First, utilitarian education makes students have no room for spiritual blooming.
I saw movies such as Big Waves and Sand Scouring and Song of Youth 30 years ago. Young students' full passion of worrying about the country and the people and taking the country's prosperity as their responsibility is deeply imprinted in their minds, and their blood boils every time they recall it. On and off campus, they can discuss revolutionary ideals in small groups, pursue justice and truth, worry about the world first, and be passionate. They have ideals and high spirits. They pursue the truth, even if they die for their country, they will die without regret! In order to resist the invasion of foreign powers and the civil war, young students can disregard their own lives, run progressive publications, distribute leaflets promoting revolutionary principles, hold parties, give speeches and March in the streets. That kind of revolutionary ideal is higher than the broad feelings of heaven, inspiring countless young students. There are many literary works like this. In the early days of the founding of New China, in that era when everything was in ruins, personal ideals were closely linked with the interests of the country and the nation. Mindful of the motherland, aiming at the ordinary, good people aiming at the quartet, regardless of personal fame and fortune, serving the people. Nowadays, if teachers talk to students after class about topics that have little to do with further studies, and talk about topics with various utilitarian purposes, such as serving the motherland, giving one's life for righteousness, all for me and all for me, they will often be regarded as heterogeneous and ignorant. The educational purpose of many schools is simple: for students to enter famous universities, study popular majors and have a well-paid job after graduation. There are generally too narrow curriculum education, too strong utilitarian education for a certain purpose, and too weak humanistic education that ignores students' spiritual world in school education.
In the war years when the country was not a country, not only heroes came forth in large numbers, but also a group of people who could make a sound in the world emerged in the fields of natural science and humanities. The older generation of scientists have made outstanding contributions to the country and mankind with the belief that "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" and "saving the country through science". In the early days of the founding of New China, although the conditions were difficult, a number of master leaders emerged in many fields. In the 30 years after the reform and opening up, the country has become increasingly prosperous, people's living standards have improved, and education investment has increased, but the quality of education is not satisfactory. In the utilitarian school-running atmosphere and school management, the ecology of education has been destroyed. There are fewer and fewer calm teachers who aim at students' lifelong development; The ideal of studying for the country and the people is becoming more and more blurred. It seems that the only purpose of school teaching and students' study is to get a diploma and have a good job. Whether it is the society, the education authorities or the school itself, the focus of education is the construction of hard indicators, but the construction of soft environment, which has an important impact on students' ideology, spirit and quality, has not been paid enough attention to, or even incorporated into the school education system. The educational environment is not complete, although many high-scoring candidates have been trained to support the school and many people with various social popularity certificates have been trained. Although these students have become the pride of the school under the education of utilitarianism, most of them are helpless and their minds are short-lived.
It is the purpose of education to strengthen the coordinated construction of soft and hard environment in schools and cultivate harmonious people. If the purpose of education is utilitarian, it will suppress the blooming of students' spirit. If we can correctly guide students' spiritual strength, it will be an inexhaustible valuable resource, which is understood by every educator. Many schools cultivate students' thoughts, qualities and habits through class meetings and school meetings. However, only through meetings, sexual issues are much emphasized, while personality issues are less discussed, and spiritual values become pure preaching. This is a rigid way to guide students through education, and it is difficult to play a subtle role. Other schools provide ideological and moral education to students by means of daily meetings, weekly meetings and monthly consultations, so that students can feel that they are patients. Many schools have carried out mental health education, most of which are blocked. Often, problems appear and things happen before they begin. This is an emergency mental health education, while preventive mental health education is rare. Student days are the most natural period for human beings, the most complete period for natural preservation and the relatively complete period full of potential humanity. However, there are too few spiritual Eden that we can provide for students to exchange ideas, release their mind and body, and engage in activities other than curriculum study. Students' personalities, those distinctive parts and those exciting ideas are suppressed because there is no place to communicate. In the long run, the edges and corners are smoothed and the personality is stifled, so that when I am an adult, I am indifferent to everything and become a spiritual dwarf.
Second, the important role of informal space in school education.
School education is carried out through explicit courses and implicit courses. Classroom, laboratory and other formal spaces undertake the important mission of completing the course study and are the necessary hard environment for school education. The normal operation of education needs the coordination and support of all departments of the education system. The purpose of forest planning is to make every tree grow freely. In addition to learning knowledge and receiving education in formal space, informal space can also let students hear different voices, let students argue with each other, exchange needed items and provide reflection. The influence of informal space on students and its educational function cannot be underestimated. Informal space brings seamless power to students, even exceeding the constraints of marked objects.
1. culture bar: enrich the cultural elements of school education.
Culture is the sunshine and temperature that people need during their growth. Although invisible, it is everywhere. The root of the low quality of education today lies in the neglect of cultural factors in education. Students have learned knowledge, but they have not been educated, and they have become knowledgeable and uneducated people. Culture bar can guide teachers and teachers, teachers and students, students and students to "squeeze" emptiness and loneliness with positive thinking in unrestrained communication. There is no elegant music and fragrant teas in the culture bar, only topics that permeate from students' thoughts and hearts can make everyone who comes here unable to help talking. We share successful experiences with each other, resolve various puzzles, discuss various sexual and personality issues, and capture thoughts, methods, experiences, feelings, realms, consciousness, emotions and values that flash through laughter.
2. The space for students to communicate.
Schools, without cafes and teahouses, seem to lack a cultural atmosphere. At that time, many masterpieces were produced in the teahouse of National Southwest Associated University. The place to drink coffee and tea is just an informal space, far less formal than the classroom, but it can contain more inspiration, creativity and friendship than the classroom. What we lack is not coffee culture and tea culture, but the spiritual relaxation, the collision of ideological sparks and the enlightenment of wisdom brought by cafes and teahouses. Ecological education should let the educated breathe freely in this educational field, let them have their own ideas, and create conditions for the popularization and development of these reasonable ideas. What is lacking on campus is not coffee and tea itself, but a space and mentality suitable for drinking coffee and tea has not been created and preserved.
3. daze room: show students the truest self.
Liang Shiqiu said: "People are most like a person in their spare time, and their hands and feet are quite idle, so their brains can be quite busy" [1]. Schools cannot exist without society. In such a fast-paced society, it is not easy for education to slow down and calm down. Everyone keeps his spiritual string tight, like a spinning top. People are too busy to lose themselves, and people are too fast to understand what they are doing, and teachers and students are no exception. A room in a daze can make people calm down, stop, stay for a while and relax for a while. Temporary leisure and boredom, idleness and idleness are completely different concepts. It is a state of life worth pursuing, and it is also a profound art ... Being in a daze helps people return to their true selves, find their own trajectory, save energy, and let temporary leisure pave the way for the coming busyness.
4. Micro-book corner: exchange reading experience
In many schools, libraries are necessary teaching facilities. It is not only rich in books, but also solemn in atmosphere. Everyone who comes here has a feeling of coming to the ocean of knowledge. In this solemn environment, people silently read the books they need and record the words, words and sentences that inspire them. No one influences others. Reading is a process of absorption. According to the objective laws of nature, there is absorption and there is release. The precious wealth that people draw from books should not only influence readers imperceptibly. Setting up a mini-book corner doesn't necessarily require a lot of books here, but it allows students to share their reading experience with others while quietly enjoying the inner peace and enrichment brought by reading.
Although informal space can't carry the teaching tasks of explicit courses like classrooms, laboratories and auditoriums, it is easy for students to form a spiritual atmosphere of pursuing truth and independent personality in this relaxed and free environment, and thinking about the fate of the country, society and individuals plays an important role in the formation of students' ideological morality, outlook on life and values and the cultivation of good life literacy.
Third, make up educational resources and make informal space a stage for students to think.
In the information age, people communicate less and less. Sending text messages, QQ messages and emails on mobile phones has become the main way for young people to communicate with each other. Some people don't have to say a few words almost a day. People are not only biological people, but also social people. For students who have not yet stepped onto the society, in school, they should not only learn knowledge and skills, but also cultivate their own sound personality, and the cultivation of personality can not be separated from communication and cooperation with others. At present, the single classroom teaching mode has become one of the disadvantages that restrict the development of education and affect the quality of education. Besides formal classroom teaching, how to build an informal space conducive to students' growth? Here, there are no roll calls, no seats, no exams and no credits, but there are wonderful passages that students will never forget.
1. Deeply understand the important role of informal space in school education from a strategic perspective.
Education has higher and more real value and significance in the development of human beings and society ―― enlightening wisdom, releasing energy and displaying people's unique subjective initiative. Today's students live in an era that needs special consideration. In this realistic background, students' psychology is prone to problems, such as indifference and anxiety between people, exposure and rapid spread of the dark side of society, helplessness and resistance to learning pressure. School education ignores the needs of students' lifelong development, imprisons students in classrooms, and all students' activities are carried out in accordance with the procedures stipulated by the school; The school doesn't provide a place for students to communicate and discuss with others, and students don't have a stage to show their swords ―― this way of restricting students' freedom of thought and behavior seems to be a responsible protection for students who don't violate discipline and have accidents, but it will hinder students' understanding of society, imprison students' thoughts and suppress students' personality; The final result is that education pays too much attention to ability and ignores quality, and the students trained can only do things but not be human. Providing informal space to meet students' growth needs in schools plays an important role in promoting students' growth and improving the quality of school education.
2. Pay attention to the harmonious development of the extension and connotation of school education.
Education is the pillar of spreading culture and washing away negative factors in social character. School education should not only pay attention to each student's study, but also pay attention to the courses with learning as the demand. We should also take students as the center, pay attention to students' behavior outside teaching, and care for and support students from many angles. Students of every age group have characteristics of this age group, and each student has certain individual differences. Accurately grasp the students' recent development areas, deeply study students' behavior outside teaching, and pay attention to the harmonious development of extension and connotation. In addition to rigorous classroom teaching, there should also be a relaxed and free educational environment on campus, providing students with as much time and space as possible, guiding students with advanced educational concepts, and allowing them to receive comprehensive education outside classroom teaching in this time and space. Let them be thoughtful, energetic, have a sense of responsibility to others and society, have a love for the motherland, think about various social problems, have self-analysis, and have respect, understanding and tolerance for people with different characteristics.
3. Revitalize educational resources, so that students who have no spiritual dependence have spiritual belonging.
Many students in every school have problems of one kind or another, especially those with learning difficulties. Their results in explicit courses are not ideal or even poor. They are in the corner of the teacher's attention in classroom teaching, and they are helpless. A good campus culture should be the harmonious progress of open and pluralistic values, and the pattern of open and pluralistic values should be a changing situation in which many voices play together, including homophonic and pleasant voices, as well as noisy and harsh voices. There are great differences in personality among students. Every student is a life full of energy and passion, and has his own strengths and highlights. The stereotyped teaching and evaluation model will hinder the blooming of students' spirit, revitalize educational resources, adhere to the concept of free development, fully tap the bright spot of each student, and let each student have room to make his own voice, hear different voices, breathe with others, enlighten his mind, show his own characteristics, and let each student have a spiritual belonging.
4. Informal space should have a good reputation and rich liberal arts spirit.
Every student will do well if the school supplements the educational resources. Students' happy growth and hard work are not exclusive. A good learning process in school is more important than the end point. The establishment and operation of informal space should highlight the central position of students, be supported by advanced culture, contain rich humanistic spirit and provide excellent ideological materials for students. Here, the relationship between people is relatively simple, although there is a heated debate, but very sincere; Although the theoretical resources are limited and the academic foundation is not deep, they persist. With a good reputation, students' personalized elements can be widely transmitted here. There are high-pitched tones, full passion and sweet smiles here. The implication and implication here not only become an unforgettable part of students' memory, but also have a positive impact on their character and attitude towards the world to a certain extent, so that students can cherish, cherish and cherish their lives.
School education field should be a living body, and ecological education should be a school-running perspective. School education should not only pay attention to what knowledge students remember, but also arouse students' thinking, so that students can have ideals, vitality and cultural background, think about the fate of the country, society and individuals, and be in high spirits. Attach importance to the important role of "informal space" in school education, supplement educational resources, build its own soft power from a pure, clear, real and utilitarian perspective, and form a unique, coordinated and orderly school education system with the spirit of educating people for a hundred years. In this ecological education field, let everyone learn, discuss and communicate, and teachers and students learn from each other, forming a unique educational atmosphere, which has a positive impact on everyone and has become a wonderful paragraph in everyone's life.
refer to
Lu Shihua. The illusion of being busy. Bohai Morning Post, 20 10- 10-09.
(Editor Fu Yijing)