North China refers to an area in China and China located in the north of China. Including Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Geography: The center of North China is the North China Plain.
China is located between 32 and 42 north latitude in the north, bordering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the west and the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in the east. The north is connected with Northeast China and Inner Mongolia. It is roughly bounded by the isoline of accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃, 3200℃ and the isoline of monthly average temperature-10℃. From Dandong, Fuxin, Zhangwu, Weichang, Zhangbei, Youyu, Yulin, Dingbian, Zhongning to Wushaoling, most of the area south of this line belongs to the warm temperate zone, where crops are harvested three times a year and loess is widely distributed. The western border of North China, from the south of Wushaoling along the eastern foot of Qilian Mountain and the west of Taohe River to Bailong River, is roughly connected with the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a contour of 3000 meters. The southern boundary is the famous Qinling Huaihe River line, which is equivalent to the isoline of accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ and monthly average temperature 1℃4500℃. Summer lasts for 6-9 months, and the specific boundary is the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, which passes through Funiu Mountain and Huaihe River to the main irrigation canal in northern Jiangsu. Subtropical crops can't grow normally outside this line, and there are obvious differences in various natural phenomena on both sides of this line, which is an important dividing line of China's physical geography.
North China is composed of four physical geographical units: the low hills in eastern Liaodong and Shandong, the Huanghuaihai Plain and the lower reaches of Liaohe River in the middle, the Loess Plateau in the west and the mountainous areas in northern Hebei.
Liaodong and Shandong Peninsula enclose Bohai Sea with horns. Most of the mountains and hills on these two peninsulas are about 500 meters above sea level, and only a few peaks exceed 1000 meters. Although the mountain is not high, it has a certain influence on the operation of the ocean monsoon and constitutes the first topographic barrier between land and sea in North China. The vast Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the lower reaches of Liaohe River in the middle are low-lying, and the elevation is generally less than 50m. The mountainous area in northern Hebei and Taihang Mountain area in the northern and western parts of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain are 600- 1000m above sea level, which constitute the second terrain barrier in North China, further blocking the westward extension of moist ocean airflow and strengthening the difference between the east and the west of natural landscape in North China.
North China is the center of China's ancient culture and has a long history of development and utilization. Long-term human activities have greatly changed the natural landscape. Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau and drought, flood and alkali damage in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain are urgent problems to be solved.
Which province and city is North China?
North China refers to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and central Inner Mongolia, including the whole Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region politically. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in North China is the largest and most dynamic region in northern China.
North China, referred to as North China for short, is one of the seven geographical divisions in China. In physical geography, it generally refers to the vast areas north of the Huaihe River Line in Qinling Mountains and south of the Great Wall. The north is connected with northeast China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is roughly bounded by the isoline of accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃, 3200℃ and the isoline of monthly average temperature-10℃. It is the birthplace of ancient civilization in China.
Traditional Chinese characters:
North China
Pinyin:
Wabechi
Athena Chu:
ㄏㄨㄚ_ㄅㄟˇ
Brief introduction of northern cities in China:
Beijing
Beijing is the capital, municipality directly under the Central Government and national central city of People's Republic of China (PRC), the political and cultural center of China, the economic and financial decision-making and management center of China, the seat of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the National People's Congress, which has important international influence and is one of the largest cities in the world. Beijing is located on the northwest edge of North China Plain, backed by Yanshan Mountains, and the Yongding River flows through the southwest of the old city, adjacent to Tianjin and Hebei Province. Beijing is one of the "four ancient capitals" in China, with six world heritages and the largest number of cultural heritage projects in the world. It is a famous historical and cultural city with a history of more than 3,000 years and a capital history of more than 860 years, with numerous historical sites and cultural landscapes.
Tianjin:
Tianjin, referred to as Tianjin for short, is a municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, an economic center in northern China, an economic center around Bohai Sea, an international shipping center in northern China, an international logistics center in northern China, an international port city and an eco-city, an international shipping financing center, a research and development center for traditional Chinese medicine in China, and a testing and evaluation center for marine instruments in the Asia-Pacific region. Tianjin, located in the northern part of North China Plain, has been rising since ancient times because of grain transportation. The city was officially built on November 21, the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. It is a city in ancient China with an exact record of the time when it was built. After more than 600 years, Tianjin has created a unique urban landscape that combines Chinese and Western cultures and is compatible with ancient and modern times. It has become common sense that "China sees Tianjin in modern times". Tianjin is located at the intersection of five tributaries of Haihe River in North China Plain, bordering Bohai Sea in the east and Yanshan Mountain in the north. Haihe River winds through the city and is the mother river of Tianjin. Tianjin Binhai New Area is known as "the third economic growth pole of China". Tianjin is the permanent host city of the Summer Davos Forum.
Hebei province:
Hebei Province, referred to as Ji for short, was originally called Zhili Province, with Baoding as its capital. Since the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Hebei belonged to Zhao and Yan, so Hebei is also called the land of Yan and Zhao. Hebei is located between east longitude 1 13 04' and north latitude 1 19 53' and north latitude 36 0 1' to 42 37'. Located in North China, north of Zhanghe River, bordering Bohai Sea, Beijing and Tianjin in the east, Taihang Mountain in the west and Yanshan Mountain in the north. Shandong and Henan provinces in the southeast and south, Shanxi Province in the west, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the northwest and Liaoning Province in the northeast. It has jurisdiction over Shijiazhuang, Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Baoding, Xingtai, Handan, Langfang, Cangzhou, Zhangjiakou, Hengshui, Chengde and Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital.
Shanxi Province:
Shanxi province, referred to as Jin for short, is located in the west of Taihang Mountain and east of Yellow River. The geographical coordinates of Shanxi Province are 34 34'-40 43' north latitude and110/4'-14 33' east longitude. The province is about 682 kilometers long and 385 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of156,700 square kilometers, accounting for about 1.6% of the national total area. Shanxi, named after its location in the west of Taihang Mountain, has been called "mountains and rivers inside and outside" since ancient times, with a recorded history of 3,000 years, and is known as "the cradle of Chinese civilization" and "China Museum of Ancient Culture". During the Spring and Autumn Period, most areas were owned by the State of Jin, so it was called "Jin" for short. In the early Warring States period, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, so they were also called "Three Jin". It has jurisdiction over Taiyuan, Datong, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Jinzhong, Yangquan, Lvliang, Changzhi, Linfen, Jincheng, Yuncheng, etc. 1 1/county-level cities, 85 counties, 23 municipal districts and Taiyuan, the provincial capital.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region:
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is located in the northern frontier of China, extending obliquely from northeast to southwest in a long and narrow shape, with a straight line distance of 2,400 kilometers from east to west and a span of 1.700 kilometers from north to south, spanning three regions: northeast, north and northwest. The total land area is 1 183000 square kilometers, accounting for 12.3% of the national total area, ranking third among all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China. It borders 8 provinces and autonomous regions in the southeast and west, and Mongolia and Russia in the north, with a border of 4,200 kilometers.
North China administratively includes Hohhot, Baotou and Wulanchabu in central Inner Mongolia.
Inner Mongolia's "Western Economic Zone" takes Hohhot, Baotou and Ordos as the core and engine, radiating and driving Alashan, Wulanchabu, Bayannaoer and Wuhai. The total economic output, local fiscal revenue, added value of industrial enterprises above designated size and investment in fixed assets account for about 70% of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the per capita GDP is 65,438+0.64 times of the regional average. 69% of Inner Mongolia's installed power capacity, 79% of steelmaking and 50% of non-ferrous metals, as well as most industries such as coal chemical industry, equipment manufacturing, agricultural and livestock products processing and building materials are concentrated here.
The economic belt along the Yellow River with Hubao 'e as the core includes Hohhot, Baotou, Erdos, Wulanchabu, Bayannaoer, Wuhai, Alxa League along the Yellow River and 39 counties and cities along the traffic trunk line. By the end of 2009, the total population of the planning area was 654.38+002.53 million, accounting for 42.3% of the population of the whole autonomous region. The land area is 249,000 square kilometers, accounting for 2 1% of the whole autonomous region.
Historical evolution:
During the period of Three Emperors and Five Emperors, North China belonged to Jizhou, one of the ancient Kyushu. During the Yao and Shun period, China was divided into twelve states due to floods, while the north and south of Yu Shun were too far away from Jizhou, so it was separated from Youzhou in the northeast and merged into due north. After the flood control, Yu was reunited as Kyushu, belonging to Jizhou. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was built for Jin State, Yan State, Wei State and Rong Di, and governed Zhongshan State, Daiguo State and Xianyu State. During the Warring States Period, after Zhao, Wei and Han were divided into Jin, Zhao's mausoleum rode and shot, conquering the surrounding small countries of Rongdi, and North China was under the jurisdiction of Zhao, Wei, Han and Yan. Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and established a county system, which divided the world into thirty-six counties, and North China into nine counties, including Yanmen, Dai, Shanggu, Taiyuan, Handan, Julu, Shangdang, Hedong and Hanoi. Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty set up a prefecture governor's district. The territory is divided into counties and prefectures, which are the secretariat departments of thirteen states, while North China belongs to the secretariat departments of Bingzhou, Youzhou and Li Si. After five years of peace, Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty changed to a three-level system of state, county and county, and North China belonged to Bing, Youzhou and Li Si. As a result of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei defeated Yuan Shao to unify the north, and North China was under the jurisdiction of Cao Wei. The provinces and States entered Jizhou, and in the early years of Wei Emperor, they were unified. During the Western Jin Dynasty, the whole country was divided into 19 counties, and North China was under the jurisdiction of Bingzhou, Youzhou and Sizhou.
North China:
During the period of Five Lakes and Sixteen Countries, North China was established by Liu Yuan, Schleswig, Murong and Fu Jian, and had jurisdiction over Northern Han, Zhao Qian, Houzhao, Houyan, Xiyan, Wei Ran and Qianqin. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Tuoba family of Xianbei nationality unified the north, made Pingcheng its capital, and then moved to Luoyang. North China is the territory of the Northern Wei Dynasty, followed by the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Emperor Jing of the Northern Zhou Dynasty gave way to Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty established the Sui Dynasty, with its capital in Daxing City. Then they went south to destroy Chen and unify China.
In the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty abolished all counties in the world and changed the state-county three-level system to the state-county two-level system. North China belongs to Jizhou Secretariat. In the first year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty, the whole country was divided into ten roads, and North China was under the jurisdiction of Hebei Road and Hedong Road. During the Five Dynasties, North China was under the jurisdiction of Hou Liang, Later Tang Dynasty, Later Jin Dynasty, Later Han Dynasty, Wu Hou Dynasty and Northern Han Dynasty. There are six ambassadors: john young, Cheng De, Weber, Hedong, Zhao Yi and Heyang. In the third year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty, Shi Jingtang cut sixteen states into Qidan in Liao country. The Northern Song Dynasty was peaceful and rejuvenating the country, and the Song Division marched northward to unify the north for three years. It was divided into fifteen roads throughout the country, and the north was under the jurisdiction of Hedong Road, Hebei West Road and Hebei East Road. Jin destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, and set up 5 Jing, 14 Road and North China * * * 19 Road. Jason Wu is Huining Mansion in Shangjing, Kaifeng Mansion in Nanjing, Dading Mansion in Beijing, Liaoyang Mansion in Tokyo and Datong Mansion in Xijing, and 19 Road is Zhongdu Road, Shangjing Road, Xianping Road, Tokyo Road, Beijing Road, Hebei East Road, Hebei West Road, Damingfu Road, Xijing Road, Nanjing Road, Shandong East Road, Shandong West Road, Hedong North Road, Hedong South Road and Beijing West Road. From the Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan unified the whole country and established a provincial system. North China is directly under the jurisdiction of Zhongshu Province, collectively known as the belly area. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Yuan and proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing. It is divided into 20 provinces in China, the hinterland of Zhongshu Province in North China, Shanxi Province and Zhili Province. In nine years, it was changed to Shanxi Province, Zhili Province and Second Province. In the first year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty, Shanxi and Zhili provinces were restored. Zhili Province governs eleven states, seven zhili states, three zhili halls, Kyushu, one hall and one hundred and four counties, while Shanxi Province governs Kyushu, ten zhili states, twelve halls, six states and eighty-five counties. In the third year of the Republic of China, it was divided into Chahar and Suiyuan provinces in Shanxi Province, Jehol province in Zhili Province, and Shanxi, Chahar, Suiyuan, Zhili and Jehol provinces in North China. Shanxi Province governs Yanbei, Jining and Hedong. Zhili Province governs Jinhai Road, Baoding Road, Daming Road and Koubei Road. 1928, Zhili was renamed Hebei Province, and North China was Hebei Province, Henan Province, Shandong Province, Shanxi Province, Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province and Beiping.
Education:
North China is the most developed area of higher education in China. Peking University, Tsinghua University, China Renmin University, Beijing Normal University and many other universities are hidden here, which is the cradle of education in China.
Tourist attractions in North China:
Beijing
Tiananmen Square, Forbidden City, Lugou Bridge, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan, Badaling Great Wall, Ming Tombs, Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Laoshan Han Tomb, Mutianyu Great Wall, Du Shi, Shihua Cave and beijing happy valley.
Tianjin
Ancient Culture Street, Panshan Mountain, Huangyaguan Great Wall, Fifth Avenue, Eye of Tianjin, Italian Style Street, Tianjin Binhai Aircraft Carrier Theme Park, Tianjin Haichang Polar Ocean World, Dagukou Fort Site and Jingyuan
Hebei Province
Summer Resort and Waiba Temple, Baiyangdian, Yesanpo, Beidaihe, Xibaipo, Qing Xiling, Qing Dongling, Shanhaiguan, Wagong, Baishishan, Langya Mountain, Zhili Governor's Office, Dacige, Rongguofu, Zhao Zhouqiao and Baoduzhai.
Shanxi province
Yungang Grottoes, Sagata, Hukou Waterfall, Imperial City Xiangfu, Pingyao Ancient City, Qiao Family Courtyard, Jinci, Wutai Mountain, Stork Tower, Beiyue Hengshan Mountain, Hanging Temple, Taihang Mountain Grand Canyon, Wulaofeng, Pujiu Temple, Changjia Manor, Courtyard, Yuci Ancient Town, Wannian Ice Cave, Yao Temple, Linfen Fenhe Park, etc.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Genghis Khan Mausoleum, Wudangzhao, Enbukuji, Huyanglin Scenic Area, Xiangshawan, Zhaojun Museum, Meiligen Scenic Area, Zhao Great Wall, Jokhang Temple, General's House, North Weapon City, Yili Industrial Park and Mengniu Industrial Park.
What is the division between South China and North China?
1. North China, South China, East China and Central China are divided according to the geographical regions of China.
East China includes Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian and Shanghai.
3. South China includes Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan.
4. Central China includes Hubei, Hunan, Henan and Jiangxi.
North China includes Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia.
What is the dividing line between South China and North China?
North China refers to the Qinling Mountains and the north of Huaihe River in China, and generally refers to the two northern provinces and cities where 1 is located, including parts of Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Beijing City, Tianjin City and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Central China refers to the Yangtze River valley in China, south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains, north of Nanling Mountains and east of Wushan and Xuefeng Mountains. Administratively, it includes Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Henan Province and parts of Jiangxi Province and Anhui Province. South China refers to the south of Nanling Mountain in China, including Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
Which provinces does East China refer to?
East China, referred to as "East China", is located in the east of China. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, East China was once one of the six major administrative regions in China, and it was the first-class administrative region at that time. /kloc-revoked in 0/954, and its jurisdiction is equivalent to Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Shandong, Taiwan Province and other places. Jiangxi was the south-central region at that time, and later it was assigned to East China. 196 1 year, East China Economic Cooperation Zone was established, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Shandong and other places, and was revoked after 1978.
East China is still the name of the region, including seven provinces and one city. Among them, Taiwan Province Province is listed separately because of its particularity, and is generally not included in the statistics. In addition, the administrative division codes of other six provinces and one city all start with "3".
East China is the economic zone with the highest comprehensive technical level in China, with superior natural environment conditions, rich natural resources, developed commodity production and complete industrial categories. Light industry, machinery and electronics industries are dominant in this country. Railway, water transport, highway and shipping extend in all directions, and it is the most economically and culturally developed area in China.
The total area of East China is 834,300 square kilometers, accounting for 8.7% of the country. At the end of 2065,438+06, the total population was about 430 million, accounting for 30% of the country. In 2065,438+06, the GDP was 28.8 trillion, accounting for 38.7% of the country.
How are the seven districts in China divided?
The basic basis of the seven physical geographical divisions is to integrate many dimensions such as history and nationality on the basis of science, and follow the relevant division principles to carry out the division work.
The general principles of geographical division are: the combination of zonality and non-zonality, the principle of main factors and comprehensive analysis, the principle of relative consistency, the principle of genesis and the principle of geographical yoke. These principles are not independent, but interrelated, integrated and complementary.
Seven administrative geographical divisions
North China: Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Northeast China: Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province.
East China: Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces.
Central China: Henan, Hubei and Hunan provinces.
South China: Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hainan Province, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.
Southwest: Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Xizang Autonomous Region.
Northwest: Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Map of six provinces and one city in East China
1, East China;
2. South China;
3. Central China;
4. North China;
5. Northwest China;
6. Southwest China;
7. Northeast China;
8. Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao.