Da Xue was originally an article in the Book of Rites, which had never been published separately before the Southern Song Dynasty. It is said that it was written by Confucius' disciple Zeng Shen. From the Tang Dynasty when Han Yu and Li Ao upheld orthodoxy and praised The Great Learning and The Doctrine of the Mean, to the Northern Song Dynasty when two brothers, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, praised and publicized it in various ways, and even called it The Great Learning, Confucius' suicide note, they became beginners of virtue. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu inherited Cheng Zhu's thoughts, and also extracted Daxue from The Book of Rites, which was juxtaposed with The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and The Doctrine of the Mean, and became one of Zhu's four books when he wrote Notes on Four Books. Zhu and Cheng Yi believe that "The University" is a suicide note left by Confucius and his disciples and a popular reading of Confucianism. Therefore, Zhu listed it as the first of the "four books".

(1) Stop at the best.

Original: The way of a university is to be virtuous, to be close to the people, and to stop at perfection.

Meaning: to achieve perfection. Note: Stop: reach; To: the most, the most.

Personal experience: stop at perfection is one of my favorite idioms. Whether you are studying, doing things, pursuing perfection and perfection, you can't go wrong at any age.

② Honesty and sincerity

People who want to govern the country; Get together with your family first; If you want to reunite with your family, you should first repair your body; If you want to cultivate yourself, you should be upright first; If you want to be correct, be sincere first; Be sincere, let him know first; Knowledge exists in things.

Meaning: If you want to govern the country, you must first govern the family. If you want to manage your family well, you must first cultivate your own morality (self-cultivation); If you want Xiu De, you must first correct your mentality (righteousness); If you want to correct your mentality, you must first make your thoughts sincere and selfless (sincere); If you want to make your thoughts sincere and selfless, you must first understand the truth (knowledge) of things; If you want to know and understand, you must first get rid of material desires and correct their incorrect ideas (things). Note: Case: Right and Wrong.

Personal experience: this is a serial sentence, one link is linked with another. It's about governing the country. From macro to micro, in short. For ancient kings and ministers, this is a very philosophical and practical policy. If you are sincere, from king to commoner, who doesn't want to associate with you? Since ancient times, people should pay attention to honesty. Only honest people can gain a foothold in society. This is true at all times and in all countries. As the original text said: From Tian Zi to Shu Ren, self-cultivation is the foundation.

(3) Knowledge is recognized by things.

The reference is sincere.

(4) at all costs

Although Zhou is an old country, he has been reformed all his life, and a gentleman can do it.

You don't have to try your best everywhere. (Extreme: exhausted. )

Personal experience: from the original text, I think there is a similar meaning of stopping at perfection. This idiom gradually evolved into a derogatory meaning.

⑤ What you see with ten eyes means what you point to with ten fingers.

Original text: Zeng Zi said, "What you see with ten eyes and what you point to with ten hands is strict."

Meaning: Don't risk doing something bad in full view of your words and deeds, even if you do, you can't hide it.

Personal experience: Be careful when dealing with people. Don't be clever Think from other people's point of view before doing anything. Can this be done? What happens after you do it? It's best not to do things that make people poke their spine.

6. Broad-minded and fat.

Pronunciation: xο xΡ n guá ng tá n

Original: Furun House, virtuous and healthy, broad-minded and fat. Therefore, a gentleman must be sincere.

Meaning: Open-minded and serene in appearance. Note: broadness: broadness and frankness; Fat: Antai is comfortable.

Many people mispronounce this idiom. Whoever reads it wrong must use it wrong.

Personal experience: I have observed people around me. Anyone with a broad mind must look very comfortable. Any narrow-minded person will make you feel unspeakable.

⑦ Absent-minded.

Absent-minded, blind, listening without hearing, eating without knowing its taste.

Meaning: The heart is not here. Note: Yan: Here, here.

8 in and out.

Original text: "The goods in are also out."

Meaning: Property acquired by improper means will also be taken away by others by improper means.

Personal experience: for example, the money won in gambling is lost in the blink of an eye. In fact, it is not a good thing to get money that is not contradictory, even if you don't go out. Now, what can those corrupt officials bring to them with the money they earn? It's nothing more than jail. There is a saying that a gentleman loves money and takes it wisely.

Pet-name ruby is as good as treasure.

Original: Chu has no treasure, and goodness has treasure.

Meaning: Chu has no treasure. Virtue is the only wealth.

Attending to make money.

The ways to make money are: more people live and fewer people eat. The person who does it is sick, and the person who uses it is comfortable. Then wealth is enough. Benevolent people make a fortune. Those who are not kind will make a fortune with their bodies.

Meaning: This idiom is similar to "A gentleman loves money and takes it wisely".