/kloc-in the summer of 0/925, Zhang Xiao graduated from primary school and was introduced by Chinese teacher Hou to study in Wuxi Middle School, Jiangsu Province. Shortly after the start of school, the Jiangsu-Zhejiang War broke out, threatening Wuxi people and Zhang to return to their hometown. At the beginning of the second year, they were admitted to Wuhu Minsheng Middle School and transferred to the third grade.
Minsheng Middle School is an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal fighting fortress in Wuhu, and its principal Gong Qiaoyan (later renamed Wang Shaochun) was party member in the early days of China. Party member Li Kenong and Qian Xingcun (Yingying) are both teachers in this school. In July, when the Northern Expedition began, Zhang devoted himself to the revolutionary struggle with great enthusiasm. Under the leadership of Li Kenong, he went to the streets of Jiangcheng to publicize the revolution, and joined the Wuhu Student Union, a peripheral organization in China, where he was responsible for writing leaflets and slogans.
1March 6, 927, the northern expeditionary army entered Wuhu and Nanjing in the east. The dawn of the victory of the great revolution is in sight, but the undercurrent of counter-revolution is also surging. On March 23, Chiang Kai-shek connived at the Kuomintang Rightists to organize thugs to smash and rob revolutionary parties and organizations such as the Anhui Provincial Party Committee, the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions and the Preparatory Committee of the Provincial Farmers' Association. On April 6, 200,000 people gathered in Wuhu, strongly demanding that the governor Chen, who blackmailed the people by violence, step down. Zhang, 19 years old, showed bravery in the revolutionary struggle in full swing and experienced the initial exercise. After the counter-revolutionary coup in April 12, the Rightists of Anhui Kuomintang brutally pursued party member and the Revolutionary Volunteers in the name of "eliminating the Party". Gong Qiaoyan, Li Kenong and Yingying were wanted, and white terror ran rampant, and the China * * organization turned into a secret activity. Zhang Yuan, who was full of blood, planned to go to the Wuhan government, which was still fighting Chiang Kai-shek at that time. But when he heard that the situation in Wuhan was unstable, he returned to Wuwei and worked as a teacher in Xinbanqiao Primary School. Soon, Wuwei set up a special branch in China. Under the guidance of the Party branch, Zhang read Marxism-Leninism books such as Manifesto of Producers' Party and established his belief in Marxism-Leninism.
1in August, 928, Zhang joined the producer party of China * * * on the recommendation of Deng.
After the failure of the Great Revolution, the workers' and peasants' movement went to the bottom under the white terror. At this critical moment, Zhang joined the China * * * production party and served as the secretary of the district party committee, and soon joined the county party committee, still serving as a primary school teacher, taking this as a cover to engage in the revolutionary activities of the * * * production party. From 65438 to 0929, he participated in and led the struggle against hoarding and smuggling out of the country by grain profiteers, and distributed more than ten thousand Jin of grain 10 to the hungry. Under the leadership of the county party committee, he devoted himself to developing party member, organizing farmers' associations and expanding the influence of the Party. The county's party member has rapidly developed to 50 or 60 people, and established organizations of * * * production parties at all levels. * * * The peripheral organizations of the production party, namely the student union, the gang and the Young Pioneers, have been established one after another, and the peasant associations have flourished, with 20,000 to 30,000 members in Dongxiang, Wuwei, where Zhang is located. The county party committee set up a four-page newspaper, Red Flag, edited by Zhang Ren, and published 1 issue in March, July and August, which published many contents welcomed by the working people. Among them, the songs of peasants' liberation, the songs of overthrowing local tyrants and evil gentry and the songs of women's liberation are widely circulated among the people. The Kuomintang authorities were on tenterhooks all day and lamented: "Wuwei County is the number one county of the * * * production party!"
In the struggle with grain profiteers to smuggle grain out of the country for huge profits, Zhang hired several blacksmiths to make shuttle labels day and night and patrol day and night. The gentry threatened to ask Zhang Xiguang, "Your son is very restless! I have made many weapons and want to rebel! " In the struggle, the Agricultural Association sacrificed 1 person. The thugs of the landlords and profiteers also died 1 person, and the landlords and profiteers carried the bodies of the thugs to complain. The Kuomintang authorities failed to catch Zhang, so they arrested Zhang Fu and tortured him for two months. Zhang's father was blackmailed for 2000 yuan "compensation" before being released.
1930 In April and May, Wuhu Central County Committee (changed to Southern Anhui Special Committee in September of the same year) repeatedly instructed Wuwei County Committee to organize armed riots. At this time, "Left" adventurism occupied a dominant position in the CPC Central Committee, and riots were deployed nationwide. In September, the Special Committee sent personnel to hold a meeting in Baiju, Wuwei, to determine the appropriate time to hold a riot against Liuzhou, and then to capture tanggou and Sanguantang, to attack the county town after mastering a hundred cannons, and then to enter Dabie Mountain to join forces with the Red Army. During the discussion, Zhang thought that the conditions for the uprising were not yet mature and was criticized as "Right Deviation". Later, he obeyed the organizational decision.
On the afternoon of February 2, 65438+KLOC-0, more than 200 mobs gathered at Xinhua Temple in Baimaozhou. The nickname given by the Southern Anhui Special Committee is "The Third Guerrilla Column of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army in Southern Anhui", with Deng Weizheng and Deputy Commanders, and Zhang and Ren Changju in charge of political work. In the evening 1 1 set out, arrived in Liuzhou town and launched a storm.
After the failure of Liuzhou riots, Zhang and others were wanted by the Kuomintang authorities, their property was confiscated and their houses were razed to the ground. The situation is getting more and more serious. Xia Zixu, secretary of the county party committee, was arrested and killed. Zhang was arrested by the enemy several times, but he ran away alert. On one occasion, he and Song Peisheng, a member of the county party committee, swam in the water to highlight the encirclement of the enemy. People all said that Zhang Hui was a "drowning man". With the deterioration of the external situation, the internal hidden dangers are increasing day by day. 193 1 July, the guerrillas moved to Zhenwutang. In August, Liu Datong, the brigade staff officer, flagrantly rebelled and killed Zhang (Zhang's cousin) and Ni Hetai, secretary of the Chao County Party Committee. Zhang Fan Kai moved to Xixiang to persist in the struggle and served as the county party secretary of Wuwei, but there were only five guns left. He held a meeting of activists to join the Party, gathered 60 or 70 party member, and suppressed the bully Ding Defu. However, under the suppression of the Kuomintang army, the situation still could not be opened. In February, 65438, Zhang was transferred to work in Wuhu Central County Committee, and he left:
It is difficult to leave home, and justice is not personal at present.
Send a message to parents to rest and hope, and the red flag is the return date.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/932, Zhang arrived in Wuhu, and the organs of the central and county committees were destroyed by the enemy and could not be contacted. When Song Peisheng's family moved to Sunjiabu, Xuancheng to fish for a living, Zhang took refuge in Songjiachuan, and asked Fang Houlu, a staff member of Xuancheng No.4 Normal University (once secretary of Wuwei Youth League Committee) to help find the party organization. Later, he was appointed as the governor of Xuancheng and Nanling counties. He worked hard, restored two party branches and developed party member. Soon, the provincial party Committee was destroyed by the enemy, and he lost all contact with the party organization. 1933 February, Zhang arrived in Shanghai. At that time, Zhang, who was in trouble, had no food and clothing. He was generously funded by Wu Jikao and Hu in the same village and occasionally worked odd jobs to make a living.
In March of that year, Liang, who led the 1930 Guangde riots, was released from prison in advance to help him get in touch with jiangsu provincial party committee.
In April, Zhang was appointed as the secretary of Wusong District Committee of Zhongwu District. Nearly 30 original party branches in this area were completely destroyed by the enemy. After Zhang came to power, he vigorously restored the party organization. In just half a year, he rebuilt more than 10 party branches such as Songhu Railway Branch, Battery Provincial Branch, Marine Police Branch, Beishi Forest Branch, Yong 'an Cotton Mill Branch, Tongji University Branch, Fisheries School Branch and Ruozaobang Branch, and persisted in secret struggle under white terror.
In June, 5438+00, Zhang was transferred to the Party Secretary of the West District of Shanghai. He rented a pavilion on Huanlong Road, and returned to Wusong in early June 1 1 to pick up his luggage from Wang Houfang, director of the organization department of the district committee. He was arrested for the betrayal of traitors Sun Yuqiao (former secretary of Wusong District Party Committee) and Long (former secretary of Tongji University Branch).
Zhang was arrested and put into Wusong Town Public Security Bureau. He fabricated a set of confessions to deceive the enemy: "Wang Wenqiao, a native of Cao Yun Town, Hanshan County, Anhui Province, opened a grocery store at home with the store number Wang Xiangxing. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), I went to Shanghai and opened a tiger stove (boiling water stove) in the North Lion Forest. After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in Songhu, he returned to his hometown in Anhui. He just arrived in Shanghai last night and hired a rickshaw from Wang Houfang's house. Fortunately, the two traitors didn't know Zhang, and Wusong Town Public Security Bureau couldn't find out why, so he was escorted to Shanghai Public Security Bureau for further interrogation.
The members of the Supervision Department of Shanghai Public Security Bureau are almost all traitors from China. Director Zhao He was the propaganda minister of jiangsu provincial party committee, China. After the mutiny, he was vicious and tried it himself. Facing Zhang's torture, calmly deal with it. Because the confession was very closely compiled, four trials were inconclusive.
165438+1At the end of October, Zhang was taken to Longhua Town in the southern suburbs of Shanghai and put into garrison headquarters Detention Center in Songhu. This is the bloody slaughterhouse where Kuomintang slaughtered party member and patriots, and it is known as "Yuhuatai in Shanghai". Twenty-three martyrs admired by Zhang, including Rou Shi, Hu Yepin, Feng Keng, Yin Fu, famous producer and He Mengxiong, died heroically here on February 7th. 193 1. After Zhang went to prison, he could hear gunshots and unyielding slogans almost every night. His first widely circulated "Longhua Poetry" was written on the cell wall of this period:
Longhua has a high wind throughout the ages, and a strong man is never poor.
The blood on the peach blossom wall outside the wall is usually bright red.
In prison, he and his comrades-in-arms closely United and encouraged each other, and waged an indomitable struggle with the Kuomintang military and police. After six trials, Zhang calmly lured the enemy's threats and resolutely refused to change his confession, leaving the enemy at a loss. The prison rated him as "stubborn and hopeless".
Torture and slaughter can't scare party member, and high walls and bars can't lock the feelings of people with lofty ideals. Zhang He 10 More than 0 prisoners organized the "Big Miss Poetry Club" in prison to create poems, make peace, inspire fighting spirit and strengthen moral integrity. At the same time, poetry is used as a weapon to express revolutionary feelings, expose the cruelty of the enemy and scold shameful traitors. Zhang's poems in prison, no matter coincidentally or unfortunately, are all written in bloody articles, and they are all magnificent ode to the broad mind and moral integrity of the makers of * * * that illuminate future generations. Jingbo Liu, who served as the commander in the riots on six continents, was also arrested and imprisoned shortly after being reunited with him in Shanghai. He talked about missing his old comrades who were still in doubt:
Floating alone in the north and south, the ups and downs of the lake and the sea are not divided into spring.
I said goodbye on the first floor like water. I'm glad to meet you in Jiang Shen in spring.
There are few bosom friends in the fog, and the turbid wine is full of * * * flavor.
The song will be full of wind and rain, and the iron fence will be broken.
For another example, the imprisonment of party member Xie Xin, a college student and a secret of * * *, brought the news that the Red Army successfully crushed the fourth encirclement and suppression campaign of the Kuomintang. He wrote a poem happily:
The frenzy pushes the tide of war, and the red sun buries clouds and snow.
When people go to spring, the return air is stronger, and they will watch the sudden rain sway the balcony!
Another example is that it is extremely contemptuous of the traitor Zhang. He once wrote a poem to scold the traitors Mei Naidong and Gu Yunlu (the word "Gu Yunlu Dog" is embedded in the poem) and wrote it on the wall:
Old plum in Lingnan, Hu is not resistant to winter.
Dry before the cold, shame bamboo pine!
Being a dog that doesn't care about sentiment will make people feel like floating clouds.
What is the way out? When a sly rabbit cooks, so does the dog!
* * * The unyielding personality of the producer also touched some unscrupulous gendarmes. Zhang wrote poems for the guards:
The wind is bleak, the corners are sad, and the shoulder guns stand on the moon.
Sir, wine, soldiers and people's blood, whoever is interested will solve it themselves!
Later, the prisoners performed and sang in their cells, and the military police on duty did not interfere. If a boss comes to inspect, they knock on the iron plate on the window of the prison gate, thinking it is a report.
Zhang compiled the poems in prison into a collection of grievances, and entrusted his friends who had been released from prison to Hu Shixing, a fellow student at Shanghai Jiaotong University, for preservation. After liberation, Hu risked his life to return his poems to Zhang, and lost them on 1959.
Tao Baichuan, director of the Military Justice Department of Longhua Detention Center, is a notorious spy chief. Under his threats and inducements, Wang Houfang could not stand the test and gave up Zhang's party member status.
1at the end of March, 934, Zhang was taken to caohejing prison and learned that he was sentenced to five years' imprisonment for "endangering the Republic of China". He was smashed to death wearing shackles no.662. The prison is directly under the jurisdiction of the judicial administration department of the Kuomintang government, and it is large in scale and can hold 2000 people. Prisons A and G are dedicated to holding political prisoners. Zhang Xian was imprisoned in Geng prison where famous producers such as Yun were held, and later in Jia prison with Fang Yi and Gui Peng. The prison has a printing factory, a straw bag factory, a toothbrush factory and a bamboo weaving factory to force prisoners to work. Zhang was assigned to a toothbrush factory to wear a toothbrush. Because of his education, he is also allowed to keep accounts, and his friends call him "Wang". When he first entered the prison, a ferocious guard took "Wang" as "Teacher Wang" and thought that Zhang was the commander of the Red Army, and tortured him.
In prison, political prisoners keep in touch with each other and persist in their struggle. They walked slowly, destroyed machines, and used hidden nails to drill through walls to communicate with neighboring rooms. In order to protest against inhuman abuse, nearly 200 political prisoners in prisons A and G held a hunger strike in August 1935, and put forward four demands: 1, release the shackles; 2. Paper and pens are allowed; 3, improve food, do not eat rice mixed with sand; As long as it doesn't rain, let out the wind every day. If you don't agree to the conditions, you will starve to death collectively. The news spread to the outside world, and public opinion exploded. The prison authorities are very angry. They lied that political prisoners wanted to "riot" and "escape from prison" and identified Zhang as the leader. They sent some tough guys to drag him out and tortured him by stepping on rough bars from 8 am to evening 1 1. Zhang made party member's iron will with * * *, gritted his teeth, never gave in and never gave in. The enemy became angry from embarrassment and put a chain on everyone. Political prisoners are still fearless and insist on hunger strike. After hearing the news, Mr. Shen Junru of China Civil Rights Protection League asked the warden face to face. On the fourth day of the hunger strike, the prison authorities were afraid of making a big deal, so they had to agree to the conditions.
The victory of the hunger strike greatly frightened the prison authorities in caohejing. According to Article 7 of the Emergency Crimes against the Republic of China promulgated by the National Government in 193 1, producers and other revolutionaries were "tried by the highest military organ in the region" and imprisoned in military prisons. On the pretext that caohejing Prison is an ordinary prison, 50 people including Zhang were sent to Suzhou Military Prison in 1936+ 10.
The Suzhou Military Supervisor knew that these 50 people had fought in prison, and he was particularly cruel to them from the beginning, and often beat them with clubs. Under the cruel torture of the enemy, at the end of 1936, Zhang got typhoid fever and had a high fever, leaving only a weak breath. The guards were about to take Zhang to the morgue when Wang Wenji, the medical officer of the prison, came over and covered his eyes with his hand. When he found that Zhang's eyes could blink, the guards opened the chain for him and gave him some medicine. The chief physician used to work in Xu Department and had a friendly relationship with Zhang. But Reng Zhang is dying. But he firmly believes in the folk proverb "Never die of typhoid fever from hunger" and will never die willingly. Traditionally, when a prisoner is dying, the prison authorities will invite nuns to pray in front of the bed. When nuns leave, they leave two tins of condensed milk. With tenacious willpower and thanks to these two tins of condensed milk, Zhang Cai broke away from death temporarily, but he was still extremely weak and couldn't eat anything.
At this time, my friend got typhoid fever and lived alone with Zhang. Zhang Guangtian, a native of party member, Shaanxi Province, had a deep friendship with Kuomintang elders Yu Youren and Yang Hucheng. But his father agrees with his son's emphasis on integrity and strict behavior. I devoted my enthusiasm to Zhang, and at the same time, I distributed the food, medicine and other materials that were continuously sent from my family to Zhang. Zhang finally survived.
During the eight months when Zhang was seriously ill, great changes took place outside the prison. The July 7th Incident and the August 13th Sino-Japanese War broke out one after another, and the state * * * successfully cooperated for the second time. China * * * strongly demanded the release of political prisoners. On August 18, Zhang was released from prison and returned to his hometown. In June+10, 5438, he resumed contact with the central organization, reported to the Eighth Route Army Office in Nanjing, and was transferred back to Wuwei for work.
Chaoxian is the hometown of patriotic general Feng Yuxiang. Feng sent his nephew Feng, alias Ma Renyan, to run a training course for anti-Japanese cadres in Chaoxian. 1February, 938, Zhang joined this class as a pro-democracy instructor, and at the same time carried out the work of China * * * production party. On April 30, Chao County fell. Zhang and Feng Wenhua called on the students to arm themselves against Japan, but only 65,438+00 people responded. After fighting in Xiaofuling and Xiage town, it has grown to more than 200 people. On this basis, the first anti-Japanese local armed force in central Anhui-Chao County Huangshan Guerrilla Brigade was established, with Feng Wenhua as the battalion chief and Zhang as the political commissar. They jointly commanded the battles of Dongshankou, Xishan Post, He Shouliu and Guishan. Although small in scale, they successfully curbed the Japanese harassment of Gao Zhe and Huangshan Mountain in Chaoxian County.
At the end of June, there was a rebellion within the guerrillas. Zhang and Feng Wenhua turned to the anti-Japanese advance team of the fourth detachment of the New Fourth Army in exile in Northeast China for help and wiped out the rebels. The rest of the guerrillas were organized as the second detachment of the advance team, with Feng as the division commander and Zhang as the instructor. In July, the marching team crossed the Chuhe River and marched on Quanjiao. The number of troops expanded to nearly 2,000, so it was renamed as the marching column, with two regiments under its jurisdiction, 1 directly under the team. Feng Ren 1 Head of the delegation, Zhang Ren is a political commissar. At the beginning of August, Zhao Fengzao, the Commissioner of the Fifth Administrative Region of the Anhui Provincial Government of the Kuomintang, assembled the armed forces of his county and Hanshan county to attack the advancing column. Liu Ziqing, head of the 2nd Regiment, defected and his troops were reduced to less than 700. After joining forces with the Eighth Regiment of the Fourth Detachment of the New Fourth Army in September, it was renamed the Northeast Anti-Japanese Advance Mission in Exile. It has two battalions, and Zhang is the instructor of the second battalion. 165438+ 10, the advance party was reorganized by the eighth regiment, and the rest formed the Chaoxian Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Brigade, with Zhang as the instructor and the captain as the leader, to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle in Chaoxian area. 1February, 939, the self-defense brigade was renamed the Anti-Japanese Jin Dong Brigade of the New Fourth Army and marched into Hexian and Hanshan. At the end of June, the Jincheng Temple incident happened.
Jincheng Temple is a small village near the Chuhe River in Hexian County, with a ferry. Li, the Commissioner of the Fifth District of the Kuomintang, bought a batch of grain in partnership with businessmen, and loaded a dozen ships here to be transported to enemy-occupied areas for sale and profiteering. The New Fourth Army opposed the "enemy" and sent Wu Huaduo to lead 1 to the ferry, and was not allowed to sail. As a result, it was deadlocked. At that time, the cooperation between countries in eastern Anhui had not broken down. Qi Shiqian, member of the East Anhui Working Committee and secretary of the county party committee, wrote a letter, in which he instructed that grain ships were not allowed to leave and armed conflicts were not allowed. We should strive for it through negotiation. In particular, armed conflicts should not be allowed to affect the United front. Zhang rushed to Jincheng Temple overnight and handed in a letter. Wu Huaduo said that it was very difficult: "What if the other party forcibly sails without using force?" Zhang said: "You must follow the instructions and avoid armed conflict as much as possible." After dawn, Li, our adjutant, came to the ferry and asked to send a representative to negotiate. Zhang followed him and just walked out of half a mile. Li's ambush 1 group swarmed, and the company was surrounded by three sides (the other side was the Chuhe River). The adjutant suddenly dropped his pistol. The company was confiscated because it received instructions not to participate in armed conflicts and negotiations. After the incident, the superior thought it was detrimental to the reputation of the New Fourth Army. Zhang was dismissed and transferred to the political department of the fifth detachment of the New Fourth Army as the general affairs section chief. At that time, many responsible comrades believed that Zhang had a certain responsibility for giving orders and there was no big mistake. Although this incident brought many troubles and even disasters to Zhang in the following decades, he always insisted on taking full responsibility.
Shortly after Zhang arrived at the fifth detachment, he was promoted to the position of secretary-general of the headquarters, responsible for secretarial work, United front work and external liaison. In August, the fifth detachment crossed the Jin-Pu Railway, advanced eastward and moved to Yangzhou, Yizheng, Tianchang, Gaoyou, Xuyi, Jiashan, Lai 'an and Liuhe. Zhang moved to the headquarters. In February, 65438, as a representative of the commander, he crossed the enemy-occupied area in disguise, advanced into the column headquarters through the Ye Fei Department, and went to Taizhou to do the United front work of Li Mingyang, commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang guerrilla war in Sulu and Anhui. Li Mingyang fought side by side with Luo Binghui in the Third Army of the National Revolutionary Army in the Northern Expedition, and this trip achieved the expected results.
1940 March 15, the first anti-Japanese democratic regime east of Jinpu Road in Huainan was established, with democrat Zheng Bochuan as the county magistrate and Zhang Ren * * * as the secretary of Lai 'an county party committee and county government, actually presiding over all the work. At the beginning of April, Liu Shaoqi led the Central Central Plains Bureau and the Jiangbei Command of the New Fourth Army to the Banta area of Lai 'an County. When someone reflected that Zhang suppressed counter-revolutionary activities too harshly, they said, "I agree with Comrade Zhang's approach, and use heavy codes in troubled times!"
10, Zhang was transferred to the Secretary-General, Director Deng Zihui and Deputy Director Fang Yi of the East Joint Defense Office of Jinpu Road. It has jurisdiction over county governments such as Lai 'an, Tianchang, Jiashan, Xuyi, Liuhe, Gaoyou and Yizheng, and four directly affiliated districts. Zhang is in charge of clerical, general affairs, secretarial and other departments, and is committed to raising food and funds, recruiting and inspecting goods, and receiving and resettling old comrades from Shanghai to Yan 'an and northern Jiangsu. In February 65438, Zhang married Shi Mai, a female soldier of the New Fourth Army. 194110 In October, Zhang also served as the secretary-general of Dongpu Council of Jinpu Road, and participated in the drafting and formulation of various laws and regulations in the base area. In May, he concurrently served as the Secretary-General of the East District Committee of Zhongjinpu Road, and participated in guiding the work of the * * * production party in 8 counties in eastern Shandong. Zhang won the trust of the organization and the respect of comrades with his firm revolutionary stand, abundant energy, profound knowledge and ability to handle complex affairs.
Zhang's masses in central Anhui have extensive contacts and influences with the upper class. Lv Huisheng, a progressive of inaction, called him "the only survivor" among the early inaction revolutionaries. 1in July, 942, the Central Anhui Senate decided to establish the Central Anhui Administrative Office, with Lv Huisheng as the director of the administrative office. Soon, Li Buxin, Sun Zhongde and Huang Xian, heads of the Seventh Division of the New Fourth Army and the Central Anhui Party Committee, went to the Second Division and the Eastern Anhui Party Committee for instructions, and asked Zhang to be the deputy director of the Central Anhui Administrative Office.
In 65438+February, the political commissar of the Seventh Division sent Yuan Dapeng to meet with 1 platoon, and Zhang led more than 60 military and political cadres in eastern Anhui to embark on a new journey. They crossed the Jin-Pu Railway, crossed the Chuhe River at night, and joined Ma's Seventh Division by the snowy Chuhe River. It will be 1943 in a few days.
The Seventh Division of the New Fourth Army was established in Dongxiang, Wuwei County on May 194 1, with athletes who bravely broke through in the Southern Anhui Incident as the backbone. The anti-Japanese base area in central Anhui controls the Yangtze River waterway and the southern end of Huainan Railway, with dense population and rich products, and its strategic position is very important. As a result, the Japanese aggressor troops gathered heavily for many times and frantically swept through its central area. Only 1943, the main force of the seventh division fought against the Japanese puppet troops 189 times, 1944, and the seventh division fought against the Japanese puppet troops with local armed forces for more than 760 times. The Kuomintang die-hards also helped to abuse, frequently attacking and launching anti-friction.
Zhang became the deputy director of the Central Administrative Office of Anhui Province and served as the party secretary of the * * * Production Party. The administrative office is composed of civil affairs, finance, culture, education, public security, justice and other departments, and exercises political functions. Zhang and Lv Huisheng worked hard under the leadership of the district committee. 1943, they guided the establishment of three administrative offices in Hudong, Jiangpu, Quanjiao and Linjiang, four administrative supervision offices in Han Dynasty (county), Wuwei (south), Tongling and Fanchang, and a ship management office. 1944 Three administrative offices, namely Tong (Ling) Qing (Yang) Nan (Ling), Nan (Ling) Fan (Chang) Wu (Hu) and Xuancheng, were established, and a river transport management office was set up. At the end of the year, the Hehan Commissioner's Office was established, which has jurisdiction over the county anti-Japanese democratic government and the two administrative offices of Jiangquan and Han Dynasty. A joint administrative office along the Yangtze River has been set up in the area along the Yangtze River, which has jurisdiction over the administrative offices of Peng (Ze), Dong (Liu) and De. Great achievements have been made in establishing the "three-thirds system" regime, developing economic support and developing cultural and educational undertakings, especially in the United front and financial and economic work. After the establishment of the Central Senate of Anhui Province, Jin Zhishi, a famous Democrat, was the speaker, and a large number of patriotic Democrats were United, and the anti-Japanese national United front was consolidated day by day. County councils such as Wuwei, Linjiang, Hudong and Hehan have also been established. The Financial and Economic Committee of the Civil Administration Office has made contributions to ensuring military and political supply.
1In April, 943, the administrative office set up the General Administration of Trade (known as "comprehensive business" to the outside world), and exchanged local products from the occupied areas such as Nanjing, Shanghai and Wuhu for materials such as machinery, steel, explosives, detonators, telecommunications equipment and medical supplies that were in short supply in the base areas. In June, the administrative office established Dajiang Bank, issued Dajiang currency, and controlled and occupied the financial market. The administrative office also organizes people to build dikes and dams, repair ponds and dams, and build water conservancy projects to benefit the people.
With the joint efforts of the party, government, army and people in central Anhui, the "Fuqi Division" became famous in Central China and supported the military departments such as the New Fourth Army and the Second Division.
1944 65438+in February, following the instruction of the headquarters of the new fourth army that the main development direction of the seventh division in the future is south of the Yangtze river, the leading organs of the southern Anhui prefectural party Committee and the southern Anhui detachment left their original station in baiju, Wuwei county and crossed the Yangtze river to Tongling. As the deputy director and party secretary of the Central Administrative Office of Anhui Province, Zhang went to southern Anhui to serve as the deputy secretary and organization minister of the Central Committee of Southern Anhui. Before leaving, the political commissar of the Seventh Division discussed with Zhang that it was inappropriate to call the base area across the north and south of the river "central Anhui" and it should be changed to "Wanjiang". The following spring, the Central Anhui Party Committee was renamed as the Party Committee of Wanjiang District, and the Central Anhui Administrative Office was also renamed as the Wanjiang Administrative Office.
1944 65438+February 3 1 Day and night, Zhang led a group of cadres and capable armed forces to cross the river by boat. After arriving at the south bank, he won the first battle and laid the enemy stronghold in Chishatan Town. He became more and more excited, and he sang in "Snow March":
Cross the copper-covered Wan Ren Mountain in the south and ride down the red beach.
But support heaven and earth with truth and swear to sweep away evil spirits.
Yunling swallowed the setting sun, and Maolin complained to turn the tide.
Speaking of the hardships of marching in the snow, the red flag in the snow looks better!
Japan, Puppet and Stubborn are very afraid of the New Fourth Army entering southern Anhui. 1February, 945, they jointly invaded the copper-rich area and were crushed by the New Fourth Army. After the Southern Anhui Incident, the Kuomintang used counter-revolutionary tactics and unexpectedly forced many people to join the Kuomintang or the Sanqing Youth League. The southern Anhui prefectural committee has jurisdiction over Tongling (Qingyang) Southern (Ling) County Committee, Fanchang County Committee (changed to Southern Working Committee in May) and Southern (Ling) Wu (Lake) Xuan (City) County Committee (later changed to Southern Wu Working Committee and Southern Wu County Committee). Southern Anhui Commissioner's Office, established in March 19, has jurisdiction over Fanchang County Government, Tongling County Government and Xuancheng and Nanling Wuhu Administrative Offices. By August, the party, government and military organs and the southern Anhui detachment had grown to more than 3,000 people.
On the eve of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the southern Anhui detachment cleared the strongholds of the Japanese and puppet troops around Wuhu, making Dangtu, Xuancheng and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Liberated Areas one. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the central government decided to cede eight liberated areas, including Wanjiang, in order to strive for domestic peace and stop the civil war. On September 6th, at 5438+05, Zhang retreated northward with the 7th Division. More than 65,438,000 cadres and Democrats who retreated from the north formed a cadre brigade, with Jiang Jingyu as the team leader and Zhang as the political commissar. They boarded a boat to cross Chaohu Lake in Sanbing Town. On the boat, give a poem:
Sail in the shadows, the lake is cold, and the three armies cry and leave the nest.
Send a voice to the elders and take good care of them. * * * Turn sadness into a volcano.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/0, Zhang He's cadre brigade arrived in Huaiyin, a major town in northern Jiangsu.
194510129, the Jiangsu-Anhui border region government was established in Huaiyin, with Li Yimang as chairman, Wei Wei and Fang Yi as vice-chairmen and Zhang as secretary-general. The government of the border region has civil affairs department, finance department, construction department, education department, public security bureau, commodity inspection bureau, transportation bureau, water conservancy bureau, health bureau, bank, salt administration bureau, Xinhua branch bureau and communication office. Many famous intellectuals gathered in Huaiyin City, among which Fan Changjiang and Sun fought alone in the border region government. There are more passing cadres going north or south. Besides dealing with daily work, Zhang is also busy with reception.
1June 946+101October After the signing of the armistice agreement, Zhang made great efforts to assist the Huaiyin Group of the Military Mediation Executive Department composed of China, * * * and the United States. On July 4th, when China * * * representatives and Dong met with Kuomintang representatives, they resolutely rejected Chen Cheng's unreasonable demand that "all military and political organs and troops in China * * * should be evacuated from northern Jiangsu", and the negotiations broke down. 12, Kuomintang troops invaded the Jiangsu-Anhui border region in three ways with 15000 troops. On September 15, four divisions of the Li Yannian Department of the Kuomintang Army swooped down on Huaiyin City under the cover of aircraft. Zhang participated in the organization of Huaiyin Defence War. 19, voluntarily withdrew from Huaiyin and went to Shandong.
After entering Shandong, the border administration acted alone. 1947 arrived in Yantai in March and crossed the Bohai Sea to Dalian in September. 1March, 948, returned to Shandong.
On April 27th, the East China People's Liberation Army captured wei county, killing 25,000 people. Zhang, who has been appointed as the mayor of Weifang Special City, was ordered to be transferred to the Eastern Corps (led by Tan Zhenlin and Xu) as the secretary-general of the former enemy committee, and at the same time sent to the receiving cities with a large number of cadres at any time. The war situation in Shandong has developed rapidly. By the end of 10, Jinan, the provincial capital, and most parts of the province were liberated. During this period, Zhang drafted a large number of documents and notices, wrote letters to surrender Wu, and handled the affairs assigned by Tan Zhenlin and other responsible comrades. 165438+1The Huaihai Campaign started on October 6th. After Nianzhuang Campaign on 22nd, he went to the battlefield with Tan Zhenlin to deal with the aftermath. On February 2, 65438, Xuzhou was liberated. He was stationed in Xuzhou with the troops and soon moved to Jiawang. 1949
65438+1October 10, after the victory of Huaihai Campaign, Zhang was transferred to local work with the approval of East China Bureau.
1Feb. 949, Zhang arrived in Bengbu. Later, he formed the Anhui Provincial Committee, and he was a member of 14. On April 3, East China Bureau decided not to set up Anhui Provincial Party Committee and Anhui Provincial Government for the time being, but to set up administrative regions in southern Anhui and northern Anhui with the Yangtze River as the boundary. On April 6th, the Northern Anhui Party Committee was established, with the secretary, Huang Yan and Li Shinong as the first and second deputy secretaries respectively, and Zhang as one of the five members of the Party Committee and the propaganda minister. He took great pains to receive a large number of cadres from Shanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. After the victory of crossing the river in May, Zhang was appointed as the secretary of Hefei Municipal Party Committee.
After the birth of New China, East China Bureau instructed Huainan Coal Mine to do well. 165438+ 10, Zhang was transferred to the party secretary of Huainan mining area. 1985 retired.
According to the relevant regulations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and according to Zhang's will of "No Funeral", no farewell ceremony or memorial service was held. However, hundreds of people spontaneously went to Hefei funeral home to see him off.