Zi Yue Zhan was born in Meishan (now meishan county, Sichuan). He was an outstanding poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He not only opposed Wang Anshi's radical reform measures, but also disagreed with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was rejected by the old and new parties and his career was very bumpy. He was born in Jing You for three years and worked as a scholar in Jia You for two years. I have been a scholar in Duanmingtang, a scholar in Hanlin and an official. He was demoted to Hangzhou for mocking the state affairs; Moved to Huzhou, Huangzhou and Changzhou successively. Zhezong succeeded to the throne and was called to the capital to serve as the central shed. Later, I argued with Sima Guang that the new law could not be changed and got to know Hangzhou. Later, the new party was launched because clan politics was clear. Su Shi was demoted again and again, and he was demoted to Hainan. Song Huizong ascended the throne and granted amnesty to the whole world. Su Shi died in Changzhou when he returned to the North. At that time, it was the year of the founding emperor, at the age of 66. Gao Zongchao, giving a surname, died Wenzhong.
His thought is different from Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, which can not only pay attention to the government and people's livelihood, but also keep his own opinion, adapt to the times and be philosophical. Hongbo Tongda's knowledge, talent and life experience also make Su Shi's poems diverse in genre, wide in content and novel in conception, showing the atmosphere of "swallowing five lakes and three rivers". His political satires throughout his life have profound practical significance.
Among Su Shi's poems, the poems that express life feelings and praise natural scenery are the most numerous and have the greatest influence on later generations. Such as "the water of a river does not return, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic figures." To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. -"Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" His quatrain "Topic Xilin Wall" is also famous for its rich sense of interest: "Looking from the side of the ridge, it becomes a peak, and the distance is different. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only on this mountain. "In short, there are more than 2,700 poems by Su Shi today, which are rich in style, magnificent and unrestrained, rational and interesting, or simple and natural. At the age of 20, he was good at describing scenery and explaining philosophy with the metaphor of novel images. Especially the ancient style of long poems, most of them are full of metaphors, endless associations, fluent language and unrestrained momentum. He is also good at humorous and broad-minded writing, and his life is always fresh and refreshing. All these show the characteristics of emphasizing reason and interest and being talkative in Song poetry. His poems broke through the old framework of "Ke Yan" since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. He and Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty became the Su Xin school of bold and unconstrained ci. His prose, books, paintings and other achievements are very high. As one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.
He is faithful, speaks with great eloquence, and travels all over counties and counties. Wherever he goes, he is thoughtful. His articles and political affairs are admired by the world, surpassing Ouyang Xiu to become a literary leader. Shi likes to make friends and spares no effort after pushing the prize. At that time, celebrities such as Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, Chao, and others joined him in succession, and were called "Four Bachelor's degree in Sumen". There is a Dongpo Collection. His ci collection is called Dongpo Yuefu, with many biographies. Wang's four seals are engraved with Jingyuan Yan You Ben, and Zhu's Qiang Village series is well compiled.
Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Lotte,No. Xiangshan lay, Mr. Drunk Sound.
Bai Juyi was born in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou. He has been very clever since he was a child. He studied poetry at the age of five or six, and was familiar with rhyme at the age of nine. 15, 16 years old, determined to learn and study hard, my mouth is sore and my elbow is sore. Twenty-nine years old, Jinshi Ji. At the same time, he was admitted to the "Excellent Book Judgment" with Yuan Zhen. This is where their engagement began. Later, they became famous in the poetry circle and were called "Bai Yuan". In the first year of Yuanhe (806), the proofreader was dismissed. In Yuanhe two years, he was sent to Jixian College of Science. 1 1 month, awarded the bachelor's degree of academician courtyard. The following year, I was awarded the left supplement. In five years, Cao, a resident of Jingzhao Prefecture, joined the army, all of whom remained as Hanlin's bachelor. Drafting imperial edicts and participating in state secrets. In the sixth year of Yuanhe, Bai Juyi returned to Beijing as the doctor of Prince Zuo Zanshan after serving his mother's funeral. In the tenth year of Yuanhe, the separatist forces in the two rivers jointly rebelled against the Tang Dynasty and sent people to assassinate Wu, the prime minister who advocated the separatist regime in the region. Bai Juyi took the lead in getting rid of the murderer to avenge his country. However, he was attacked by corrupt bureaucratic forces for exceeding his authority, and fabricated the charge of "damaging the name of religion" and was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. This is a heavy blow to him. In the thirteenth year of Yuanhe, he served as the secretariat of Zhongzhou. In fifteen years, he was recalled to Beijing, worshipped the minister of history as a foreign minister, moved to the doctor, studied the imperial edict, and entered the Chinese book to give up people. Due to state affairs, the cronies of the DPRK and China have been in conflict with each other and have repeatedly refused to listen. In the second year of Changqing (822), he requested to go abroad and go out to be the secretariat of Hangzhou. After that, I worked as a short-term Suzhou secretariat. When I was in Hangzhou, I built a lake embankment to store water and irrigate more than 1000 hectares of land. And dig six wells in the city to drink. On the day I left Suzhou, people in the county sent each other tears. In the first year of Emperor Wenzong Daiwa (827), he visited our company. The following year, he was transferred to assistant minister of punishments. Bai Juyi began to live in Luoyang at the age of 58. He has served as a distinguished guest such as Prince, Henan Yin, and Prince Shaofu. In the second year of Huichang (842), he became an official with the minister of punishments. In Luoyang, he lived a life of drinking, playing the piano, writing poems, traveling and "telling his family". He often sings with the famous poet Liu Yuxi and calls him "Bai Liu". In his comfortable old age, he still often thinks of the people. At the age of 73, he also invested in digging Longmen Bashi Beach to facilitate navigation. He died two years later. Buried at Pipa Peak in Xiangshan, Longmen. The poet Li Shangyin wrote an epitaph.
Bai Juyi left nearly 3000 poems in his life. He compared poetry to a fruit tree and put forward the famous argument of "root feeling, Miao language, Hua Yin and true meaning" (Yu Yuan Jiu Shu). Bai Juyi compiled several poems before his death, first named Bai Changqing Collection, and later renamed Bai Anthology. * * * Collected more than 3,800 poems into 75 volumes, and copied 5 books. The turmoil at the end of the Tang dynasty, the manuscripts scattered, once written and then written, is not the original appearance. The earliest extant white anthology is Shaoxing block print of Southern Song Dynasty (11~1162), with only 7 1 volume and more than 3,600 poems.
Xu Zhimo (1897 ~ 193 1) is a modern poet and essayist. Famous Zhang Yi, pen names Nanhu, Yun Zhonghe, etc. Haining, Zhejiang. 19 15 graduated from Hangzhou No.1 Middle School and studied in Shanghai Hujiang University, Tianjin Beiyang University and Peking University successively. 19 18 went to the United States to study banking. 192 1 went to study in the uk and became a special student at Cambridge university in London, studying political economy. My two years in Cambridge were deeply influenced by western education and romantic and aesthetic poets in Europe and America.
192 1 Start writing new poems. 1922 After returning to China, he published a lot of poems in newspapers and periodicals. 1923 participated in the establishment of the new moon meeting. Join the literature research society. 1924 founded Modern Review with Hu Shi and Chen Xiying, and was hired as Professor Peking University. Translated by Tagore, a great Indian poet, when he visited China. 1925 has been to Europe, the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, France and other countries. From 65438 to 0926, he was the editor-in-chief of the supplement of Morning News Poetry Magazine, and started the metrical movement of new poetry with Wen Yiduo and Zhu Xiang, which influenced the development of new poetry art. In the same year, he moved to Shanghai and served as a professor at Guanghua University, Daxia University and Nanjing Central University. 1927 participated in the establishment of Crescent Bookstore. The following year, he served as editor-in-chief after the publication of New Moon. And traveled abroad to Britain, the United States, Japan and India. 65438-0930 Member of China Cultural Fund Committee, elected member of British Poetry Society. In the winter of the same year, he taught in Peking University and Peking Women's University. 193 1 At the beginning of the year, he founded Poetry Quarterly with Chen and Fang, and was elected as the director of China Branch of Pen Club. In the same year165438+1October, 19, I flew from Nanjing to Peiping. Because the fog hit a mountain near Jinan, the plane crashed and died. He is the author of poetry anthology Zhi Mo Poetry Anthology, Kethleen Night, Tiger, Wandering, prose anthology Leaves, Parisian Scales, Autopsy, Autumn, novel prose anthology Roulette, drama Bian Kungang (co-edited with Lu Xiaoman) and diary Ai Xiao Mei Za. His works have been edited and published as Collected Works of Xu Zhimo. Xu Shi's poems are fresh, harmonious in rhythm, novel in metaphor, rich in imagination, beautiful in artistic conception, elegant in thought and full of changes. He pursues neatness and splendor in artistic form and has a distinct artistic personality. He is a representative poet of the Crescent School. His prose is unique and has achieved no less achievements than poetry. Among them, Self-Anatomy, Want to Fly, Cambridge as I Know It and Chatting in Yushan Residence are all masterpieces handed down from generation to generation.