Now college students are not unable to find a job, but unwilling to do it because of low wages. Nowadays, college students are not everywhere like before. They just want to earn seven or eight thousand dollars after graduation. Is it possible? What I learned in college is mainly theoretical knowledge, lacking practice. When I first set foot on my job, the company basically treated me like an idiot and taught me from the beginning.
The proportion of college students in China's total population is far below the average level of developed countries, but in recent years, the employment situation of college students is very severe, and the reasons for the employment problems of college students are various, mainly as follows:
1 misunderstanding of the employer
Many employers have more or less misunderstandings when choosing college students, mainly including: First, they attach too much importance to diplomas. Many employers think that the higher the education, the better. Choosing a candidate with academic qualifications will lead to the mismatch between the level and ability of the employed personnel and the post, or cause a waste of talents. For example, some units recruit graduate students in computer software only for simple word processing such as typing in their own units. In real work, some people's ability and diploma can't be equated directly, and many undergraduate or junior college students' professional ability is not worse than that of graduate students. Second, there is gender discrimination. Female college students are obviously at a disadvantage. Many employers consider female college students' physiological factors, marriage factors, achievement motivation, maternity insurance premium and labor protection expenses of female employees. Under the same circumstances, the future work cost of female college students is higher than that of male college students, which is the main reason why female college students are difficult to find jobs. Third, the geographical discrimination of students. Considering the close relationship between their business and the local area, many employers hope to recruit college students who are familiar with local dialects, customs and even have a certain interpersonal network. When selecting talents, local talents are given priority. Even some local governments have geographical discrimination when recruiting civil servants, and local protectionism is not conducive to fair competition among college students. Fourth, pay too much attention to work experience. Lack of experience is the biggest disadvantage of college graduates. Many employers have difficulties in operation and are eager to recruit talents in a certain field, hoping to bring changes to enterprises soon, but ordinary college students can't meet the requirements of employers. Employers ignore the potential and plasticity of college students. In fact, experience is always cultivated in practice. College students have a high level of theory, so long as they have a short practice time, they can be competent for their work.
2 the misunderstanding of college graduates
College graduates themselves also have many problems: First, the problem of honesty. Many graduates find that having a certain certificate, diploma and resume when applying for a job can bring convenience to finding a job. Some college students strive to obtain relevant certificates during their college years, while those who don't work hard cheat the initial trust of enterprises by opportunistic or fraudulent means, which will do some damage to the overall image of college graduates. Second, the overall quality of college students has a downward trend. Due to the enrollment expansion of public colleges and universities in recent years, coupled with the rapid increase of private colleges and universities, the enrollment scale has been expanding and the enrollment scores have been decreasing. In addition, many college students are not serious about their studies, have poor practical ability and lack of practical experience, and their overall quality has a downward trend. Third, college students' own positioning is biased. Everyone wants to find a unit with high income and good treatment. Due to the unbalanced economic development in various regions of China, there is a big gap between the eastern and western regions, coastal areas and the mainland. When college graduates choose employment areas, they are excessively concentrated in hot spots such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen, which causes obvious increase in employment pressure in these areas. At the same time, college students' psychological orientation of "neither high nor low" seriously affects employment. According to Zhongxin. com. Com (July 23, 2004), the second quarter com(2004 is the most difficult time for undergraduates to find jobs. The number of applicants with junior high school education or below, senior high school education, junior college education, undergraduate education, master education or above is 0.96, 0.92, 0.9 1, 0.87, 1.42 respectively. That is, 100 junior high school students compete for 96 jobs, while 100 undergraduate students only compete for 87 jobs. A very important reason for the difficulty of employment in this science is the psychological state of "undergraduates are too high and too low at present". Fourth, the way to find a job is not accurate. Many college students spread their nets by participating in various talent exchange meetings, or hope to win a "golden rice bowl" through acquaintances who are not good at "selling" themselves and have no practical advantage for themselves, so as to improve the employment rate by paying attention to understanding the actual needs of employers.
3 Misunderstandings in Colleges and Universities
At present, there are many problems in China's colleges and universities, such as: teachers in key universities generally attach importance to scientific research, but they are not responsible for undergraduate teaching, some teachers give full lectures, don't give tutoring after class, the examination standards are not strict, and students' evaluation of the final exam is final; Ignoring the contents and methods of education and having narrow professional knowledge; The curriculum for training research-oriented talents and senior professionals is not clear; The internal operation of colleges and universities is closed, lacking self-evaluation and improvement functions; The disciplinary structure of higher education is unreasonable. Although the Ministry of Education has adjusted the disciplines and majors of colleges and universities, it is still difficult to meet the needs of the market because of the uneven level of running colleges and universities. Especially in private colleges and universities, due to financial reasons, "emphasizing literature over science" is serious [2], coupled with quick success, many schools set up majors with less investment and quick results regardless of whether their own "software" and "hardware" are allowed, which leads to further imbalance of majors, and these factors further cause employment difficulties for college students.
Third, the countermeasures to solve the employment problem of college students
Because there are many reasons for the employment problem of college students, it is a systematic project to effectively solve the employment problem of college students, which requires the joint efforts of employers, college students, universities and society.
1 employer's countermeasures
First of all, employers should establish a scientific view of talents, change empiricism and academic qualifications, abandon discrimination in employing people, encourage everyone to make contributions and compete for talents. Secondly, the selection criteria should be reasonable. The employing unit shall formulate relevant job descriptions according to its own scale, nature, development status and actual position, refine job responsibilities, formulate reasonable selection criteria according to job requirements, and determine the quality and quantity of recruiters. Third, determine the scientific recruitment procedures. It is necessary to determine the procedures for recruitment assessment, formulate the assessment contents, and select the best candidates after assessment according to the procedures. Basically, it can be completed through the following three steps: the first step is primary election. According to the post requirements, assess the hard indicators. Such as age, education level, experience, etc. , you need to check the household registration book, ID card, graduation certificate, and the corresponding achievements and relevant award certificates that can prove your experience and ability. , to determine the preliminary qualified candidates. The second step is the exam. Including oral examination, written examination, practical operation and other forms, mainly to assess relevant business capabilities. The third step is the second interview. After the interview, the two sides make the employment decision, mainly to evaluate whether the demand level of employees is consistent with the satisfaction of the position with employees, and finally recruit the right person [3].
2 Coping with the employment problem of college students
First of all, strive to improve their comprehensive quality, including quality and ability. Contemporary college students must have the character of integrating their career with national progress, social development and human civilization, advocating truth, goodness and beauty, adhering to the truth, having a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility, having good professional ethics, and establishing a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. College students should strive for extensive knowledge, reasonable knowledge structure, scientific and cultural literacy, innovative spirit and random and flexible way of thinking, so that it varies from person to person, from time to time and from thing to thing. Have a good psychological quality, face more intense social competition, can take change as an opportunity, take difficulties as a smooth road, have tenacious self-control, firm belief, and be full of expectations and enthusiasm for life. At the same time, we should have good physical fitness. Poor health will weaken the decision-making ability of talents, because if physical strength and endurance are needed to achieve the goal, a person may give up because of physical exhaustion. In addition to quality, we also need to pay attention to the cultivation of ability, which is the external expression of a person's quality and a part that plays a direct role in society. Nowadays, college students in society must cultivate themselves as much as possible, such as the ability to deal with information, interpersonal skills, systematic handling of things, good human and resource skills, and the ability to use technology. Second, strengthen social practice. College students can actively participate in social practice during holidays, combine theoretical knowledge with practical work, improve their ability to deal with practical problems and accumulate work experience. Third, the correct employment orientation. At present, college students should face the reality, update their ideas and change their thinking according to the actual market situation, and work in the position that suits them best, instead of paying too much attention to salary level and geographical location. Only in this way can they give full play to their intelligence and finally realize the value of life. Fourth, seize employment opportunities through various channels. At present, college students can find suitable jobs through talent exchange and network resources, actively and boldly exert their true talents and practical knowledge, and cherish and seize hard-won employment opportunities. Fifth, get employment before choosing a job. Facing the severe employment situation, college students should change their employment concept if they have to, that is, find a job first and then choose a job. They can't pursue it step by step as they used to. If they haggle over whether their current professional posts are ideal or not, they will lose many opportunities to start. They can accumulate work experience in the previous employment process, greatly improve their self-worth and lay the foundation for finding an ideal job in the future.
3 Colleges and universities to improve the employment of college students countermeasures
First of all, we should strive to improve the level of running schools. Colleges and universities should change their ideas, grasp the trend of internationalization of education, strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of higher education in the world, and comprehensively improve the level of running schools. Colleges and universities should establish correct educational objectives, actively cultivate college students' knowledge and ability, and cultivate college students with excellent comprehensive quality who can constantly pursue truth and scientific spirit and work for the health cause of the motherland for more than 50 years. Secondly, with the deepening of educational reform, colleges and universities must be market-oriented, closely linked with the actual situation of economic and social development, speed up the adjustment of professional structure in colleges and universities, and rationally allocate educational resources in order to cultivate marketable talents. The existing discipline structure can not fully meet the requirements of China's economic structure adjustment, industrial structure upgrading and social development, and must be adjusted in time. After the implementation of enrollment expansion in colleges and universities, it is necessary to coordinate the relationship between the quantity and quality of enrollment in colleges and universities, and implement policies with different academic qualifications at different levels, such as relaxing policies for higher vocational education and undergraduate education and above, to ensure the quality of education. It must be emphasized that the demand for skilled workers in China's labor market is greater than the supply, especially the shortage of senior skilled workers. When vigorously developing higher vocational and technical education, shortening the academic system of higher vocational education from three years to two years is not only conducive to the early employment of such students, but also conducive to meeting the needs of employers for such talents. Third, establish and improve the employment service system for college students. Colleges and universities should establish a graduate employment guidance and service system integrating education, management, guidance and service as soon as possible. Establish a service-oriented employment organization for college graduates, work independently, and provide graduates and employers with all-round, multi-level and three-dimensional service contents and forms such as information service, consulting service, guidance service and training service, so as to create favorable conditions for college students to establish correct career ideals and job-hunting concepts, master competitive skills and actively participate in talent market competition.
4. Other social and government countermeasures
To solve the employment problem of college students, the government and society must work together. First of all, the government and society must make corresponding overall adjustments. The employment situation of college students reflects the level of social development from one side, which directly affects the development of higher education and people's judgment on the value of higher education. The government should strive to develop the economy, adjust the industrial structure, especially establish high-tech industries and improve the industrial level, so as to increase the absorption capacity of humanities graduates and make the talent training in colleges and universities and the use of talents in society link up well. This is the responsibility of the government and society. Secondly, expand the number of graduates joining the army and expand the enrollment scale of graduate students. Letting some outstanding graduates join the PLA can not only improve the quality of the army, but also solve the employment problem of some college students. Expand the enrollment scale of graduate students, delay the employment time of college students and create wealth for society.