In his later years, HSBC accepted Zhao Zunyue and An as apprentices, and also helped Liu collate a variety of music scores. Hui Feng said to himself in his letter to Liu: "The six officials I gave said,' This book sells articles for a living and turns the room upside down. Fei Jing is in deep creep, and the soil files are cold and sparse. "is the current base." And: "I have been urging the lease for several days, and I am still chanting' the storm in the city is approaching the Double Ninth Festival'. Based on the classics of Du Fu and Pan Dalin, he laughed at himself for being poor. In the 6th year of the Republic of China (19 17), Wang Guowei wrote a letter to Luo Zhenyu, saying that he was quite indifferent to the population of Shanghai, and he was ambitious, and his literary talent was far above Miao. The Diary of the Eleventh Year of the Republic of China (1922) also mentioned that Kuang Kuisheng asked him to help bury his mother, and he asked Zhu Zumou to hand it over. After Huifeng's death, Chen wrote "Mr. Kuisheng": "Selling essays means living in loneliness, clinging to the disabled and seeking truth. If Tao Gong sings about the poor, fame will have an impact. "
After years of hard work, the hardest pastime is this kind of life.
In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), Feng Kai, her in-laws, showed off her old works. Hui Feng could not help crying when she read the sentence "A talented person is not as good as a flower in troubled times". In the same year, he selected 65,438+023 poems about his life, including 29 poems in the first volume (before the Republic of China) and 94 poems in the second volume (after the Republic of China), among which 6 poems were less in number, and were included in the "Words of Saving Regret", which was published by disciple Zhao Zunyue. Although there are many mistakes and omissions in Zhao Zunyue's History of Huifeng Ci, it was later regarded as the most important interpretation of Huifeng Ci. Huifeng Ci is not only a re-examination of Kuang Zhouyi's life creation, but also a final review of his life. And I think that "the most difficult pastime is this life" ("Cut down the words Huanxisha, the green leaves become cloudy, and remember the Nagato willow bitterly") is more appropriate as a footnote to this collection. Because of the bondage of classicism, in the world of poetry, soliloquy is ruthless and often the most affectionate. If the sky is sentimental, it will be old. This is the difference between people and plants. Jiang Baishi's "Long Pavilion Slow Complaints": "If the tree is affectionate, it is not green." Qian Zhongshu's "Pipe Taper" quoted Bao Zhao's "Mourning for the Past": "Only peaches and plums are scattered, and they live without dying; Watching turtles and cranes worship for thousands of years can be rich and affectionate. " There is another cloud: "It is not enough to be sad to die early, and it is not enough to admire your ears before you die."
"Flowers on the Road": "What are the benefits of floating life? Kill it as much as you can. " This kind of sadness is not uncommon in Huifeng Ci, which says, "I don't believe in floating objects, but they are all like the moon and more unreal than clouds." "Introduction to Huifeng Essays" says: "Returning air is sad and shakes Huixi, and my heart is depressed and my body hurts." It's even worse because I'm not in the south. Our present situation is just like what the Holy Spirit said:' If you don't do what you have to do, why are you still alive?' "Can't help but remind people of what Xiang Hongzuo said in" Yi Yun Preface ":"If you don't do useless things, why can you have a limited life? " , suggesting the mentality of aging. But in his later years, he learned more about the world and his inner choice was clear. Those seemingly useless things are more calm and firm in the long years.
Huifeng has experienced the death of too many relatives in her life. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), Huifeng left his hometown, and then his original wife Zhao died. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), Tong Juan passed away; In the 18th year of Guangxu (1892), his son Lamb died. In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), the second son Hongxing Erke died; In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), he suffered the loss of his daughter. In the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), Bu Yu died. Only oneself, Xijiangyue: "Where is the sadness? I only hate this life. " In the twilight of life, close friends break up. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), Zhang Xiangling died; In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), Miao Sunquan died; In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Liang Dingfen and Yi Shunding died successively; In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), Shen died. In her later years, the most important teachers and friends in Huifeng's life were almost Zhu Zumou and Feng Kai. At this time, only recalling the past, so there are many works of cherishing others in Huifeng Ci. In the first volume of Ci, I recalled the past year's tour and the night talk of thinking in seclusion, and missed the time spent with Wang Bantang and others, but unfortunately enjoyed it in a hurry. In the second volume of Ci, although there are eight poems about Linjiang immortals sung with Cheng and many poems praising Mei Lanfang's performance, there are many sentimental feelings, such as the half-term Ci with the title of Eight Returns, which has been dead for twelve years. The "Pavilion Around the Buddha" was half a pond, when Wang had passed away for nearly fifteen years. The preface of "Ying Ti" is Wang Dingfu's "Anben Ban Tu", at which time Wang Zheng has passed away for forty years.
He is infatuated with love and misses it everywhere.
Judging from the existing ci works, the most important women in Hui Feng's life are Tong Juan and Bu Yu. Feng Kai's epitaph: "With Zhao, followed by Hebu." Among them, "Zhao" means that Huifeng originally belonged to Zhao, returned to Huifeng in the fifth year of Guangxu (1879) and died before the tenth year of Guangxu (1884). The exact time is unknown. I don't know who the "successor" is, but because Huifeng is not as good as a woman surnamed Zhou in her works, some scholars suspect that Tong Juan or her surname is Zhou, but there is no exact proof. According to the history of Huifeng's Ci, "Mr. Wang gradually traveled to Guangzhou and returned to Lingui, then from Hangzhou to Suzhou, and returned to the capital in Sunatong Volume. Tong Juan is beautiful but not handsome. " Yu Mei is a volume, usually sung by Tong Juan. Its agency, Yumeici, also started from then on. So there are many beautiful words in the volume. From Hangzhou to Suzhou, Fu Shou Lou Chun and High Balcony. Its idea of "Plum Blossom" is not separated by three bridges. Complaining about the night Prosperity is everywhere, depression is everywhere' ("High Balcony"), and Mr. Wang likes to recite it best. This covers the beginning of general knowledge, and colorful words and autumn sounds come out. It is unreasonable to say that you are so happy that you don't know. This mantra comes from the heart, and the pen is enough to win. "
Tong Juan died in the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), and Yu Meici wrote it in the 17th year of Guangxu (189 1). So The History of Ci was written when I first met her, which was a mistake. There is a saying in the history of ci that "I returned to Beijing from Tongjuan", but it is impossible to test when Huifeng arrived in Tongjuan. There are many versions in the history of Ci. And "the green hills are wet": "I also lament the life experience of cicadas, grateful for ten years, and pay oblique light. The situation is like a disease, mixed with sorrow and joy, and it is close at hand. " It seems that I have been in love with Tong Juan for ten years, and there is no other evidence for the time being. Wet Castle Peak is a song directed and performed by Nalan to mourn his dead wife. Hui Feng chose this song to express his deep attachment to Tong Juan with the feeling that Emperor Wu missed Li Furen. "I miss my blue shirt and feel sorry for the fragrant mud of Yushu" ("Green Mountain is full of wet"), but I can only feel that "twelve pillars are full of desires, and Haitang is as muddy as an old friend." Haitang knows that I am heartbroken "("Reduced word Huanxisha "). It is said that a woman's mind is unhappy, and grass grows in the place of tears, which is heartbroken flower, also called begonia. Unfortunately, there is no possibility of meeting again, only "when is the happy period and when will he meet again" (Bodhisattva Man).
"Hui Feng Hua Ci" Volume 5 "Shu Dialect into Ci" notes: "Tong Juan was born in Zhejiang and grew up in Shu. This is another story, and I can't bear to forget it. Yan Gengyin (1890) traveled to Yangcheng, copying Fang's "Bilinglang Atlas". The distance between Tongjuan and Yunhua is only one circle of the moon. There is a saying in "Partridge Sky":' Fortunately, Xiao Lang is still studying in the rainy year of the burial palace.' Half-soup old man clapped his hands most, saying that there is no love more than this, and occasionally thought of it. "Cherish test adhere to the wind word set didn't see this sentence. This is the only clear record about Tong Juan in Huifeng's existing notes, but she can only know Tong Juan's native place and the time of her death. In addition to a few words written by Tong Juan identified in the History of Ci, Qian Jin Ci also includes Zhou Shi Man (in autumn night, I found Ji Tong Juan's couplet manuscript and calligraphy grid): "A few minutes of light, long memory of a young woman, clear thinking and hair." Endless crayons, fragrant pins, old problems, flowers and plants. (self-note: there is a couplet with "blue hands and liumei") silver hook iron painting, imagine that weak wrists can work, and the rhyme of jade platform is said today. (Note: In Yutai's new poem preface, the word "the sky is bright and cheerful, thinking of carving China" is used), so paper is forbidden in autumn, and the clouds are hazy for a while. Ah Hou is petite, Zhu Yu is smart, and she is also a hybrid and destroyer. Write notes without ink, and pay in dreams. QingLuan asked, Mo Ye thin Zhu Yan. The west wind looks back at the dust, unaware of its birth, but it is Kun's failure. "This poem, it can be roughly inferred that TongJuan is both literary and artistic, and it should also be a generous blue face.
Although there are mistakes and omissions in the records of Tong Juan in the History of Ci, Tong Juan is rarely mentioned in other works of Hui Feng. However, when I chose Huifeng Ci in my later years, I still chose this song "Wet Mountain", which has been more than 30 years since the creation of Yu Mei Ci and Tong Juan's death. So obsessed, Baishi said that "juvenile affairs are always sad", which is generally the case.
After Tong Juan's death, in the eighteenth year of Guangxu (1892), Huifeng took an entertainment in Nabu, which was called "Bu Shu Ren" in the epitaph. There is only one word about divination in Huifeng Ci, Jin. Divination is still around when the anthology is selected, which may be agreed by * * *, but it is unknown. In fact, Bu Entertainment is the person who has been with Huifeng for the longest time. According to the epitaph, Bu Yu has two children: Wei Qi and Wei Jing; Give birth to two daughters. The eldest daughter is suitable for Chen Julai and the second daughter is suitable for Feng Zhenyong. During the thirty-two years, Bu Yu and Hui Feng forged a deep affection, which was not only reflected in many poems written by Hui Feng, but also reflected in Bu Yu's Editing Notes. Although scholars have discussed a lot about whether Kuang Zhouyi was written by him alone or by himself, he privately thinks that it was written by him.
Kuang Zhouyi's Preface to Miscellaneous Notes said: "Compiling Miscellaneous Notes is half-hearted. I have a little experience from time to time. If Hui Rong Feng or Falk does it, it has something to do with spirit, and I will learn how to learn from the tongue in my palm. Back in the past, in spring, Qing began to return. The amount of silk wool is covered, so it's hard to say if it can't be woven. Over the years, I have been able to master the elegant training of friendship, reading novels and famous sentences in Tang and Song Dynasties. Over the past ten years, I have been able to write dozens and hundreds of words, and "Asking for Books" has been written. In other words, I am clean and Ran Ran is old. With more than 20 years of experience in China's trade, I feel that I have only a little knowledge of it and am indifferent to it. Surrounded by sheltered rooms, the picture shows four walls in which dreams rub. A hundred years is still not enough, and it will still stop the old cloud. Huifeng tasted the play and said,' We are sincere flounder, but we are not sole, but midges. When necessary, I will fall asleep and laugh. It's time to forget all the dust. Although it's cold and hungry, it also means tasting. "In this brief preface, from the beginning of Bu Entertainment's" silk wool is covered, but it can't be woven, how can it be described ",to gradually" I can understand the friendship of elegant training and read various novels and famous sentences in Tang and Song Dynasties ",and finally" I have a little knowledge when I have been in my twenties. Of course, you are smart and eager to learn, and you can't do without the careful guidance of Huifeng. In this preface, Hui Feng described in detail the past 30 years. In poverty and poverty, they forgot the world and stayed together silently. Every time I read "Even if I am clean and old in Ran Ran" and "One hundred years is not enough", I can't help sighing, thinking that when I first came to Bu for entertainment, my demeanor was good, and the wind was too bad; Now the entertainment circle is getting older and the wind is getting older. Words are tender and overflowing, and feelings are endless. I still think I can live up to the love of my life.
Bu Yu's Book of Weaving Feathers always mentions Hui Feng, for example, "Hui Feng wants to win the book." When you read a group of books and see a colorful new friendship, you must ask entertainment to explain it, so that it can be written into the book and increase the length. Zhao Yutang's Ci also chants "Chiba Begonia" in a pavilion:' Purple is too tired to be supported by red jiao, but it is a good season. Half afraid of cold and half sunny. Thoroughly promote rouge' Song Shao Kangjie said: "Good flowers are half-blooming." This is more eye-catching when it is not open. Is it true that Jia Xuan's ci "cherishes spring and fears early flowers"? There is a sentence in the clause of "Huifeng":' Jade girl regrets and urges flowers, but flowers can't bloom late. A talented person's pen often has the same purpose. And the lyrics are getting more and more complicated. Therefore, it is even worse to gamble on books and pour tea. It is such a small matter, but it has the beauty of a cool breeze and a bright moon. In this woman's notes, we can always see that she is intelligent and indifferent, never complains about the poor situation, is indifferent to herself, and has no literati's acid rot. I think women's world is not as broad as men's, but it is often more delicate and heavy, without talent and immortality.
In the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), he died in December. HSBC died two years later. Widowed in his later years, the depth of his feelings can be imagined. He wrote a letter to Cheng and Cheng as a comfort, and wrote "French songs are idle, and the sound mourns the grass window rhyme". There is a saying in Xia Jingguan's "Endure Gu Lou's Ci": "Kwai Sheng used to live next door to Ju, and learned that his concubine was beautiful and virtuous, but Kwai Sheng died a few years later."
I once got Mei Zhi, and I took pains to say Mei Zhi.
Apart from the lyrics about relatives, teachers and friends in Hui Feng's ci, the most remarkable is the lyrics he wrote to Mei Lanfang. There are only ten (five) poems in Huifeng Ci, such as Ode to a Saiweng, Eight Tones in Ganzhou, Xizi Makeup and Listening to Songs. Wang Guowei's "Addendum to the Words of the World" said: "Man Lu Hua is the most popular work of Huifeng listening to songs." For this word, the History of Huifeng Ci has been interpreted in great detail, so I don't need to say anything more. Hui Feng wrote to Mei Lanfang with many small prefaces. For example, the preface to "The Preface of Birds Singing" says: "Mei Lang came to Hangzhou from Shanghai and made an appointment again. Is it true?/You don't say. The universe is long, who can miss me Milan, ten thousand people are like the sea, who knows who can miss me Milan. Wang's so-called seizure of arms was entrusted by the letter. "The Book of Music says: It is not enough to say, pretending to be a long article. It's just that dream butterflies are magical, and most of them are whispering in the air. I don't want to have nothing to ask. It will be named Yunlang Shoufu. How dare I? "Here, I apologize. The words he wrote to Mei Lanfang were not as good as those Chen Weisong wrote to Xu Ziyun. Chen Weisong once wrote "He Xinlang": "Only I am as muddy as iron, and it is rare to have a bright screen window when holding peaches. Don't be sorry for me. " The gift for newly married Xu Ziyun is sad and low twists and turns. "Ode to a Sai Weng" also says in an orderly way: "Qiangcun (note: Zhu Zumou) listened to this song many times and was born with it. Although rare, such as "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon" is not enough to move his heart, and laziness is hopeless? Suppressing prosperity is not strong. " These words openly express their love and appreciation for Mei Lanfang, such as "From Lan's perspective, Chang 'e's past, unwilling to be passionate about others" in "Ode to Saiweng" and "Born in three seasons, willing to be fragrant, complaining about songs in vain, who cherishes eyebrows" in "Klang Ganzhou". Dai Yu Buries Flowers and the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon are the representative works of Mei Lanfang at that time, so Chang 'e is often used as a metaphor in her ci, and the story of A Dream of Red Mansions is also used from time to time, such as "reducing the word Huanxisha": "After the blue sea and blue sky fly, the beautiful scenery should be buried. After all, it is the prescription that is wrong. " "Preface to Birds Singing": "People have been robbed for several times, and they have not changed flowers. I am afraid that flowers will be buried without fragrance."
In the poem of Taoist scholar Yongmei, the wind is like a cloud: "If you whisper, I will play the flute, and if the words are charming, even if you don't let the old fairy of Baishi stay overnight and hang down the rainbow." Baishi's "Crossing the Rainbow" says: "The rhyme of self-made new words is the most charming. Xiaohong sings and I play the flute. At the end of the Song Dynasty, I passed Songling Road and looked back at the 14 th Bridge of Yanbo. " See Lu You's Yanbei Magazine for details. Huifeng is a metaphor for oneself and has to be reverie. Chen Julai recalled An Zhi's characters: "Mei Lanfang came to Shanghai to perform several times before Jiazi. ..... Uncle Yong also thought about holding plum blossoms, seeking public cooperation because of his shallow resources. Mr. Kuang (he is a good man) readily agreed. At that time, I treasured the plum articles written by the cabinet owner (according to Zhao Shuyong) and read the supplement of Shenbao every day. At that time, I filled in a long tune, which was crazy and praised, with a total of nearly 100 songs. Uncle Yong is also a special issue (the title of the episode is forgotten, and the Mandarin is concentrated, as if there is only one song left). In this case, Zhao and Zhao are equally famous (sorry to refer to the two giants in the south of Mei Party). "
"Preface to Taoist Words" says: In the spring back to Shanghai, Yong Shuzi offered qingping music, and the rest followed the sound and got twenty-one solutions, that is, taking "Elegant Collection of Southern Hunan" as the topic to get a glimpse of China. "Thousands of dollars may buy laughter. These twenty-one "Qing Ping Le" all mentioned the white jade chain that Mei Lanfang was willing to wear, praising its morning glory and precious pigeons, and even one of them had a note saying: "It's close to showing off the title of the song, and the word" Meng Jing "in the song is also", from which the original "scholar" came.
The Map of Southern Hunan was given by He and Wu Changshuo when Mei Lanfang was performing in Shanghai. Celebrities at that time, such as Zheng and others, had many poems. With Huifeng's position in the ci circle at that time, it was really rare for Mei Lanfang to write lyrics and songs like this. Wang Guowei was invited to write an inscription for him, and his admiration was beyond words. According to "Dining Cherry Blossoms": "Mr. He Shixun's painting is not light, or he seeks it with heavy value, but he still can't get it when he is old. Late Spring, Southland, and Elegant Collection of Southern Hunan are the only ones that have become more and more successful. After paying the decoration fee, there was more paper at the back of the picture, and the picture of "Yunshan Si Yuan" was made again, which meant farewell. And titled "Qingping Music", Mr. Wang is as admired as Mr. Shen Yi Sakamoto, living a simple life, sitting in the concert hall for several days, sitting in the middle of the night, and enjoying it. Mr. Chen also came to Shanghai from Jinling and didn't often listen to singers. " There are many records in Zheng Jiunian Diary. Even when others mentioned Mei Lanfang's plays, Hui Feng expressed his willingness to write lyrics for them. His Dining Cherry Blossoms: "Northerners talk about China's" Too True Legend ",which is full of wonderful thoughts. Fengcheng men and women, singing at the same speed. Recently, Mrs. Hua Rui's system, Maha simple and shallow, jade bone ice muscle, a generation of love affairs, slightly charming. I am eager for him to go to the set early and hand in a new voice, but there are actually many composers who can compose music. However, if you choose it wisely enough, you will be willing to serve in advance. " Huifeng wrote many words for Mei Lanfang all his life. In "Huanxisha Self-taught Mei Qing Class", he said: "I memorized fifty words in class and didn't learn Mei Zhi. I didn't leave you alone. I said it was Meichi. Ignorance of knowledge is unique. Thousands of tears bloom and flowers look back at me. " A lot of self-deprecating tone. Cheng's Dictionary of Tikuisheng Class in Huanxisha: "I am so crazy that no one can see the truth, and no one can really see the flower man. Be ashamed to see new words. It is better to know that you have to pay for it than to be thin. The total cause of Yuntai Moon and Earth. " Can be a confidant.
However, in Mei Lanfang's forty years of stage life, there was only one mention of Kuang Zhouyi, which was also a collective memory: "At that time, the custom of paying homage was not popular. ..... Mr. Feng only accompanied me to several newspapers to visit Sandy, who presided over The Times, as well as the history of Shenbao and the news. ..... We also met many friends in the literary and art circles, such as Wu Changshuo, Kuang Yusheng, Zhu and Zhao. " Mei Lanfang's evasive attitude in this memoir may be related to Mei Lanfang's identity after the founding of the People's Republic of China. At that time, Mei Lanfang was already a people's artist, and Kuang Zhouyi was an old man who was obsessed with the Qing Dynasty until his death. Perhaps it is the difference and disharmony of this identity that makes it difficult for Mei Lanfang to record her contact with Huifeng in detail in her autobiography. In fact, from the first acquaintance in life, Kuang Zhouyi and Mei Lanfang and others met many times, so they hid in the years and gradually became a story.
It is hard to say whether HSBC likes Mei Lanfang because her performance reminds him of the past or because of Mei Lanfang himself. There is no doubt that Huifeng's strong pursuit of Mei Lanfang in words played an extremely important role in improving Mei Lanfang's reputation at that time. With its "supercilious", it is rare to be so attentive. Chen Julai's Memories of An Zhi Characters: "Mei has one characteristic. Those who don't forget the kindness of their old friends will stand up every time they see it and ask if the situation is good for future generations. After a good rest, they will sit down and talk. If I try to mention this situation, I will step down or even say yes. " From this point of view, Mei Lanfang has never forgotten Kuang Zhouyi's help and praise. HSBC said to itself, "I wrote nearly a hundred lyrics for Huaying, and I don't know why." This sentence "I don't know why" is enough to make people feel sorry. What is Tang Xianzu's Peony Pavilion "I don't know its method, but I go deep into it"?
Kuang Zhouyi's sense of sadness stems not only from "paying attention to the unique scenery of Chang 'an and taking care of the old piano books sadly", but also from his "laughing at this day every year and going to the boudoir". Unfortunately, he can only say "one word is sad to the end of the world." The past has passed and no longer exists, but the present is unsatisfactory, and only sadness is recalled. However, what makes Hui Feng special is that he has a more thorough understanding of the misfortunes of life. In "Water Diversion and Flowers Falling": "It's not the wind and rain that makes him jealous. Wind and rain teach people to complain, knowing that there is no wind and no rain, they have to drop. " Huifeng is quite proud of this sentence and has mentioned it many times. Scholars have always written about falling flowers because of wind and rain, and there are many resentments of jealous flowers because of wind and rain. Huifeng believes that the end of spring is not because of wind and rain, but because it was originally the result of a fate. HSBC Ceng Yun: "I look at the wind and rain, and I look at the mountains and rivers. I often feel that there are people who touch my heart besides the wind and rain. "
(Author: Chinese Department of Fudan University)