College physics problem: find the field strength of a point outside the infinitely uniform charged straight line (far from the straight line R). The linear charge density is in.

By using Gauss theorem, if a cylindrical surface with a radius of r per unit length is selected, the free charge surrounded by it is a, and the integer E.S=a/ε, then E=a/(ε. S)=a/(ε.2πR)=a/2πRε。

Make a cylindrical closed surface with a straight line as the axis, the radius of the bottom surface is R, the height is L, E×2πRL=λL/ε, so E=λ/(2πRε), the field strength of the uniform electric field is E = UAB/D {the voltage between two points UAB: AB (V), and the distance between two points in the field strength direction is D:AB(M).

Extended data:

If the acting force of a charge is known, the electric field intensity can be expressed as: E=F/q, and the electric field formed by a point charge: e = kq/r 2, where k is a constant, q is the electric quantity of this charge, and r is the distance to this charge.

It can be seen that with the increase of R, the field strength formed by point charge decreases gradually, and the field strength formed by point charge is inversely proportional to R 2. The electric potential and potential difference are: Uab=φa-φb, UAB = WAB/Q =-δ EAB/Q.

Baidu Encyclopedia-formula of electric field intensity

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