; The large-scale computer network project was officially launched, and the Internet entered a period of rapid development in China. 1995 1 In June, China Telecom set up 64K dedicated lines in Beijing and Shanghai respectively, and began to provide Internet access services to the society through telephone network, DDN dedicated line and X.25 network. In March, the Chinese Academy of Sciences completed the remote connection of four branches in Shanghai, Hefei, Wuhan and Nanjing, and began the first step of Internet expansion to the whole country. In April, the Chinese Academy of Sciences started the networking project of units outside Beijing (commonly known as the "Hundred Networking Project") and named it "CSTNet". Its goal is to expand the network to 24 cities across the country, realize the computer interconnection of domestic academic institutions and connect with the Internet. The network has gradually become a national network serving technology users, technology management departments and technology-related government departments. 1May, 1995, the construction of ChinaNET national backbone network began. In July, the 128K international dedicated line connecting CERNET with the United States was opened. 65438+February, 100 The networking project of Chinese Academy of Sciences was completed. Just this month, the first phase of CERNET was completed one year ahead of schedule and passed the acceptance organized by the State Planning Commission. 1996 1 month, ChinaNET national backbone network was built and officially opened, and the national public computer internet began to provide services. On September 6th, China Jinqiao Information Network announced that it would start providing Internet services. 1996, 165438+ 10. In October, CERNET launched the 2M international channel. In February, 65438+,the China public multimedia communication network (169 network) was fully launched, and Guangdong Vision, Tianfu Hotline and Shanghai Hotline were officially opened as the first sites. 1On May 30th, 997, the Office of the State Council Informatization Leading Group issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Internet Domain Name Registration in China, authorizing China Academy of Sciences to establish and manage China Internet Information Center (CNNIC), and authorizing China Education and Research Computer Network Network Center to sign a contract with CNNIC and manage secondary domain names. 1997 On June 3rd, China Academy of Sciences was entrusted by the Office of the State Council Informatization Leading Group to set up China Internet Information Center (CNNIC) in the Computer Network Information Center to perform the duties of the National Internet Information Center. On the same day, the China Internet Information Center Working Committee was announced. 1997165438+10 In October, China Internet Information Center released the first Statistical Report on Internet Development in China. According to the report, by the end of June1997 65438+1October 3 1, there were 299,000 computers in China, with 620,000 Internet users, 4,066 domain names registered under CN, 0/500 WWW sites, and international export bandwidth/kloc-.