The functional orientation of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone Development Plan approved by the state is: based on Beibu Gulf, serving the "Three Souths" (Southwest, South China and Central South), facing Southeast Asia, connecting east and west, serving the western development, giving full play to the role of Beibu Gulf as an important channel, communication bridge and cooperation platform connecting multiple regions, promoting development and construction through open cooperation, and building it into a gateway and hub for the opening up of western China. China is a regional logistics base, trade base, processing and manufacturing base and information exchange center for ASEAN countries, and an open cooperation demonstration zone for ASEAN countries. It has become a strategic highland for promoting and supporting the development of the western region and an important international regional economic cooperation zone with high openness, strong radiation, economic prosperity, social harmony and good ecology. It has gradually become a strategic highland to drive and support the development of the western region and a new pole for the coastal development of China. It can be seen that the strategic nature of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is to build it into an important international regional economic cooperation zone.
Unique location advantage
Beibu Gulf has many advantages, such as rich resources and beautiful environment, but from the perspective of openness, cooperation and development, the biggest advantage is its unique geographical location. Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is located at the junction of South China Economic Circle, Southwest Economic Circle and ASEAN Economic Circle. It is the only coastal area in the western development area of China, and it is also an area where China and ASEAN countries have both sea lanes and land borders. The geographical advantage is obvious and the strategic position is outstanding. The location advantages of Beibu Gulf are as follows:
First, geographically, it is a bit wide. In East Asia, it is the junction of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. In a narrow sense, it is the junction of China and ASEAN and the core of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. Doing a good job in regional economic cooperation and development in Beibu Gulf is conducive to the exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN, the formation and development of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, and the cooperation and development of East Asia.
Second, it is characterized by the intersection of land and sea between China and ASEAN, which is connected by sea and bordered by land. It can reach all countries in the world, especially 9 ASEAN countries in 10, 7 countries in the Indo-China Peninsula ASEAN continent, and even extend to countries such as Bangladesh and India in South Asia. Beibu Gulf is the gateway, frontier and bridgehead of China's open cooperation with ASEAN.
There are many areas along the coast of China that have excellent harbors and can carry out international open cooperation at sea; There are many areas with convenient land ports along the border that can carry out international open cooperation on highways, but only the Beibu Gulf has the unique advantages of both excellent maritime ports and convenient land ports, and both land and sea can carry out international cooperation with ASEAN countries. Taking advantage of this advantage and through open cooperation, Beibu Gulf can become a land, sea and air transportation hub, a platform for political, economic and cultural exchanges and a contact point for industrial cooperation between China and ASEAN.
The open development of Beibu Gulf has become a national strategy.
Although Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is located in Guangxi, the opening and development of the economic zone is not only a matter of Guangxi level, but also a major event related to the overall national strategy. The implementation of the Plan marks that the development and opening up of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone has been formally incorporated into the national strategy. Accelerating the opening-up and development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is an important measure to improve the national regional development strategy, which is of great strategic significance for giving full play to the resource and environmental advantages of Beibu Gulf, promoting the all-round economic and social development of Guangxi and Southwest China, promoting the interactive development of Southwest China and Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, forming a new national economic growth zone and deepening the cooperation between China and ASEAN.
The open development of the Beibu Gulf plays an irreplaceable and decisive role in the economic layout of the national coastal and western development, and in the opening to the south and ASEAN cooperation. Over the years, China has implemented the strategy of coastal opening first. According to the order of open development, the Pearl River Delta took the lead in the 1980s, followed by the Yangtze River Delta in the 1990s, Tianjin Binhai New Area rose before the 20th century 10, and after the foundation of Beibu Gulf was laid for 5- 10, it is very necessary and entirely possible for it to rise into a new one after the 20th century 10.
The western development is an important strategic plan put forward and implemented by China in 1990s. In western China 1 1 provinces, the only sea port is Guangxi Beibu Gulf. At the same time, it is also very convenient for the western regions of central provinces and cities such as Hunan and Hubei to go out to sea from Beibu Gulf, so the rise of Beibu Gulf will become the leader of open cooperation in southwest China and even parts of the central and western regions. Promoting the open development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is an important strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to continue to implement the overall strategy of regional development, further promote the development of the western region and promote regional coordinated development.
In China's foreign policy, it is "respecting neighbors" and implementing a friendly policy of "good-neighborliness, security and prosperity" for neighboring countries. In particular, ASEAN, which is linked by mountains and rivers, has established a peaceful and prosperous strategic partnership, and China-ASEAN Free Trade Area will be built by 20 10. Beibu Gulf happens to be the junction of China and ASEAN and the center of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. The implementation of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone Development Plan will promote the friendly cooperation between China and ASEAN in an all-round way, which is conducive to the development, stability and peace of Asia and the world.
The implementation of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone development plan, from the perspective of national and coastal economic layout, is to effectively implement Scientific Outlook on Development and promote the balanced and coordinated development of the eastern, central and western regions of the country; Internationally, Beibu Gulf, as the main sector of regional cooperation between China and ASEAN, is conducive to the establishment of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and East Asian cooperation.
Seize the opportunity to build three bases and one center.
The construction of China-ASEAN land, sea and air transport hub includes maritime ports, land railways leading to Indo-China Peninsula and expressway system, as well as the air transport system from China to ASEAN countries via Beibu Gulf. Transportation is the carrier of logistics and the premise of trade, especially the modern service industry. Based on the formation of China-ASEAN transportation hub, Beibu Gulf will develop into a logistics base and trade base of China-ASEAN.
Industrial cooperation is the core of regional cooperation. To undertake the industrial transfer of Chinese mainland, especially the Pearl River Delta, and meet the needs of ASEAN countries to promote industrialization, Beibu Gulf can become the contact point of China-ASEAN scientific and technological cooperation. By promoting industrial cooperation between China and ASEAN and vigorously developing R&D business, Beibu Gulf will develop into an important processing and manufacturing base.
As a platform for political, economic and cultural exchanges between China and ASEAN, Guangxi Beibu Gulf region makes full use of its geographical advantages, enriches, expands and promotes the China-ASEAN Expo, puts forward more ideas in terms of time, space and specific content, and carries out more political, economic and cultural exchanges between China and ASEAN in Beibu Gulf region. Frequent exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN in Beibu Gulf will greatly promote the construction and formation of China-ASEAN information exchange center in this region.
Give play to regional advantages and pay attention to openness and cooperation.
The open cooperation in the Beibu Gulf region is all-round, including cooperation with relevant domestic regions, as well as cooperation with countries outside ASEAN and third countries and regions. Only by creating conditions, actively and highly opening up, allowing people, goods and capital from China, ASEAN and third countries and regions to fully contact and exchange, and gathering, exchanging and fermenting resources, can we build an international regional economic cooperation zone.
At home, the focus is to actively participate in the Pan-Pearl River Delta regional economic cooperation, take the initiative to undertake the transfer and radiation of industries, capital and technology from Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, become the main undertaking place for the transfer of processing trade industries, and strengthen cooperation with neighboring provinces such as Guangdong, Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan in transportation, logistics, tourism, energy resources development and environmental protection. Relying on the southwest sea passage, we will further expand economic cooperation with the southwest region and promote the formation of a closely linked and powerful urban belt. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen ties with other areas in the central and western regions and serve the opening up of these areas.
Facing foreign countries, the focus is on actively expanding regional cooperation with ASEAN. Accelerate the formation of a new pattern of China-ASEAN regional economic cooperation with Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation and Pan-Beibu Gulf Economic Cooperation as its wings and Nanning-Singapore Economic Corridor as its axis. In particular, we will actively promote the Pan-Beibu Gulf economic cooperation and create a new bright spot for China-ASEAN maritime sub-regional cooperation. Beibu Gulf Economic Circle is the core of regional cooperation in Beibu Gulf and even Pan-Beibu Gulf. Sino-Vietnamese cooperation in building "two corridors and one circle", including the Beibu Gulf economic circle, also focuses on the Beibu Gulf, so it is also necessary to vigorously promote Sino-Vietnamese regional economic cooperation on land and sea.
The Beibu Gulf regional cooperation is basically weak-weak cooperation, so we should carry out cooperation on a larger scale, actively expand cooperation with Japan, South Korea, Europe and the United States and other countries and regions, mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, and achieve a win-win situation for all parties involved.
To build Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone into a highly open zone between China and ASEAN, we should take the initiative to open up, fully open up and be highly open. On the premise of safeguarding sovereignty and national interests, and under the premise of management, we will actively open borders and ports to allow foreigners to come in for economic cooperation and tourism activities. To expand opening up, it is urgent to suggest that Fangchenggang, Qinzhou Port, Beihai Port and Nanning Airport be opened as free ports or bonded ports; During and before the China-ASEAN Expo, Nanning implemented visa-free access, and all exhibiting goods were tax-free; Strengthen the cooperation between Nanning and Hanoi, Vietnam, set up customs and border defense at the railway station, and promote exchanges between the two places like a through train from Guangzhou to Hong Kong; Let go of the first-line border areas such as dongxing city and Pingxiang, strengthen the border control of the second-line customs, and expand exchanges and cooperation in the border areas between China and Vietnam.
The opening and development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf has been promoted to a national strategy, and it has been clearly positioned as an important international regional economic cooperation zone, which is an important measure of the overall strategy of regional economic development in China. The implementation of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone Development Plan is to promote the rational layout and balanced development of coastal areas, central and western regions, especially southwest regions, and promote China's southward opening cooperation. Opening up promotes cooperation and cooperation promotes development. By vigorously promoting regional cooperation between China and ASEAN, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone will become a logistics base, trade base, processing and manufacturing base and information exchange center between China and ASEAN, and become a new economic highland and growth pole.
Tian Shuhua: Using Capital Market to Promote Regional Coordinated Development
2011August 29th 02:29 Source: china securities journal.
Author: Tian Shuhua, postdoctoral fellow of Galaxy Securities Research Institute.
The imbalance of regional development is a long-standing problem in China. To promote the economic development of the central and western regions, we must solve the problem of production factors needed for the large-scale development, in which capital investment is the key factor. The best way to form large-scale capital investment is to promote it through the capital market.
There are many reasons for the large development gap between regions in China, but the unbalanced development of capital market is an important reason for the large development gap between economic regions in China. Comparing the development of capital markets in the four major economic regions, we can find that the development of capital markets in the eastern, central, northeastern and western regions is obviously unbalanced.
In terms of the number of listed companies, there are 15 16 listed companies in eastern provinces and cities, with an average of 15 1.6 listed companies in each province and city; There are 347 listed companies in six provinces and cities in central China, with an average of 57.8 listed companies in each province and city; There are 133 listed companies in the three northeastern provinces, with an average of 44 listed companies in each province; There are 348 listed companies in western 12 provinces and cities, with an average of 29 listed companies in each province and city. The number of listed companies in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in the other three regions.
From the comparison of the market value of listed companies, there is a phenomenon that the market value of listed companies in the eastern economic zone is the highest, accounting for the largest proportion, while the market value of the other three regions is smaller. By the end of 2011July, the total market value of listed companies in the eastern economic zone (10 provinces and cities) accounted for 76% of the total market value of A shares; The western region (12 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions) accounts for11%of the total market value of A shares; The central region (6 provinces) accounts for10% of the total market value of A shares; Northeast China (3 provinces) accounts for 3% of the total market value of A shares.
Judging from the average value of provinces and cities, the average total market value of the eastern provinces is 2356.869 billion yuan, the central region is 565.438+05.709 billion yuan, the northeast region is 285.297 billion yuan, and the western region is 273.429 billion yuan. The average of eastern provinces is 8.62 times that of western provinces, 8.26 times that of northeastern provinces and 4.57 times that of central provinces.
Judging from the amount of funds raised by the securities market in various regions, since the establishment of China's securities market, the largest amount of funds raised by the four major economic zones in China is the eastern region, with * * funds raised 198233 billion yuan, while the other three economic zones are: the western region1224.7 billion yuan and the central region 10675 billion yuan respectively. It can be seen that the East has an absolute advantage. Compared with the per capita fund-raising amount of the four regions, the eastern region still has the absolute advantage of 40,900 yuan/person, followed by 3,520 yuan/person in the northeast, 3,060 yuan/person in the west and 2,999 yuan/person in the middle.
It can be seen that there is an obvious gap between the total market value of listed companies and the amount of funds raised from the securities market in the four major economic regions of China, and the eastern region is far ahead of other regions.
To solve the problem that the economic development in the central and western regions needs production factors and resources, capital investment is a key factor. To form a large-scale capital investment, the best starting point is the promotion of the capital market. How to use the capital market to promote the economic development of backward areas, especially the central and western regions? We think we can consider the following aspects:
First, the state gives care or preferential treatment to backward areas, especially the central and western regions. For example, under the premise of conforming to the industrial development policy, the listing conditions, refinancing conditions, bond issuance or other special policies of companies in these fields can be considered; Give preferential policies to enterprises in the central and western regions in terms of taxation and investment; For the capital gains of listed companies investing in the central and western regions, tax incentives are given, and so on.
Second, actively cultivate the capital market in the central and western regions. By the end of 20 1 1, there were only two stock exchanges in China, Shanghai and Shenzhen, which seriously aggravated the imbalance in the regional distribution of funds. In the future, we should consider setting up the Midwest Stock Exchange to change the situation that China's capital center is concentrated in the east and build a financial center with financial resources concentrated in the Midwest.
Third, backward areas, especially the central and western regions, should actively cultivate and develop a reserve team of listed companies with good quality and support local enterprises to enter the capital market. In the process of revitalizing the regional economy by using the securities market, we should not only promote the sustainable development of existing listed companies, but also cultivate and develop a group of reserve forces of listed companies with good quality, so that local enterprises can continuously get the support of the capital market and provide fresh blood for the "central plate" and "western plate" of the securities market.
Fourth, capital market intermediaries, especially securities companies, should attach importance to the development of capital market business in the central and western regions. We should make use of the capital market's financing ability, resource advantage allocation function and mechanism transformation function to serve the development of the central and western regions. On-the-job Postgraduate Training Mode of Regional Economy
1, with a two-year academic system and classes on weekends and public holidays;
2. Beijing weekend class: use Saturday or Sunday to attend classes;
3. National holiday classes: classes are held on public holidays;
Peking University, an institution offering on-the-job postgraduate courses in regional economy.
Capital University of Economics and Business
Renmin University of China
The Central University Of Finance and Economics
Fudan University
Nankai University
Wuhan University
University of International Business and Economics
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Characteristics of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics
Focus on elite training
The School of International Economics has only master's and doctoral education, but no undergraduate education. The college has always paid attention to the quality of teaching and cultivated high-end compound talents.
Planning industrial development direction in combination with economic environment
This major is based on mastering economic theory, looking at the world economic environment, and solving practical problems such as modern management and project management for governments at all levels and relevant departments in enterprises through the law of economic development.
The course is internationalized, advanced and practical.
University of international business and economics is characterized by its own internationalization, and its courses are closely connected with international standards, such as industrial development planning, investment project management and regional brand marketing.
Conduct a monthly forum for on-the-job postgraduate lectures.
Invite experts from ministries and commissions, well-known professors and senior executives to hold lecture forums every month. The content is: analyze and comment on the major economic events that occurred worldwide in the month and their impact on personal work and life.
Equipped with the strongest combination of teachers
President Sang Baichuan and Vice President Zhuang Rui enjoy a high reputation in this field, and both of them have participated in on-the-job postgraduate teaching. Some teachers are also qualified to work and train in China's embassies and consulates abroad and foreign universities.
Training objectives:
When regional planning and attracting investment are important tasks for governments and enterprises at all levels to develop economy, in order to improve the modern management ability and project management level of relevant government departments and enterprises at all levels, university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics has set up postgraduate courses in regional planning and attracting investment to serve regional development and enterprises and cultivate high-quality senior management talents for attracting investment for local governments and enterprises.
course
degree course
1, microeconomics 2, macroeconomics
3. International economics. Socialist economic theory
5. finance 6. money and banking
Professional courses
1, development zone model and case analysis 2, investment project management
3. Regional brand marketing. Business English
5. Business communication and negotiation 6. Investment policy and practice
7. Market economy. Industrial development planning
9. Regional Development Planning 10, Data Model and Business Analysis
optional course
(1) investment environment analysis (2) marketing
(3) Cross-cultural communication (4) Financial management (including financial statement analysis)
(5) International Finance and Foreign Exchange Management (6) Business Etiquette
(7) Corporate Financial Strategy (8) Human Resource Management
(9) Effective communication strategy (10) International project bidding From the perspective of the practice of the world economy, the government's economic planning is to make up for the defects of the market on the basis of respecting the role of the market, and any "layout of the world" or "forced guidance" behavior may produce negative results.
From June 5 to February 2006, the Shanghai-Jiangsu-Zhejiang Economic Cooperation and Development Symposium, the Yangtze River Delta Urban Economic Coordination Meeting and the Central Cities Economic Coordination Meeting along the Yangtze River were held one after another. For a time, regional coordination was surging, which made people happy. However, the regional economy is not really coordinated, among which, all kinds of "border troubles" that are entangled and difficult to clarify are a lot of disasters.
At the Shanghai-Jiangsu-Zhejiang symposium, the first draft regional planning in China, the Yangtze River Delta Regional Planning Draft, surfaced. However, some planning experts pointed out that this draft, which was sent to relevant provinces and cities for comments, focused on the overall layout and allocation of productive forces and was vague about the imbalance and disharmony in regional economic development. As for this situation, the main reason is that the compilers are unclear about the boundary between the government and the market.
Whether this judgment is correct or not is still difficult to distinguish, but on the issue of coordinated regional development, there are indeed vague and unclear places in many places. For example, the complementary division of labor and dislocation development of cities in the region. On the surface, this formulation is reasonable and logical, but in fact, there are still no clear answers to a series of questions such as how to divide the work, how to misplace it, through what division of labor, and through what dislocation.
According to the information disclosed by relevant people, there has been a heated debate on this issue within the expert group that compiled the draft plan for the Yangtze River Delta. One view is that the planning should make a relatively clear division of industrial division within the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration; There is also a view that if we don't act according to the inherent laws of market economy development, the plan can't be implemented, and the situation of "economic exchange" will appear in the Yangtze River Delta if we define what industries a specific city will develop.
The essence of this debate involves a problem that has not been well solved for a long time-how the government grasps the scale of regulating the economy. If the basic economic unit in dispute is replaced by a county or township under the jurisdiction of a specific city, the debate becomes a question of what role the local government should play in the local specific industrial layout. And this problem is a common problem that China urgently needs to solve.
Needless to say, at present, although the role of market mechanism has been widely recognized, local governments have not completely withdrawn from market competition. In Nantong, Jiangsu, a large-scale international home textile city spans two county-level administrative regions, Tongzhou and Haimen. In this way, although the home textile city is a whole in history, the two administrative regions are planned separately. Even the name of Home Textile City has been disputed by relevant places. Tongzhou should be called China Tongzhou International Home Textile City, and Haimen should be named China Haimen.
This regional competition pattern exists in almost all regions of China. For the sake of political achievements and fiscal revenue, local governments still regard themselves as the subject of competition, not coordination. Furthermore, in the management of the core elements of local economy, such as leading industries and industrial agglomeration, the government tends to control them in the form of planning, and many people also have the impulse to "point out the country", "lay out the world" and "create agglomeration out of thin air". Regrettably, from the practice of world economy, the role of government economic planning is to make up for the defects of the market on the basis of respecting the role of the market, and any act of "monopolizing the world" or "forcibly guiding" may produce negative results. Five new characteristics of regional economic development: first, the national economic map presents five echelons; Second, the GDP growth rate in the central and western regions is significantly higher than that in the eastern region; Third, the economic growth rate of various provinces and cities generally declined; Fourth, the growth rate of fixed assets investment in the central and western regions is obviously faster than that in the eastern region; Fifth, the contribution rate of fixed assets investment to GDP growth in the central and western regions is significantly higher than that in the eastern region.
The eastern, central and western parts of China have different stages of economic development, so the government should make use of the situation and adopt targeted economic development and macro-control policies. First, formulate differentiated industrial policies according to the different development stages of China's eastern, central and western regions. While maintaining a certain economic growth rate, the eastern region should vigorously develop the service industry and high-end manufacturing industry and strive to achieve industrial upgrading. The industry in the central and western regions is still in the process of growth. In the process of undertaking the industrial transfer in the eastern region, we should also pay attention to the improvement of the industrial chain, and gradually form a complete industrial chain in the upper, middle and lower reaches to provide power guarantee for sustained economic growth. The second is to be wary of a new round of overcapacity caused by excessive investment. 20 13 the change of local government in China will be completed initially. After the change, the government often has the impulse to invest. At the same time, with the advancement of urbanization, some local governments may overinvest in the name of new urbanization. The central government should strengthen policy guidance and be alert to the new round of overcapacity and redundant construction caused by excessive investment.