The above cases are only a few cases of college students committing crimes, but they also reveal the psychological problems of contemporary college students. The Concise Encyclopedia of Britain defines mental health as: "Mental health refers to the best functional state that individual psychology can achieve within the scope permitted by the environment, not the absolutely perfect state."
At present, the psychological problems of college students are as follows:
1 interpersonal problems
Modern universities and colleges are called "small societies". This requires contemporary college students to form their own interpersonal circle in the "society" and be able to deal with relatively complex interpersonal relationships flexibly. In fact, interpersonal communication is a psychological two-way interaction. I remember a philosopher said, "People without communication skills, like ships on land, will never reach the ocean of life". Then, an important topic faced by contemporary college students appears. How to establish a smooth and harmonious interpersonal relationship. However, college students' different personality characteristics, innate sensitivity and impulsiveness in adolescence and different attitudes towards people make them encounter various problems in interpersonal communication, resulting in psychological problems such as anxiety, irritability, confusion and even social hatred, which seriously affect their physical and mental health and free growth.
1. 1 It is difficult to get along with individuals.
The survey found that 1/3 was related to classmates, dormitories and heterosexual relationships. The conflict between culture and living habits is different from that in ordinary middle schools. Students come from all over the country, and some students find it difficult to tolerate other people's living habits, and it is easy to have contradictions in a group. Some college students pay special attention to these small problems. Usually it is some small problems that lead to the deterioration of the relationship. Some college students always think that others are aiming at themselves and look down on themselves, while some students are used to misinterpreting others' words and deeds, lacking tolerance and always considering problems from negative aspects.
1.2 Lack of intimate friends and confidants.
Maslow, an American humanistic psychologist, put forward the hierarchy theory of needs, which ranked human needs from low to high as follows: physiological needs, security needs, communication needs, respect needs and self-realization needs. Communicative needs refer to a person's need to get close to others, cooperate with each other and develop friendship. It is an important part of spiritual needs. A college student left school unexpectedly and never heard from him again. It turns out that this college student stayed in the Internet cafe for many days and confided in people online. Because in the real world, he feels lonely and depressed when he is in contact with his classmates, and he can't find a real bosom friend, so he can only talk on the Internet.
2 academic expectations
The important feature of college students' learning is that college teachers act as instructors in the teaching process, but college students themselves are the main body of learning activities, that is, learning autonomy. Therefore, college students are faced with great changes in learning environment, learning methods, learning habits and learning content, and have a brand-new evaluation of their learning ability. The academic performance of colleges and universities will affect students' employment after graduation and even their future. Nowadays, the social competition is fierce, and these pressures of college students are also easy to intensify internal contradictions.
3 job hunting and job selection issues
This is a common problem of senior students. When they enter the society, they often face many puzzles and worries, such as choosing a career that suits them, how to plan their career in the long run, and what kind of psychological preparation they should have when applying for a job, which will bring anxiety to college students. For a long time, China society has formed a phenomenon that national resources are excessively concentrated in the elite, and "everything is inferior, and education is high". This kind of consciousness leads to the single value orientation in the ideological system and many unreasonable professional discrimination. The expectation of graduates and parents is that students can enter hot industries after graduation, and they will resist the blue-collar culture from the heart.
As a result, there is a surplus of talents in some industries and a shortage of talents in some industries. The psychological problems that college graduates often encounter in job hunting mainly include ambivalence, dependence, pride, fear, inferiority, comparison and so on. These psychological problems are manifested in many emotional problems. These common psychological problems in employment are closely related to the characteristics of college students' psychological development and the current employment environment of the whole society. Some college students' employment mentality has become narrow.
In view of the psychological problems of college students at present, the following corresponding measures are put forward:
1 Strengthen the construction mechanism of campus culture
College students who bear great psychological load in their study and life need rich and colorful campus culture, which includes two aspects, namely, environmental culture construction and spiritual culture construction.
1. 1 environmental and cultural construction
Strengthen the construction of school publicity windows, and strengthen the construction of radio and television and campus networks. Show more academic knowledge and high-level cultural knowledge for college students.
Carry out active and healthy activities, build a campus website that integrates service, ideology, knowledge and interest, constantly expand the space for campus cultural construction, plan and build venues for college students' literary, sports and scientific and technological activities, and improve campus cultural activities facilities.
1.2 spiritual and cultural construction
Campus spiritual and cultural construction is the highest level of campus culture. First of all, we should strengthen the construction of study style. Style of study refers to the attitude and methods of students in the process of learning, and it is the expression of study habits, living habits, hygiene habits and behavior habits formed by students in the long-term learning process. Strive to make students become people with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the interpersonal relationship in schools, which refers to the relationship between school leaders and teachers, leaders and faculty, teachers and students, and students and students. Schools should set up principal mailboxes and psychological consultation mailboxes to give students the opportunity to tell their troubles. To further enrich students' cultural life and expand students' quality, we can once again carry out student association activities, establish a hierarchical management system for schools and colleges, and carry out distinctive student association activities.
2. Strengthen material safety
The economic base determines the superstructure. Without the material base, mental health education can only be an armchair strategist. A survey was conducted in 23 full-time universities in Beijing. The results show that 75% of part-time workers are in the state of voluntary service or semi-voluntary service, 57% of institutions have no fixed funds, and 28% of institutions have no sources of funds, which generally leads to the problem of insufficient funds. Therefore, the mental health education in many colleges and universities can't function normally, and it exists in name only.
3. Strengthen the systematic management system
The investigation results of college students' mental health education mechanism show that 22.3% of the leaders answered that there is no assessment mechanism, and nearly 50% of colleges and universities did not answer this question, which shows that many colleges and universities have not established an assessment mechanism for mental health educators. However, many loopholes in practice are mostly due to the lack of institutional guarantee. At present, we should establish and improve the management system of mental health education, such as the training system of psychological counselors and the psychological consultation system, which have affected the scientific and standardized development of mental health education in colleges and universities to varying degrees.
4. Offering mental health education courses.
As for the educational model, the International Psychological Federation pointed out in the Encyclopedia of Psychology 1984 published in the United States that consulting psychology emphasizes the development model. Colleges and universities should offer mental health education courses for college students, fully guarantee the hours and credits of the course, and can't let the mental health education courses become a mere formality, and fully guarantee the software and hardware facilities of this course. Attention should be paid to mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative in teaching. Let students participate in it, analyze the common psychological problems between themselves and their classmates, and explore the correct solutions. In the course assessment, we should not only look at students' achievements, but also pay attention to what students have gained from the course, so that students can master certain mental health knowledge and self-adjustment skills to ensure the realization of the goal of college students' mental health education. Schools should open a green channel for college students' mental health and invite experts to give lectures on college students' mental health problems.