University is essentially a special academic institution about knowledge, and its basic mission is to manage knowledge, disseminate knowledge, use knowledge and create knowledge. Universities are managers of knowledge. Management knowledge is to collect human knowledge as widely as possible, formulate a knowledge classification system to sort out knowledge scientifically, keep knowledge properly, and provide it to learners as conveniently as possible. Universities are disseminators of knowledge. In the past, the spread of human knowledge was mainly vertical and handed down from generation to generation. With the rapid increase of the radius of human activities and the arrival of the era of globalization, the horizontal spread of knowledge has also developed rapidly. Universities are users of knowledge. Through the application of knowledge, universities transform science into technology and science and technology into social products, directly serving the society and directly promoting social progress.
Length of schooling: the specific provisions made by the state on learning tasks, years of study, admission conditions, etc. of schools at all levels according to the provisions of educational policies.
The educational system of ordinary kindergartens is two to four years; The primary school system is six years; The junior high school system is three years; The high school system is three years; The undergraduate education system is four years; The academic system of junior college is three years. Some regions and majors have slightly different regulations on academic system. For example, in some areas, the primary school system is five or seven years, the junior high school system is four years, the medical undergraduate program is five years, and the undergraduate program continues to study for eight years.
Judging from the development of higher education, long academic system has become a normal trend. The seven-year system that we used to be familiar with has now changed to 5+3 integration, from 7 years to 8 years. However, their final academic qualifications have not changed, and both bachelors and masters can get them.
In China, undergraduate education is mainly divided into full-time undergraduate education and part-time undergraduate education. Full-time undergraduate education (also known as general undergraduate education) usually adopts the methods of national unified examination, independent enrollment or taking classes, with a schooling period of 4-6 years. In addition, recent college graduates can receive undergraduate education through a two-year unified entrance examination. Part-time undergraduate courses are mainly divided into self-taught undergraduate courses, adult college entrance examination, distance education, amateur education, open education and other types, with variable learning years and diverse learning methods. Students can study in relevant educational institutions or study by themselves.
Universities and colleges. Recruit young people who have graduated from high school, and the length of study is generally 4 years, and some majors and a few key schools are 5 years; Some colleges and universities have short-term training courses and specialized courses.
There are five-year and three-year specialties, usually three years. The enrollment targets of three-year colleges and five-year colleges are different. Three-year junior college enrolls high school students, which is the second college entrance examination. Five-year junior college enrolls junior high school students, which is what we call 1 shunt entrance examination. Just as the college entrance examination didn't go to college, the junior high school entrance examination didn't go to high school. He can choose to go to a five-year junior college and get the same junior college diploma.
People's Republic of China (PRC) * * and Sinology System are all kinds of school education systems in People's Republic of China (PRC). Reflect the internal structure of all kinds of schools at all levels in China and their mutual relations, and stipulate the nature, tasks, admission conditions, school years and their relations and transformation. The current educational system in China is divided into three levels: primary school, middle school and high school.
Adult higher education system
Radio and TV University enrolls students with a high school diploma, and the length of study is 4-5 years. The average length of schooling for workers and peasants in universities is 3-4 years. Correspondence night colleges or independent correspondence colleges organized by colleges and universities implement the academic year system, with a study period of 5-6 years, and the credit system is not limited.
Postgraduate academic system
Postgraduates studying for master's or doctoral degrees are recruited by institutions of higher learning and relevant scientific research units, and the study period is 2 ~ 3 years; Some colleges and universities have graduate schools (departments). Those who obtain a bachelor's degree certificate must first obtain a bachelor's degree certificate, while those who obtain a master's degree or a doctorate certificate may not be able to obtain a master's degree or a doctorate certificate.
Higher education self-study examination system
Those who pass the subject examination will be issued with a certificate of single subject achievement. If the accumulated points meet the requirements of professional graduation, a graduation certificate will be issued.
The difference between academic qualifications and degrees
A degree is different from academic qualification. Those who have obtained a degree certificate but have not obtained a diploma are still the original academic qualifications. Those who have obtained the undergraduate diploma may not be able to obtain the corresponding degree certificate. Academic qualifications represent learning experience, and degrees represent learning level and level. The diploma only proves the time and process of a person's study, but the degree certificate is the recognition that this person has learned to a certain level.