Wang Xiaoying, deputy director of the kindergarten director training center of the Ministry of Education, and professor of preschool education college of the Department of Education of Northeast Normal University, and Liu Siyuan, the primary school affiliated to Northeast Normal University, put forward that the ability of deep learning is a new requirement for people in the development of the new era in the article "Basic characteristics and logical structure of children's deep learning" published in 2020 1 preschool education research. Children's deep learning refers to a meaningful learning process in which children devote themselves to challenging topics for a long time under the guidance of teachers, use high-order thinking, transfer existing experience, and finally solve practical problems through cooperation and exploration among peers. Children's deep learning is manifested in the cognitive level, emphasizing the cultivation of problem-solving ability; On the level of motivation, it emphasizes the stimulation and maintenance of positive emotions; On the social and cultural level, it emphasizes communication and support in interpersonal communication. Although children's deep learning and shallow learning have essential differences in learning objectives, motivations, methods and results, they are corresponding rather than opposite. Shallow learning is the foundation of deep learning, and deep learning is the promotion of shallow learning. The process of children's deep learning should be guided by problem solving, driven by positive emotions, supported by hands-on production, supported by peer cooperation, and centered on evaluation and reflection.