1895 10 On February 2nd, with the approval of Emperor Guangxu, Sheng Xuanhuai was the first school supervisor and the "Beiyang University Hall" was established. Since its establishment, Tianjin Beiyang Western Learning School has been studying western learning comprehensively and systematically, imitating the American university model. For example, except Chinese and some foreign language classes, other classes are taught by foreign teachers, which requires students to have a good foreign language foundation; The teaching materials are original in foreign languages and are taught in foreign languages; All kinds of instruments and equipment used in students' experiments are imported from the United States and so on. At that time, Tianjin Beiyang Western Learning School was known as "Cornell of the East", and its teaching plan, teaching contents and methods, teaching materials and teachers' equipment became a model for setting up new universities in other places. [ 1]
Tianjin Beiyang Western School was founded as a comprehensive university. From the perspective of academic system, the first-class schools are undergraduate courses, and the second-class schools are preparatory courses. The academic system is four years. A qualified person needs eight years of training. This is the beginning of modern education in China. From the perspective of specialty setting, first-class schools are divided into four disciplines: law, engineering, mining and metallurgy, and machinery. There are both social science disciplines and natural science disciplines, which shows that China's higher education has been closely linked with the country's economic and political needs since its birth. [ 1]
The establishment of Beiyang University Hall not only promoted the emergence of the first modern academic system in China, but also set an example for the early establishment of institutions of higher learning in China. More importantly, it ended China's feudal education history which lasted more than 1000 years, and started the voyage of modern education in China.
Chinese name Beiyang University National Yang Pei University (Republic of China)
Jingshi University Hall (Beiyang period) was founded in 10.2 1895 by Emperor Guangxu and Sheng Xuanhuai. This school is the first modern university in China. The motto is seeking truth from facts. Well-known alumni, Zhang, Xu Zhimo, Ma Yinchu and Chen Lifu are all from Tianjin, China.
catalogue
1 school profile
2 founder
3 school construction process
4 development process
5 academic system setup
educational system
course
6 historical contribution
7 glory
8 chronology of major events
Nine successive principals
Editor school profile.
Tianjin University Yang Pei University
Tianjin University Yang Pei University
Beiyang University is the first batch of comprehensive universities in modern China [2]. Beiyang University was founded in 1895 10.02 (converted from Chen Na Academy established in 1887), and its original names were Beiyang Western Learning School, Beiyang University Hall, Beiyang University, National Beiyang University, National Beiyang Institute of Technology and 65438+.
The previous English names of Beiyang University were Imperial Tianjin University (Beiyang period), National Yang Pei University (Republic of China period) and Yang Pei University (before it was renamed Tianjin University after the founding of the People's Republic of China).
Founder editor
Sheng Xuanhuai
Sheng Xuanhuai
When it comes to Beiyang University, we can't help mentioning its founder, Sheng Xuanhuai. Sheng Xuanhuai (1844— 19 16) was born in Changzhou, Jiangsu. He was a scholar in his early years and was later recommended as Li Hongzhang's staff. Sheng Xuanhuai followed Li Hongzhang when he was governor of Zhili. He realized at that time that what China lacked most at that time was new talents who knew technology, foreign languages and management, while pedants who only read the history of classics and wrote stereotyped writing were of little use in the westernization cause, and traditional education had to be reformed. So I made up my mind to start training new talents. At first, he founded some technical training schools attached to enterprises, and trained some technicians with medium technical level in a short time. However, these schools only pay attention to practicality in academic system and curriculum, and the theory and basic knowledge are not solid enough. With the increasing demand for talents, in the early 1990s from 65438 to 2009, Sheng Xuanhuai began to set up regular schools to train senior professionals.
1895 10.02 "Beiyang university hall" (formerly known as "Tianjin Beiyang western learning school") was established with the royal approval of Emperor Guangxu, and Sheng Xuanhuai was the first school supervisor.
Sheng Xuanhuai has his own views on new education. He made strict rules for the students of Tianjin Beiyang Western School. The most obvious thing is to ask students to focus on their own majors, not to focus step by step, and not to be chaotic. He believes that it is very important to lay a solid foundation of knowledge, and never "stop learning at random". In addition, he doesn't approve of students simply learning foreign languages, and thinks that foreign languages are just a tool, and students should learn foreign languages in combination with their own majors. This is his request because of the lack of high-tech talents in China, which proved to be very reasonable.
School construction process editor
1887 Gustav Derting, a British German, built a German-style building in the southeast of the police headquarters in Tianjin German Concession, also known as Tianjin Bowen College. During the period of 1892, Detering hired Tenney Charles Daniel, a graduate of the Royal College, among foreigners to set up a cram school in the college. A few years later, all the students in this class reached the entrance level. It became the first modern university in modern China.
Develop a course editor
1896, Beiyang West School was officially renamed Beiyang University Hall.
Statue of Sheng Xuanhuai
Sheng Xuanhuai (2)
The Ministry of Education ordered the establishment of Xi 'an Temporary University on the basis of Beiping University, Beiping Normal University, Beiyang Institute of Technology and Beiping Research Institute. 1938 In March, Xi 'an Temporary University was renamed National Northwest United University. 1In July, 938, the Ministry of Education instructed the National Northwest Associated University to be reorganized into Northwest University, National Northwest Institute of Technology (formed by the merger of National Northwest Associated University Institute of Technology, Northeastern University Institute of Technology (now Northeastern University), Jiaozuo Institute of Technology (now China University of Mining and Technology and Henan Polytechnic University)), Northwest Normal University and Northwest Medical College.
Re-proofreading in the original site of Tianjin Xigu Beiyang University. Since then, teachers and students from Taishun Beiyang Institute of Technology, Beiyang Institute of Technology Xijing Branch, Northwest Institute of Technology, and Peiping Department (Chen Jinmin, Dean of the School of Science, accepted the placement of the fifth class of Peiping Linda and established Peiping Department of Beiyang University) have returned to Tianjin to attend classes. There are great differences on the name of the merged school.
Editing of academic system setting
educational system
Since its establishment, Tianjin Beiyang Western Learning School has been studying western learning comprehensively and systematically, imitating the American university model. For example, except Chinese and some foreign language classes, other classes are taught by foreign teachers, which requires students to have a good foreign language foundation; The teaching materials are original in foreign languages and are taught in foreign languages; All kinds of instruments and equipment used in students' experiments are imported from the United States and so on. At that time, Tianjin Beiyang Western Learning School was known as "Cornell of the East", and its teaching plan, teaching contents and methods, teaching materials and teachers' equipment became a model for setting up new universities in other places.
Tianjin Beiyang Western School was founded as a comprehensive university. From the academic system, the first-class schools are undergraduate courses, and the second-class schools are preparatory courses. The academic system is four years, and a qualified person has to go through eight years of training. This is the beginning of modern education classification in China. The second type of school "is the earliest new public middle school in China", and the enrollment age ranges from 13 to 15. From the perspective of specialty setting, first-class schools are divided into four disciplines: law, engineering, mining and metallurgy, and machinery. There are both social science disciplines and natural science disciplines, which shows that China's higher education has been closely linked with the country's economic and political needs since its birth.
course
Curriculum of Beiyang University: First-class school courses are divided into basic courses and professional courses. There are more than 20 basic courses, and professional courses are divided into five majors: engineering, electricity, mining, machinery and law, with more than 30 courses.
The main courses of secondary schools are: English, mathematics, reading aloud, history of various countries, geography, geography books, plane mapping and so on. More than 20 courses.
Historical contribution editor
From 1895 to191year * * The number of graduates or dropouts from Beiyang University is 5 18, of which 52 are sent abroad (excluding self-funded international students). The school has trained a large number of experts and scholars, laying the foundation for modern science and technology education in China. Most of them rely on the state and society and have made pioneering contributions to the development of mining, metallurgy, civil engineering, water conservancy, machinery, railway transportation, finance, politics, law and diplomacy. Most of the teachers are Chinese and foreign scholars, especially those from the United States, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and Russia. Most of the textbooks are original foreign languages. In addition, Beiyang University has also established a relatively complete education and teaching management system to ensure that the purpose of cultivating high-level scientific talents can be realized. Due to its rigorous scholarship and simple school spirit, Beiyang University was equivalent to Harvard and Yale at that time, and its graduates could enter the first-class universities in the United States for postgraduate studies without examination, which was known as "Cornell of the East".
Zhang, the early leader of China, Ma Yinchu, a famous economist in China, Ma, vice president of Tianjin Federation of All walks of life in the May 4th Movement, Xu Mo, Justice of the International Court of Justice in The Hague, and Xu Zhimo, a famous poet, are all students of Beiyang University.
The establishment of Beiyang University Hall not only promoted the emergence of the first modern academic system in China, but also set an example for the early establishment of institutions of higher learning in China. More importantly, it ended China's feudal education history which lasted more than 1000 years, and started the voyage of modern education in China.
Selected Historical Materials of Beiyang University (Tianjin University)
It is a book published by Tianjin University Press, published at 1996, and the author is the history editing room of Tianjin University.
Author Tianjin University History Editorial Room Press Tianjin University Press Publication Time 1996 Page 479 Fixed Price 20 yuan Binding Paperback ISBN 9787561809136.
catalogue
1 Introduction
2 catalogue of works
Content introduction editing
In order to cooperate with the study of the History of Beiyang University-Tianjin University and provide a reliable basis, the first and second volumes of Selected Historical Materials of Beiyang University (Tianjin University) were edited and published in 199 1 and 1996 respectively. The historical materials of this period (1895- 1985) are also of great reference value to the study of modern education in China.
The Second Series of Selected Historical Materials of Beiyang University (Tianjin University) contains important historical materials of 1949- 1985. Educational documents, teaching files and other convenient documents in this period are relatively complete, and most of them are kept in the school history museum. ……
Catalogue of works
Chapter VII Beiyang University in the Early Liberation Period
Chapter VIII Exploration Period of Educational Revolution
Chapter IX During the Cultural Revolution
Chapter 10 Development Period to Comprehensive University